...Open/Closed Source Heidi Mitchum POS 355 May 6, 2013 Michele Gamberutti Open/Closed Source The background behind an operating system stems into different branches of a tree. There are many items that go into a functional operating system. One of which includes open and closed source. To understand what may be a source for an operating system is the first step to understand what an open or closed source is. Even though at times it can be a wasteful effort, open/closed sources can be an advantage of cost sharing and software development. First it is a good idea to find out what it means to have a open or closed source system, meaning components that make up the functions needed for an application or software. With both open and closed working very differently as to how the system is developed and how they run within a software program or application. Each of these sources will be discussed. Open source systems are typical used for everyone to see and for anyone to use, and this is why the name is open. There are advantages to having an open source system which include: • Larger Development Support – Giving a large support system the developers feel as though they can make changed when and where every needed (Vidal, 2013). • Customizable – Having full control of the system gives developers a sense of control to make changes to the programs for advancement in all areas (Vidal, 2013). • Security – Having two eyes is better than one, having more security...
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...Stephen Sylvester Roles of Public License POS/335 John Demory June 1st 2014 Today, in this paper on GNU I will be talking to you about what a GNU general public license is. I will then go over the exact role that it plays in the world today. Let us first go cover what exactly is a GNU general public license. The GNU general public license in terms is a free copy left, license for software and other software related works. When software and any other computer-based applications are published and or designed the creator establishes copyright protection and licenses are put into place. This is to protect and ensure the software’s integrity. It is also meant to take away the users freedom to share and change the creator’s works. In comparison, the GNU public license is intended for the guarantee of the users freedom to share and manipulate all versions of almost any free-based software programs. This is to make sure that the software remains absolutely free for all users. The role that the GNU general public license plays today is mainly for the software developers. These software developers use the GNU general public license to assert copyright on the software and or programs that they create. The GNU general public license also offers the users this license as well, giving then permission to copy, modify, and distribute that particular software that they have modified. All users of the GNU general public license are granted for copyright on the programs, this...
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...vs Open Source versus Closed Source Open Source versus Closed Source There are basically two types of operating systems when it comes to how the code is handled. These are open source operating systems and closed source operating systems. One isn’t necessarily better than the other, but they both have situations and areas that they work best in. Open source isn’t for everyone, and neither is closed source. It’s always better to have both sides available so there is some variety. Open source and closed source operating systems have are completely different, almost like night and day. Closed source operating systems like Microsoft Windows, for example, are developed by an individual or a company. The final product is available to run on a system, however all the source code, the recipe for the operating system, is kept secret and no one except the developers have access to it. The closed source operating system is exactly the opposite, because the source code is made readily available to the user, and if they have programming knowledge, they can debug it and tweak it into their own style. Basically they can personalize it to fit what suits them and their needs. Closed source operating systems, such as Windows can definitely meet the needs in a market. Because people pay for closed source operating systems, they can be guaranteed to get documentation and support for the software. One bad thing about closed source software is that developers often rush it...
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...Open Versus Close Source Software Tristan San Juan 03/17/2015 POS/355 Brian Davis Open versus Closed Source software? Which is better? There are many questions behind which software is better. There are literary many pros and cons on both of the soft wares. It comes down to the users’ limitation and preferable on which one is to use. Some people have both and use them for different reasons. As you read on we going to clarify some features on each kind of software to further explain the difference between the two kinds of software. Closed source Software, most users are going to be familiar with this. Windows, Adobe (Photoshop), Norton Anti-Virus and Mac OS are very fine example of what closed software are. In definition a closed software or aka a proprietary software is, “any software that is copyrighted and bears limits against use, distribution and modification that are imposed by its publisher, vendor or developer. Proprietary software remains the property of its owner/creator and is used by end-users/organizations under predefined conditions ("Proprietary Software", 2015).” Meaning it is what it is you cannot edit it in source code level, I mean you can hack it but most likely as users who doesn’t know anything about coding will most likely break it. One of the biggest sign when people see closed source software is it cost money, yes it does and you pay for what you get. Some of the benefits of having a closed source software is that is one its reliable quality...
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...Open and Close Source Systems Paper Pos 355 Open and Closed Source Systems Paper POS/355 Open and Closed Source Systems Paper GNU GPL (General Public License) defined as the copy left or free licensed software (GNU.org, 2007). When making an invention the creator must have copyrights to protect them from their inventions. No one wants their inventions taken from them. They can loss acknowledgement or worse the royalties not given to them. Copyrights mean the right to copy; generally, it gives the copyright holder many other rights to their software or products. Creators who work hard to make their software or products a reality, they want that accreditation for their works; and they can determine who can take the work and financially benefit for the use it. It is a form of intellectual property; like patent, trademark, and trade secret (copyright.gov, 2012). By contrast, the GNU GPL is freedom of a guarantee to change and share the versions of the programs or software’s (GNU.org, 2007). Most organizations use GNU GPL for their software and it with their authors also that release the work. The licenses are put in place for developer’s freedom and to change and share their work that they develop; this is GNU General Public License. There are steps that are taken to use GNU GLP. (1) assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer you this license giving you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify it, and this the developers that uses GNU GLP protect your rights...
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...Open Source and Closed Source Operating Systems POS/355 Jim W November 3, 2013 History repeats once again and proves that the saying, (two heads are better than one) continues to be true! The movement for the collaboration of the thinkers, inventors, and creators; to come together and share ideas and concepts that advance the development of mature and immature open source code is here to stay. The original hackers from the 1950’s (computer enthusiasts’) at MIT’s Tech Railroad Club left their programs in drawers for others to work on. This concept of sharing and developing source code for a wide range of functionality continues to enable programmers and students to use source code as a learning tool that sparks worldwide innovation! Open Source operating systems are usually free OS’s that can be manipulated via the source code format rather than the compiled binary code format, which is only available by closed source code. There are quite a few different open source code providers with the three most popular being GNU/Linux, BSD UNIX, and Solaris. Not only did the GNU/Linux open source operating system serve the standard OS features and function, it also produced many UNIX-compatible tools, including utilities, compilers and editors, but never released a kernel. The advantage of collaboration of the open source OS, Linus Torvalds, a student from Finland released a rudimentary UNIX-like kernel using the GNU compilers and tools and invented contributions worldwide. This...
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... | |Class: | | |Date: | | |Re: |Individual Assignment for Week 3 (Open and Closed Source Systems) | A collaboration of people contributing free software is the key to Linux becoming a technically impressive product. Linux is a UNIX variant, but is much more effective do to the ability to create and use free software. Not UNIX Linux is an operating system created based on the Unix operating system all of the improvements to Unix used GNU tools to create the kernel that would become Linux. GNU is an acronym that stands for “Not Unix” and is part of a project of people collaborating over the Internet, creating free to use software and source codes. According to Stallings, W. (2012) “Linus Torvalds, a Finnish student of computer science, wrote the initial version.” and “posted an early version of Linux on the Internet in 1991.". Since then, a number of people, collaborating over the Internet, have contributed to the development of Linux, all under the control of Torvalds. Seal of Approval GNU Public License (GPL) is the approval of...
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...program and software developers to learn from other developers. Programs and software not considered free to the user is referred as non-free or propriety programs and this translates to the user the program controls the user and the developer controls the user, this is considers the program is an instrument of unjust power to the user. The GNU Public License provides a form of trust to the users and the developers by providing rights to other users to use and alter other programs. The rights for a user consist of a programmer who develops a program and wants to distribute this program through GNU the developer must allow other users the ability whether by gratis or by fee give an user open access to the source code of the program followed by the rights to the user who decides to access the source code. There are two steps of rights developers must abide by; the first right is asserting copy rights of the software to all users who wish to utilize the program. The second step of rights offers the license of the software to the user...
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...system to choose: closed-source or open-source. Each option has its advantages and disadvantages, and mainly depends on the organization itself; where one will benefit, the other will face some difficulties. For example, open-source software is usually is more flexible, but it sometimes requires some extra work or knowledge from the user to customize the database. The main reason why I would prefer using open-source database, is that in closed-database systems it is not possible to see the source code. It means that the user cannot detect bugs and other system vulnerabilities. The crucial factor in favor of the open-based system is the question of the price, as open-source database systems are free. Open-source database systems, such as MySQL, are great for users, who agree to tolerate some minor limitation (which sometimes do not matter for a particular company) in preference to simple and fast performance. Many organizations remain cautious about using new open-source software. For these companies, they might use systematic software implementation; for instance, start using open-source databases like PostgreSQL or MySQL, after they have successfully tested Linux or Open Office (Amant & Still, p. 259). Moving in that direction will lead to a formation of a strategy, which I would suggest using - the hybrid strategy. In order to use any benefits of open-source database systems and to lower the risk, this strategy suits perfectly. With the help of the open source concept, it emphasizes...
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...the GNU GPL is freedom of a guarantee to change and share the versions of the programs or software’s (GNU.org, 2007). Most organizations use GNU GPL for their software and it with their authors also that release the work. The licenses are put in place for developer’s freedom and to change and share their work that they develop; this is GNU General Public License. There are steps that are taken to use GNU GLP. (1) assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer you this license giving you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify it, and this the developers that uses GNU GLP protect your rights with these steps (GNU. org, 2007). When distributing copies of software for free, the creator must pass on the recipients and receiving the source code to the software they need to make sure also shows these terms of rights on the software. So, the rights are protected through the creators the GNU General Public License prevents other from denying these rights, Therefore, it is the creators responsibility to respect the freedom of others when distributing these copies of the product that they create. There is some software...
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...Open/closed source operating systems Scott Delaney POS/355 Introduction to Operational Systems June 8, 2014 Jeff Rugg Open/closed source operating systems There is often confusion over what is and what is not an open source operating system is. For example most people believe that if the operating system is free it is open source. Open source does not refer to whether the program is free or not, but the source code of the operating system being open to the public to change and improve upon (D'Amico, 2009). Traditionally open source operating systems are free of charge. A good example of a true open source operation system is ReactOS. This operating system was and is currently developed by a community of developers. ReactOS is unlike most open source operating system and is not Linux based (ReactOS, 2014). This operating system has been written from scratch with the same design principles as Windows NT architecture. The best part of ReactOS is that the drivers and applications that run on Windows can be run on this operating system without any change. This ability can allow the operating system to run on networks that are Windows based. The polar opposite of open source is closed source operating systems an example of this is HP-UX. This is an operating system created by Hewlett-Packard and is UNIX based. HP-UX is based on a traditional open source code but because it is not open to development by a community and is proprietary operating system for Hewlett-Packard...
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...Open and Closed Source Operating System Comparison POS-355 Open and Closed Source Operating System Comparison Open and Closed Source are the two model of how most software is distributed. The open source code is that exactly, free open-sourced code. Meaning the core functions of the written code are given to a potential developer and that developer is able to manipulate, add to, or change any of the functions of the code. This holds true from the basic core functions or the code to small additional code snippets. FOSS or free and open source software do not typically limit or inhibit the use of the software. However with all of this free distribution, there can be some open sourced software that might have license-based restrictions or redistribution. These restrictions are not overwhelming though. The software can be re-distributed for free, after a developer has modified the code, as long as credit is given to the original manufacturer. FOSS also allows for the code to be modified and then re-compiled, so it can be sold as a complete project. Some examples of this type of re-distribution is Red Hat Inc. Red Hat Inc. takes different pieces of code, pieces it together into a really nice and user friendly interface, and then Red Hat re-distributes this re-compiled code as Red Hat Linux. There have many different flavors and iterations, but as long as Red Hat gives credit in the development to the originally creator, there is no problem with Red Hat re-distributing this...
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...Closed and Open Source There are a lot of things that go into a practical and an efficient operating system; one of which consist of a closed and an open source. To understand the sources of an operating system, it is best to find out and figure out what closed and open source is. Closed and Open source can be a disadvantage or an advantage of software development and cost sharing. The initial step is to recognize what it means to have a closed or open system, and what components are needed and will make up the requirement for software or an application to function. With both closed and open sources functioning differently as to how the system is programmed and structured and how the system will function within a software application or program. OPEN SOURCE Operating systems of an open source can be defined as free software developed by corporations or individuals to develop an alternate to not having to rely on any individual or one company to modify or change the software and maximize its used for the individuals or companies' advantages. Open source are typically free to use by each individual or companies to modify and changed without having to worry about the licensing and compliance to the original developer of the software being used. These are the advantages to an open source system. * Unlimited Community Support: With the public support, the alteration and transformation of the system is more frequently, more elaborating on time to develop a greater...
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...distributed to end users. All operating systems currently on the market have been created as a result of open- or closed-source software development. The major difference between the two development philosophies is the privacy of the source code, particularly whether or not it is available to the public for evaluation, modification, and redistribution. Closed-source operating systems like Microsoft’s Windows and Apple’s Mac OS are more widely used in homes and businesses desktop and laptop computers. Although not as readily adopted, open-source operating systems offer viable alternatives to closed-source. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages associated with them. Closed-source software development more closely resembles the business philosophy used by other industries. Closed-source operating systems are developed by an individual, or team, and made available for purchase to the public. The source-code, however, is never revealed to the public. The product purchased is merely an executable file. The final product cannot legally be modified, sold, or distributed without permission from the copyright owner. In essence, purchasing a closed-source operating system allows the end user to use the software, but there is no tangible ownership given. They cannot freely modify their purchase. In order to stay competitive, and avoid such things as illegal copying, the source code is kept secret within the organization and is protected much like trade secrets in other industries...
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...Open and Closed Source Systems For this paper, I choose option 2, which is to explain and compare Open and Closed source systems. Software is identified in two forms, source and binary. Source is the form in which users write software. This is where Open and Closed source systems/software come in. While they both deal with the way systems are accessed, and the software, and the rights and restrictions of that software, they are complete opposites when it comes to what each (Open and Closed) does and protects. Open Source systems and software are those in which the software has no real restrictions on what a user may do with the software. The most common names for Open source systems are free software, Public Domain Software, GNU software and copylefted software. When this type of system or software was first brought to the public most commercial software vendors and users ignored it, claiming it was a fad, and would quickly disappear. Unfortunate for them, Open source systems and software have actually become one of the most prevalent forms of software available to the public, and a lot of “techie” companies and users use it, due to the fact that the source code is open, therefore, the software can be changed and used as the user sees fit. Closed source systems and software are the complete opposite of the Open source systems and software. Closed source systems and software that is sold by commercial vendors and users is sold with the source closed, and in binary form, hence...
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