Explain how the four contemporary approaches to management are different from one another.
• The contemporary approaches to management include: sociotechnical system theory, quantitative management, organizational behavior, and system theory. The sociotechnical system theory is an approach to understanding the relationship between technology, individuals, organizations and society in work place design. "The sociotechnical systems approach says that a change in one part means there will have to be corresponding changes in other parts. “The sociotechnical systems approach says that a change in one part, means there will have to be a corresponding change in other parts. “The quantitative management approach involves the use of mathematical modeling to find the best solutions to problems. One important component of the quantitative management approach is an ability to objectively collect information about a problem and possible solutions to develop appropriate, and useful, mathematical models. Organizational behavior theory usually represents concepts that help a company create better management practices. Concepts such as leadership, decision making, team building, motivation, and job satisfaction are all facets of organizational behavior and responsibilities of management. Systems theory is a broad perspective that allows managers to examine patterns and events in the workplace. This helps managers to coordinate programs to work as a collective whole for the overall goal or mission of the organization rather than for isolated departments.

Define “open systems”
• An open system is a system that regularly exchanges feedback with its external environment. Open systems are systems, of course, so inputs, processes, outputs, goals, assessment and evaluation, and learning are all important.

Describe the internal, competitive, and macro environments of an