Introduction
Creative designers at Apple took technology by the wings and evolved their products into a device that’s sophisticated, yet rudimentary for the simplest user. For example, the iPad’s intuitive and ease of functionality is mainly due to the many gestures created to manipulate this device. Primary functions will launch and control applications (apps), simply with a swipe of the finger or by tapping the screen. These gestures are only the tip of an iceberg and many more vastly wait to be discovered. The Nielsen Norman Group (2011) titled “Usability of iPads and Websites” gives a snapshot of the overall functionality of the iPad and shows its evolution from its conception to its current state. Let’s explore various gestures used to manipulate this device.

Operability Between iPads, Apps, and Websites Designed with the user in mind, many devices are now interactive thus creating an easier and more enjoyable experience. The most basic iPad functions are achieved by swiping your fingers across the interactive screen. This gesture allows the user to scroll through pages or lists by simply touching the screen with the tip of your finger near the bottom and motioning it towards the top of the screen to swipe up or down. Although initially, your actions may appear to be counterintuitive, as the functions are opposite but think of it as your finger moving the screen. Let's get the most out of the tablet with commonly used iPad gestures.

· Swipe up/down – Function used to scroll up and down web pages or menus.

· Swipe left/right – Function is left or right like turning the pages of a book.

· Pinch in/out – This zoom feature allows the users to magnify or shrink images, by sliding the thumb and index finger together or apart.

After several attempts, the correlation of gestures will become second nature and more realistic.

The functionality of Input Controls when using an iPad to conduct registrations and acceptance forms can be a bit daunting. “The main reason is that typing on the iPad is pretty much a hunt and pick endeavor: users must split their visual attention between finding the keys on the screen and reading what they typed; moreover, the keys offer no tactile feedback”.

Comparable to most mobile devices, the iPads screens are smaller than a desktop or laptop. Because of the compactness of your device, you are subject to more errors. The back button is very useful when mistakes are within a form, and it is essential to have the ability to correct mistakes. Often, users tend to touch spots that send them to an unexpected place and instead of reloading or exiting the page, they have the option to hit the back button that allows the user to make necessary corrections. The screen size can also impact the reaction time to scroll through larger text. Thumbnails are images that replicate hyperlinks to more extensive text files or even smaller versions of an actual picture. The use of a thumbnail can significantly reduce the clutter of sizeable images, making the application a mobile friendly dimension compatible to the size of the iPad.

In conclusion the User’s Values, according to the case study conducted by the Nielsen Norman Group, end users were polled that on the likes and disliked of the iPad. A common dislike among users with magazines, for example, preferred to have a progression bar vice the spinning cogwheel. The progress bar gave a better indication of downtime. Another dislike would be website transparency, which happens when unexpected results are different from the intended expectation. Positive polls reported having liked the carousel-type scrolling. Notably, one user noted the Bing app by stating: “[The carousel] is my favorite type of design — you slide to see what you need.” It shows the most amount of information without being intrusive. This style of design gives readily available information without having to wait for new pages to load.

References
A List of iPad Gestures – Navigating the iPad. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://ipad.about.com/od/iPad_Guide/tp/A-List-of-iPad-Gestures.htm

Nations, D. (n.d.). IPad Help: 8 Lessons for Beginners. Retrieved March 5, 2015, from http://ipad.about.com/od/iPad-Tutorials/tp/iPad-Lessons-For-Beginners.htm

Nielsen Norman Group. (n.d.). Retrieved March 7, 2015, from http://www.nngroup.com/articles/ipad-usability-year-one/

Preece, J., & Rogers, Y. (2011). Emotional Interaction. Interaction design: Beyond human-computer interaction (3rd ed., pp. 127-156). New York, NY: J. Wiley & Sons.