...to assist you in writing Assessment 1: Case Study. If, after reading through these, you still have questions please post on the relevant forum. If you are still unsure then please contact your campus specific lecturer to arrange to discuss your assignment. We ask that you bring these guidelines to any meeting and highlight the areas about which you are still unsure. In this case study you do not need an introduction or conclusion for this case study of 1500 WORDS ± 10% due by midnight 8th April Turnitin. Just answer the questions. Turnitin is located in your campus specific block. Although we suggest you do your background reading in the current textbooks for basic information, the case study also requires you to find current literature/research/articles to support your discussion throughout the case study. Do NOT use Better Health Channel, WedMed, dictionaries, encyclopaedias etc. These are NOT suitable academic sources. If you use these you will not meet the criteria for this question and you will lose marks. You must follow the APA referencing format as directed by ACU in your case study and in your reference list. The Library website has examples of how to do this referencing and you can find the correct format at the end of your lectures and tutorials as well as in the free Student Study Guide. This essay should have approximately 10 relevant sources. Textbooks, if cited, should be a range of medical-surgical, pathophysiology, anatomy & physiology and pharmacology...
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...family and support systems. The treatment of pain and the loss of income due to pain increases the costs for health care, the individual, and the population. Analyzing and clarifying the concept of managing acute pain can increase the healthcare provider’s knowledge of acute pain management, define the concept of managing acute pain, and expand the understanding of the concept of managing acute pain. The aim of this analysis is to clarify the defining attributes of managing acute pain, identify antecedents that influence the perception of pain and the possible consequences of acute pain. Review of Literature To increase the understanding of the concept of managing acute pain, it is important to explore the definitions of pain to gather basic information about managing acute pain. For this analysis pain will be defined from a professional dictionary, and a thorough review of literature from the disciplines of psychology, medicine, and nursing. Definition of Pain from Dictionary Mosby’s Medical, Nursing, and Allied Health Dictionary (2001) was used to define pain because it delineates pain by...
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...End of life care: Overview of symptom control Authors Eduardo Bruera, MD Rony Dev, DO Section Editors Linda Emanuel, MD, PhD Ezekiel J Emanuel, MD, PhD Deputy Editor Diane MF Savarese, MD Disclosures All topics are updated as new evidence becomes available and our peer review process is complete. Literature review current through: Mar 2012. | This topic last updated: Apr 13, 2011. INTRODUCTION — Most patients in the terminal phase of a severe advanced illness such as cancer develop potentially devastating physical and psychosocial symptoms for weeks to months before death [1]. Patients admitted to tertiary palliative care units are likely to present with more frequent and severe symptoms compared with those admitted to community hospices or acute care hospital beds, although the frequency of symptoms is high in all groups (table 1). (See "Hospice: Philosophy of care and appropriate utilization".) Palliative care is an interdisciplinary medical specialty that focuses on preventing and relieving suffering and on supporting the best possible quality of life for patients and their families facing serious illness. The primary tenets of palliative care are symptom management; establishing goals of care that are in keeping with the patient’s values and preferences; consistent and sustained communication between the patient and all those involved in his or her care; psychosocial, spiritual, and practical support both to patients and their family caregivers; and coordination...
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...the sick, however the first lesson taught comes from the Latin phrase Primum non nocere. When translated this historical phrase means, “first do no harm.” Today the healthcare industry offers various lines of service that intend on resolving an illness. One alarming trend that has prevailed through metro Atlanta and Chattanooga area is Pain Management Clinics. These clinics offer patients so called relief from pain and opioid dependency by providing a synthetic narcotic called Methadone. The profound side effects of this drug was noted by Christopher Jones when he proclaimed,” Although methadone accounted for only 2% of opioid prescriptions in 2009, it was involved in approximately 30% of overdose deaths” (667). Statistically this is an alarming rate of sentinel events considering this drug is administered to various...
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...HurtingHealing & Rough Draft Peggy Matthews COM/172 6/9/2014 Mrs. Clarke Healing & Hurting Rough Draft Marijuana and opiates help when there’s pain you cannot naturally fight. But when abused they both get you higher than a kite. Medical Marijuana and opiates are used for pain relief, but are widely used for substance abuse. What is Marijuana? Is it an illegal drug? Or is marijuana a medical breakthrough? The United States Government contradicts itself everyday with this issue. The United States Government allows all states to pass bills if they so choose to, allow medical marijuana to be used as treatment for patients with chronic pain and recreational use. The other states are absolutely against the legalization of medical marijuana, saying “it is immoral”. What is the history behind Marijuana? I am going to take you on a journey ten thousand years ago in ancient civilization. Marijuana also called Cannabis was used for fiber. The humans in this time period also used the hemp seed for food. It was only natural that they discovered the medical properties of the plant. Cannabis was actually used for a list of reasons such as hemorrhoids, insomnia, headaches, pain, and even childbirth. But that was some time ago. In the 1970’s scientist were able to extract the THC from the plant. Thus making a synthetic version of the plant, and calling it Marinol. Marinol was approved from the Government and the FDA to be prescribed to patients. It was used to treat anorexia...
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...EFSA Scientific Report (2009) 231, 1-107 SCIENTIFIC COOPERATION AND ASSISTANCE SCIENTIFIC REPORT OF EFSA Review of the potential health impact of β-casomorphins and related peptides 1 Report of the DATEX Working Group on β-casomorphins (Question N° EFSA-Q-2008-379) Issued on 29 January 2009 WORKING GROUP MEMBERS Ivano De Noni, Richard J. FitzGerald, Hannu J. T. Korhonen, Yves Le Roux, Chris T. Livesey, Inga Thorsdottir, Daniel Tomé, Renger Witkamp. 1 For citation purposes: Scientific Report of EFSA prepared by a DATEX Working Group on the potential health impact of β-casomorphins and related peptides. EFSA Scientific Report (2009) 231, 1-107 © European Food Safety Authority, 2009 Review of the potential health impact of β-casomorphins and related peptides SUMMARY Proteins are a very diverse family of large organic compounds involved in many important biological processes. Following their enzymatic hydrolysis during food processing or digestion, proteins may release fragments from their primary amino acid sequence. These fragments are called peptides, and many of them are known to be physiologically active. The possible beneficial effects of bioactive peptides have attracted increasing interest in recent years. On the other hand, there are also reports suggesting that some food-derived peptides might adversely affect human health. Among these, β-casomorphin-7 (BCM7), a peptide sequence present in the milk protein β-casein, has been suggested to...
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...LITERATURE REVIEW PAPER Literature Review Paper Mitchell Adair Advanced General Psychology PSY492 A01 Argosy University 1 Each class of drugs has a property that is very distinguishing, and drugs that are within each class more than often produces effects that are similar. However, all substances that are controlled, despite of their class, share quite a few number of features that are common. This introduction will familiarize you with these features that are shared as well as define them in terms that are associated frequently with these drugs. All substances that are controlled have abuse that is potential or are precursors that are immediate when it comes to abuse that is potential. With the exception of anabolic steroids, substances that are controlled are abused when it comes to mood altering, feeling, and thought through their actions on the CNS or central nervous system, which is the brain and spinal cord. Some of these drugs are relievers of pain, depression as well as anxiety. Some are energizers and some are inducers of sleep. Even though some substances that are controlled are useful therapeutically, the effects that considered to be “feel good” of these drugs will more than likely prove to be primary contributors when it comes to their ...
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...(B.t~E ), City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA Abstract Uadertreatment of pain and lack of knowledge about pain management have been evident for approximately two decades. Because nurses are often the cornerstone of pain management, nurses' knowledge in this area is especially important. This paper explores indications of progress in the level of nursing knowledge about basic aspects of pain management. The literature is reviewed and findings from recent (1995) surveys of nurses' knowledge are compared with results of similar surveys conducted beginning in 1988. Improvements in nurses' knowledge of pain assessment, opioid dosing, and likelihood of addiction seem to have occurred. However, knowledge deficits continue. Fewer than one-half of the nurses surveyed understand that the patient's self report of pain is the single most reliable indicator of pain and that the nurse should increase a previously safe but ineffective dose of opioid. Findings from surveys on addiction reveal that the longer the patient receives opioids the more concerned nurses become about causing addiction. Nevertheless, results of current knowledge surveys of nurses suggest that educational efforts probably have been beneficial and should continue. To maximize the impact of educational efforts, content in basic and continuing education courses should be prioritized and critically evaluated for relevance and accuracy, especially content related to addiction. Early in the education...
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...Methods We conducted a systematic review of literature published between 2007, the time at which the last WHO review was conducted, to June 2015 (specific search period: January 1, 2007-June 30, 2015). Our aim was to determine the current state of HIV prevention and care and treatment programmes globally using available literature. Our search included peer-reviewed (Medline, PsycInfo, Sociological Abstracts), internet, and grey literature databases. Additional requests for literature were made to UN agencies (see Tables 1 and 2 for specific search strategy). A total of 430 abstracts were initially identified and entered into an Endnote library. All abstracts in English were reviewed. Studies were excluded if they were: (1) not in English; (2) published prior to 2007; (3) not focused on prison populations; (4) focused primarily on post-release; or (5) not focused on HIV. Papers were also excluded if they did not contain clear sampling methods and/or study details. After initial review, 295 abstracts were deemed not applicable due to duplication, falling outside inclusion criteria, and/or being irrelevant to the review. Full text articles for the remaining 135 abstracts were collected and reviewed. After full text review, 50 articles were retained for data extraction. Results are presented below by thematic areas. HIV...
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...Southwestern Assemblies of God University School of Distance Education Methadone Treatment Programs are Effective in Stopping Heroin Use A Paper Presented to Professor Loyd Uglow, Ph.D In Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Course THE 5113 Research Literature and Technology Sharon Pete November 28, 2012 THESIS STATEMENT: To investigate Methadone maintenance is found to be more effective in treating heroin addiction than 180 day detoxification. The objective is how methadone maintenance, a widely used but controversial method of weaning heroin addicts off the drug—with counseling has psychosocially enriched 180 day methadone assisted detoxification. OUTLINE I. INTRODUCTION A. History of Heroin B. History of withdrawals II. How Methadone is used to treat Heroin? III. Research Findings IV. CONCLUSION V. Work Cited Methadone Treatment Programs are Effective in Stopping Heroin Use Substitution treatment or maintenance pharmacotherapy programs using methadone are today the most sought after and effective form of treatment for opiate addiction and dependence. Because methadone is a long-acting opiate whose dosage can be stabilized, it is well suited for daily administration and has proven effective in the elimination of narcotic craving, a driving force behind continued heroin use. And, because it can be administered orally, methadone dramatically reduces heroin injecting frequency...
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...Key words like ‘Mechanical ventilation’, ‘Children’, and ‘Sedatives’, were used to search articles. Some filtering criteria were also used such as ‘Free full texts’, ‘Last 20 years’, ‘Humans’, and ‘English’. After initial search, 286 articles were identified. After reading the titles 34 were found relevant. And finally 11 papers were considered for review after reading the abstracts. Duplicates were identified and deducted...
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...Pain Assessment and Management G u i d e l i n e f o r Marlene Walden, PhD RNC NNP CCNS Sharyn Gibbins, PhD RN NNP P r a c t i c e , 2 n d E d i t i o n Pain Assessment and Management Guideline for Practice, 2nd Edition This guideline is an outline of the pain assessment and management practices that currently are accepted and documented by experts in the field of neonatal care. In addition, it summarizes and recommends pain assessment and management practices based on the best evidence for the nursing care of infants. This guideline does not preclude the use of manufacturers’ recommendations or other acceptable methods of assessing and managing pain in infants. The use of other practices known to improve the quality of neonatal care is encouraged and not restricted by this document. The National Association of Neonatal Nurses (NANN) developed this guideline in response to members’ requests. Broad in scope, it can provide a foundation for specific nursing protocols, policies, and procedures developed by individual institutions. Authors Marlene Walden, PhD RNC NNP CCNS Sharyn Gibbins, PhD RN NNP Reviewers Daniel Batton, MD, American Academy of Pediatrics Sandra Sundquist Beauman, MSN RNC Jim Couto, MA, American Academy of Pediatrics Mary Ann Gibbons, BSN RN Melinda Porter, RNC CNS NNP Ann Stark, MD FAAP, Chair of AAP Committee on Fetus and Newborn Carol Wallman, RNC NNP MS, NANN/AWHONN Liaison to AAP Committee on Fetus and...
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...I Population Defined This paper will cover briefly a multidimensional analysis of pregnant women and cocaine use. This paper will explore how women, particularly pregnant women can be challenged by cocaine use. There will be A review of the literature and policies that impact this population. In history, women have been making strides against oppression and discrimination in health, social welfare, policy and many other areas of life (Eisenberg,1998). For purposes of this paper, inner urban cities will be discussed as it impacts pregnant women. To date, gender and issues of equality remain at the forefront. Advocacy organizations like Planned Parenthood, advocate for reproductive health care for women. Certain cultural practices, prohibit...
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...distraction and internalizing or catastrophizing. The majority (91.2%) had mild to severe sleep disturbances, with 18.2% requiring sleeping medication three or more times a week. There were no significant differences between sleep and age, gender, pain intensity, or frequency. Conclusion Children with SCD experience pain that affects sleep patterns and the way they cope with pain. Nurses need to concurrently assess pain, coping, and sleep and promote sleep hygiene and positive coping strategies during pain episodes. Graves, J. K., & Jacob, E. (2014). Pain, Coping, and Sleep in Children and Adolescents With Sickle Cell Disease. Journal Of Child & Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, 27(3), 109-120 12p. doi:10.1111/jcap.12077 Systematic review: Hydroxyurea for the treatment of adults with sickle cell disease Abstract: BACKGROUND: Hydroxyurea is the only approved drug for treatment of sickle cell disease. OBJECTIVE:...
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...of daily living, sleep, take care of others such as young children and go to work. When this happens, independence becomes compromised and the patient is forced to rely on others to help take care of him or her, that is if the patient is lucky enough to have family or can afford to have home health. Pharmacological treatments used to manage chronic pain, such as opioid analgesics or narcotics, may help relieve pain, but sometimes it will not take the pain away completely. Sometimes the pharmacological treatments also cause debilitating side effects, such as drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, constipation, and respiratory depression, which can prevent the patient from performing activities of daily living or going to work. Complementary and alternative treatments are used to manage the pain that is not relieved by pharmacological treatments. Massage therapy can be used in complementary and alternative treatment for chronic pain in various origins of the body, such as back and neck pain and tension-type headaches. Literature Review Patients who experience chronic pain are often given pharmacological treatments such as opioid analgesics or narcotic medication. These medications can cause several side effects that can interfere with the abilities to perform activities of daily living. Drowsiness caused by these medications prevent the patient from being able to drive and therefore cause dependence on others to drive the patient to the doctor, grocery store, or other places. Nausea and...
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