...21? Amethyst Initiative is a proposal to consider lowering legal drinking age to 18. Some 130 universities have signed on to the initiative. UVa has not. “The initiative has triggered a backlash of criticism from health experts, transportation officials, government leaders, and opponents of drunken driving.” (Nancy) I think lowering drinking age will cause more problems. Because Lowering-drinking age to 18 not only let teenagers even younger than 18 will get alcohol, but also raises the number of drunk-driving accidents. We also cannot ignore this action will increase the number of problem cause by alcohol. All those things happen in our daily life and warning us that drinking age should not be lowered to 18. Lower drinking age is just like give the group of underage drinking teenagers official IDs instead of fake ones. And they will become much more reckless, even those one who used to care about the law so didn’t drink will soon become drunk. “A study done in 2003-4 at Johns Hopkins tested the incidence of binge drinking (as that term is defined in the Wechsler studies) in the age group just below the legal age in various countries. David Jernigan, who directed the study, used Wechsler’s survey methods to quantify the percentage of 16-18 year-olds who reported having become seriously drunk during the 30 days prior to their taking the survey. The evidence is being construed as proof that no matter what the legal age, persons just below it are disposed to drink to excess...
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...Essay 2 Rough Draft Writing 123 Enthymeme: The minimum legal drinking age in the United States should not be lowered from 21 to 18 because the legal drinking age is in place to protect young people at a time when irresponsible behavior is prevalent. The Minimum Legal Drinking Age Debate Since 2008, 136 college chancellors and presidents have signed the Amethyst Initiative, asking that the United States reconsider the minimum legal drinking age-21 (MLDA-21) laws that have been in place in all 50 states since 1984. The Amethyst Initiative argues that the MLDA-21 laws simply do not work, create a culture of binge-drinking, and that a policy of legalization and education would be more effective in protecting the safety of American adolescents. Elisabeth Muhlenfeld, the president of Sweet Briar College in Virginia and Amethyst Initiative signatory writes that 70 percent of the student population is underage. Teaching abstinence to students that blatantly ignore the MLDA-21 laws, or urging responsible behavior while drinking underage and breaking the law, are both hypocritical positions for the college administration to be in (Muhlenfeld 2). The Amethyst Initiative position is that current MLDA-21 laws have created a culture of heavy alcohol use by making drinking clandestine and extreme (Saylor 1). The statistics seem to back up this claim. Recent survey's of the 18-20 year old population by U.S. Department of Health and Human Services show that a full 72 percent report...
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...For years people have argued over whether or not the minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) in America should be lowered or stay the same. One of the main controversial issues regarding alcohol consumption in our society today is whether or not the legal drinking age is appropriate. Both sides to the argument have very considerable points that support their side of the argument. Do to these disagreements, the issue of whether or not to lower the drinking age from 21 to 18 has become controversial. The best solution is to allow citizens that are 18 and older to drink but also follow strict rules and regulations to make sure it is not taken advantage of. This solution will help keep people safe while also allowing those 18 or older to have a good...
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...Eighteen Years Old yet Not Old Enough The term legal drinking age refers to the earliest age at which a person can legally consume alcoholic beverages within particular jurisdictions. This age differs from country to country and in certain cases from state to state within a country. The Minimum Legal Drinking Age or the MLDA, in the United States as of today is twenty-one years. Lowering the MLDA is a touchy subject to many because people do not quite see the benefits that would come of it. Living in the United States, when a person turns eighteen years old, they are considered to be an adult and gain many rights and responsibilities. The MLDA should be lowered to the age of eighteen to coincide with those rights and responsibilities and be able to help benefit our country. A person is legally considered an adult once they have turned eighteen years of age. Parents of these teenagers are no longer held responsible for their teen’s actions. At that point in every young adult’s life comes along with many responsibilities and also many rights that a person deserves to have. Having the right to vote for who represents our country and local affairs, the ability to buy cigarettes and get married without having a parent’s consent, being able to serve our country by joining the Army forces and risking their life in battle, gaining the responsibility of serving jury duty, and also being prosecuted as an adult for an offense. All of these things a person inherits once they have turned...
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...Word Count: 1540 1 18 and The Forbidden Fruit Turning 18 is the first great legal milestone in a young person’s life. When they wake up on their 18th birthday, the law now sees them as adults. They can vote, buy property, adopt a child, film a pornographic movie, purchase a long gun and do a host of things that they could not have done the day before. Young people are also held accountable for their own actions and could be sued in court or thrown in jail for crimes they have committed; they are forced to sign up for the draft, risking the possibility of being sent off to distant lands to fight wars and they are now forced to pay taxes if they have a job. So with all these responsibilities and privileges given to 18 year olds, why not allow them to consume alcohol? Lowering the age limit to 18 is a great idea that can be a benefit for many. It teaches young adults to be responsible; “The majority of the people around the world who are introduced to alcohol at an early age and learn to drink appropriately (often at home, with food and in the company of family) continued to drink responsibly and rarely get drunk, so that drinking poses no threat to themselves or others” (Heath, 2000); it helps the government build a better infrastructure by taxing the alcohol consumed by these young people and finally, it is just plain fair. Our youth can kill for our country but they are not allowed to take a sip of alcohol? It is a double standard that should be eliminated. According to the...
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...Brian Basic Should the Drinking age be reduced? The drinking age goes way back in history. Drinking began to be considered a problem around the 1900’s. When the government decided to pass the 18th amendment in 1919 alcohol became prohibited throughout the United States. This amendment forced all alcohol underground. The crime rate started to rise drastically throughout the country. The crime rate rose because people were buying and selling alcohol illegally. As a result of all the problems evolved, in 1923 the 23rd amendment repealed the 18th amendment abolishing the banning of alcohol from the United States. That established the modern drinking age, but the age was not the same in all of the states. The states government had the freedom of being able to assign what they felt were a good age for people to start the consumption of alcohol. Most of the states chose the age of twenty-one, but several states allowed the purchase of beer to be at eighteen. "The political failure of general Prohibition meant that American adults would increasingly focus justifications for alcohol policy less on the perils of drunkenness and more on the tenuous concept that adults can drink properly but youths cannot or should not" (Males 190). This lead to much discussion over the drinking age and the debate will go on for years to come. Throughout this debate, it lead to the National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984, which lowered the United States drinking age to eighteen. After this act...
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...Anthropology Lecture 1 introduction Common Misconceptions with Drugs . The effect of a drug is caused solely by its pharmacological properties and effects. . Some drugs are instantly addictive . The gateway/ stepping stone theory - the use of 1 drug leads to the use of other more dangerous drugs What are drugs ? Krivanek's definition : Drugs are substances that are introduced into the body knowingly but not as food. Therefore illicit drugs, legal recreational drugs and legal but regulated pharmaceutical drugs that aren't recreational at all. - Whether if a drug is considered bad and is prohibited depends on the culture of the society in a particular period. What is culture ? The definition of culture = Through Roger keesing and Andrew Strathern's definition it is a system of shared ideas, rules and meanings that underlie and are expressed in the ways that human live. - This includes : law, beliefs, political economy, media and popular culture - this perceives ideas about what is normal and abnormal to society. " Culture is always changing and contested, not unified" Enthography as a method for studying drug use It is a process of observing, recoding and describing other peoples way of life through intimate participation the community being studied". - Participation observation, involving yourself in the life of the community , taking up the life of the other person, observing their actions, asking questions and learning what questions...
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...CHAPTER 1 Problem and its Setting Introduction Most women finding difficulties with their ordinary sanitary pads during menstrual period that’s why the researchers of this feasibility studies will give consumers the comfort they’ve been waiting for by combining the sanitary pads and negative ion. The researcher assure that the product will give the satisfaction from the money they spent by choosing the Negative-ion Infused Sanitary Pads. And even in the first try, users could really find ease because of positive effect in the body of the users. The negative-ion as it is said above has a mint-like feature that helps the women to feel more relaxed and very easy to move with confidence even if they have a period. The product will solve the growing concerns of the women finding difficulties and discomfort with their sanitary pads. The researchers believe that this product may not just solve the issues but also hit the market in a healthy way because of these unique features. Statement of the Problem This study is intended to evaluate the feasibility of manufacturing and selling negative ion- infused sanitary napkins. Specifically, it aims to evaluates and analyze the different areas of the product such as its marketing, technical, management, financial and socio economic aspects. Objectives of the Study The objective of this project was to determine the feasibility of manufacturing sanitary pads that are infused with negative-ion. All required information to...
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...Law related to contract labour p) Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Checklist of labour law compliance Unfair labour practice Labour laws in the unorganized sector Women labour and the Law Industrial relations 10. Special points to be noted while drafting Employment Agreement 11. Important case laws under various labour legislations 12. Important organizations 13. Authorities under the labour law in India 14. Labour legislations across the world 15. Bibliography 16. Annexure a) Agreements between employee and employer 192 196 b) Agreement for reference of disputes to arbitration 2 1. INTRODUCTION Labour law also known as employment law is the body of laws, administrative rulings, and precedents which address the legal rights of, and restrictions on,...
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...chapter defines the scope of international business and introduces us to some of its most important topics. We begin by presenting globalization—describing its influence on markets and production and the forces behind its growth. Each main argument in the debate over globalization is also analyzed in detail. We then identify the key players in international business today. This chapter closes with a model that depicts international business as occurring within an integrated global business environment. A LOOK AHEAD Part 2, encompassing Chapters 2, 3, and 4, introduces us to different national business environments. Chapter 2 describes important cultural differences among nations. Chapter 3 examines different political and legal systems. And Chapter 4 presents the world’s various economic systems and issues surrounding economic development. 24 Emirates’ Global Impact DUBAI, United Arab Emirates—The Emirates Group, founded in 1985 and headquartered in Dubai, is one of the world’s leading commercial air transportation service providers. Emirates has built up a strong brand name as a leader in the aviation industry, particularly in terms of its excellent customer service and its very rapid growth. It provides passenger, cargo, and postal carriage services to approximately 100 destinations...
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...Contemplating Realities and Paradoxes in the Global War on Terror John B. Alexander, Ph.D. Introduction The approach of this monograph is to examine paradoxes encountered in the Global War on Terror (GWOT). The intent is to spark debate on disputatious issues. Clearly, many of the existing situations appear intractable given the emotional investment that has been made by the public, and exacerbated by political manipulation of elected officials. Also unavoidable are the fiscal constraints that are becoming increasingly binding. Examined in Section One are problematic premises related to the four fundamental approaches to countering terrorism; increased security, eliminating the terrorists, attacking the support infrastructure, and altering conditions that breed discontent. Despite trite, albeit politically popular, commentary proposing those methods, execution of those concepts is extremely difficult, often controversial, and sometimes counterproductive. Section Two of this monograph addresses several other policy decisions that generate problems that are difficult to resolve, but directly impact the forces involved. Among those topics are; roles of contractors, individual loyalties versus national interests, alliances of convenience, foreign response to our policy on preemption of weapons of mass destruction (WMDs), the consequences of our stated objective of spreading democracy, the impact of U.S. presence in the Gulf region, and quandary associated with defining...
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...June 2012 Chief Editor : Rina Sonowal Kouli Editor : Manogyan R. Pal Vol 56 Joint Director (Production) : V.K. Meena Cover Design : Ruby Kumari E-mail (Editorial) : yojanace@gmail.com (Circulation) : pdjucir_ jcm@yahoo.co.in Website : www.yojana.gov.in Let noble thoughts come to us from every side Rig Veda CONTENTS RETHINKING POLICY ON CHILD SEx RATIOS Mary E John ......................................................................................5 NCW: TWENTY YEARS OF EMPOWERING WOMEN Mamta Sharma ..................................................................................9 STREE SHAKTI Rashmi Singh ..................................................................................13 NORTH EAST DIARY ...............................................................18 EMPOWERING WOMEN IN AGRICULTURE Amrit Patel ......................................................................................19 EMPOWERED WOMEN, EMPOWERED NATION Shahin Razi .....................................................................................24 WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT ACROSS INDIAN STATES Arundhati Chattopadhyay ...............................................................29 J&K wINDOw ..........................................................................56 AMENDING ARCHAIC LAWS TO EMPOWER WOMEN Moushumi Das Gupta .....................................................................52 WOMEN AND PANCHAYATI RAJ Nupur Tiwari ..................................................
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...Beyond Feelings A Guide to Critical Thinking NINTH EDITION Vincent Ryan Ruggiero Professor Emeritus of Humanities State University of New York, Delhi BEYOND FEELINGS: A GUIDE TO CRITICAL THINKING, NINTH EDITION Published by McGraw-Hill, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright © 2012 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Previous editions © 2009, 2007 and 2004. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. Some ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to customers outside the United States. This book is printed on acid-free paper. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 DOC/DOC 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN: MHID: 978-0-07-803818-1 0-07-803818-9 Vice President & Editor-in-Chief: Michael Ryan Vice President EDP/Central Publishing Services: Kimberly Meriwether David Editorial Director: Beth Mejia Senior Managing Editor: Meghan Campbell Executive Marketing Manager: Pamela S. Cooper Senior Project Manager: Joyce Watters Buyer: Nicole Baumgartner Design Coordinator: Margarite Reynolds Media Project Manager: Sridevi Palani Compositor: Glyph International Typeface: 10/13 Palatino Printer: R...
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...where] very heavy and unduly negligent logging … [result in a] … decline of biomass and depletion of ecosystem services … . So severe that the residual forest can no longer qualify as forest in any practical sense of the world.” Alan Graigner (1980, AS quoted in Saxena and Nautiyal, 1997) asserts that selective logging does not “lead to forest clearance and does not constitute deforestation”, whereas Norman Myers (1980, 1993) thinks that logging is crucial because, although it may only affect a small proportion of trees per hectare, it damages wide areas and is the precursor of penetration by the forest farmers. For the purpose of this study, the FAO’s latest definitions (1993) will be used. The FAO defines forests as “ecosystems with a minimum of 10% crown cover of trees and/or bamboo, generally associated with wild flora, fauna, and natural soil conditions, and not subject to agricultural practices” and deforestation as a “change of land use with a depletion of tree crown cover to less than 10% crown cover”. “A livelihood comprises the assets (natural, physical, human, financial and social capital), activities, and the access to...
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...per person per year is spent on health care, while in Britain the amount is about half that. A recent study indicated that middle-aged white Americans have a significantly higher rate of diabetes and heart disease than do middle-aged white Britons. Even after eliminating from the study the lifestyle differences of diet, exercise, smoking, and drinking, the data showed that the Americans have poorer health than their British counterparts. The statements above, if true, best support which of the following assertions? Health care spending in the United States should be reduced by 50%. More expensive health care causes a higher incidence of certain diseases. The money spent on health care in the United States is not being used effectively. The average health care spending for middle-aged white Americans is probably less than the average health care spending for Americans in general. Something other than diet, exercise, smoking, and drinking must account for the difference in health for the two groups in the study. Spokesperson: In the 2006 election of the city mayor, 55% of the voters were female. All the voters were between ages 18 and 70 and 2/3 of them supported the incumbent mayor. The incumbent mayor won the election with a substantially greater number of votes than any other candidate. If the statements made by the Spokesperson are true, then which of the following must be true? • • • • • At least 1/2 of the female voters supported the incumbent mayor...
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