...Oprah, Obama, and the 2008 Democratic Primary Craig Garthwaite Department of Economics University of Maryland College Park, MD 20742 Vmail: 202-746-0990 Email: cgarthwaite@gmail.com Tim Moore Department of Economics University of Maryland College Park, MD 20742 Vmail: 301-442-1785 Email: moore@econ.umd.edu August 2008 Abstract Candidates in major political contests are commonly endorsed by other politicians, interest groups and celebrities. Prior to the 2008 Democratic Presidential Primary, Barack Obama was endorsed by Oprah Winfrey, a celebrity with a proven track record of influencing her fans’ commercial decisions. In this paper, we use geographic differences in subscriptions to O! – The Oprah Magazine and the sale of books Winfrey recommended as part of Oprah's Book Club to assess whether her endorsement affected the Primary outcomes. We find her endorsement had a positive effect on the votes Obama received, increased the overall voter participation rate, and increased the number of contributions received by Obama. No connection is found between the measures of Oprah's influence and Obama's success in previous elections, nor with underlying local political preferences. Our results suggest that Winfrey’s endorsement was responsible for approximately 1,000,000 additional votes for Obama. JEL Classification Numbers: D7; D72 We are grateful to Bill Evans for his comments and guidance. We also would like to thank Kerwin Charles, Allan Drazen...
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...The notion I'm going to deal with is the idea of myths and heroes. First of all, I'd like to give a short definition, so according to me a myth or a hero is a person who inpires others with his positive thoughts, values or goals. We get totaly influenced and attracted by their good qualities which motivate us to do something good to the society. We can learn good qualities like patriotism, bravery, courage, non violence, compassion, humility, kindness. I would like to illustrate this notion through the theme of Influence and Role Models. We may wonder how can the actions of icons of the past have consequences on people nowadays? In order to illustrate the fact that what they do influence us, our lives, our beliefs, our values My presentation will fall into 3 parts: First of all, I'll concentrate on how role models inspire us by their actions that move us to do the same, then I'll analyse how they encourage us to be the best that we can be before finally focusing on the fact that they are selfless and teach us how to be. Nowadays, a lot of successful people were seen as other’s model. Most of us looked up to someone. It is wildly acknowledged that, role models can influence our lives. They can play an important role in shaping our society. They are figures who seem to embody everything that we think is good, all of the ideal traits that we would like to be able to possess for ourselves, and the kind of life that we would one day want to live. For instance they can provide...
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...related to social, political, and economic conditions facing the blacks in America. Therefore, this research paper will examine the life history of two famous African American artists in history. The analysis will consider their early lives, education backgrounds and their contributions that led to their social recognition. The research will end with the comparison of the two personalities and come up with a conclusion. The two personalities examined in the research paper are Henry Ossawa Tanner, and Oprah Winfrey. Oprah Winfrey Oprah Winfrey is one of the most renowned actress, African American Television host, philanthropist and producer. She hosts a multi award winning television talk show that has grown to become one of the highest television program viewed globally. Additionally, Oprah Winfrey is one of the most influential women in the world who has the ability to touch other and influence behavior change. Oprah was at first named Orpha, which was later changed to Oprah because of her...
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...Factors That Affects Study Habits of Students in Jpnhs In: Social Issues Factors That Affects Study Habits of Students in Jpnhs SURVEY FORM FACTOR THAT MOSTLY AFFECTS THE STUDY HABITS OF STUDENTS IN SECONDARY EDUCATION 4th year Question: what factor mostly affects the study habits of students in secondary education? Instructions: Put a check mark ( ) for the category that you prefer most NAME | YEAR AND SECTION | LOVE/CRUSH | FAMILY | PEER | ALJOHN MASOTES | IV-E | | | | CHRISTINA PADILLA | IV-B | | | | CHARLENE KATE GRACILLA | IV-I | | | | REYMART ALBANO | IV-B | | | | JOMAR BOGATE | IV-B | | | | HONEY GRACE VIDAL | IV-E | | | | ARRIANE GUATNO | IV-E | | | | VON JERIC DEPONE | IV-S | | | | HOWELL LANCE REYES | IV-S | | | | BRANDON MARK BRUTAS | IV-S | | | | NERISSA PANOL | IV-CDA | | | | MAY ANDREA ROBLES | IV-CDA | | | | JEZZEL MAÑALAC | IV-CDA | | | | ROMMEL BINO JR. | IV-G | | | | CYRELL ROSE CONDES | IV-G | | | | SURVEY CONDUCTED BY: SURVEY FORM FACTOR THAT MOSTLY AFFECTS THE STUDY HABITS OF STUDENTS IN SECONDARY EDUCATION 3rd year Question: what factor mostly affects the study habits of students in secondary education? Instructions: Put a check mark ( ) for the category that you prefer most NAME | YEAR AND SECTION | LOVE/CRUSH | FAMILY | PEER | ANGELU CLUTARIO | III-M | | | | ELMAR MONTEVEROS | III-O | | | | ELIZABETH ABAD | III-C | | | | RHEY MARK CASERO | III-M | | | | ANGEL ROSE MANULID | III-M | | | | ...
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...Negative Effects of Television Television is the most famous media communication in the world. Almost all people use television with many kinds of purposes such as entertainment. In addition, television brings a good side for children to gain various knowledge outside of school. However, some parents claim that television brings many negative effects toward their children. Based on my experience, I agree with that statement. First of all, television can make a big wall among family member relationships. For instance, when children are addicted to watching television, they will feel lazy to do anything such as eating, sleeping, etc. Even when one of the family members tries to make a conversation, they will answer back as simple as possible. Thus, this kind of attitude would cause a bad effect to relationships among family members. Secondly; now days, there are many action movies shown either via theaters or vie television. Even though it is much fun, but secretly, it makes a new shape of attitude for children. For example, if children often watching action movies, in the future, their responses for everything will be full of rude moves. Therefore, it is hard for children to make a good relationship around them. Lastly, every scene of movie might give a bad influence to children. For example, there is a movie which tells the audience about an alcoholic’s life. In that case, it is possible for children to drink alcohol at such a young age. In summary...
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...Factors Influencing Students Academic Performance in Nigeria Socio-Economic Factors Influencing Students Academic Performance in Nigeria Some Explanation from a Local Survey Nigeria like any other developing nations has witnessed series of political instability, with obvious effects on educational policies at federal, state and local government levels. This gradually laid the foundation of fallen standard in education at the primary and secondary school levels, which caused differential academic performance of students. In the quest of finding survival feet, the nation has evolved series of socio-economic and educational measures but these have not improved the social-economic status of families in the country. It is within this milieu that this study examines socio-economic factors influencing students' academic performance in Nigeria, with some explanations from Ido Local Government Area of Oyo State. The time frame of the study covers the period of 2004 to 2007. A total of one hundred and twenty (120) copies of questionnaire were administered to respondents. The study revealed that insufficient parental income, family type and lack of funding by governments are factors influencing students' academic performance. Based on these findings, certain recommendations are made towards improving student academic performance. Prominent of these include proper funding of education by government, sensitization of parents towards their children education and the support of NGOs to eradicate...
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...how as a young adult she pulled herself out of the unhealthy lifestyle of her parents, and managed to make something of herself. In The Glass Castle, Rex and Rosemary are not the ideal American parents, but they would be considered effective. They would be considered effective because they taught their children to stand up for themselves, independent, supportive and supportive and always there for each other. One of the effects that the Wall’s parents had on their children was teaching them to stand up for themselves. “The mattress shot forward, and our arsenal of rocks flew through the air. I heard them thud against Ernie’s body and clatter on the road. He screamed and cursed as his bike skidded” (166). When Brian and Jeannette go against the neighborhood bullies they show that they may not have money or what other families have but they are clever. They demonstrate their cleverness by creating their own catapult to stop Ernie Goad and his friends. To sum it all up, Jeannette and Brian learn to stand up for themselves by being a team. The second effect that the Wall’s parents had on their children was teaching them to become independent. “I was afraid that Mr. Becker wouldn’t give me the job if he knew I was only thirteen, so I told him I was seventeen. He hired me on the spot for forty dollars a week, in cash” (215). Jeannette took care of her family, of her dad when he was drunk, of her mom when was in need of help, and of her sisters and her brother when they felt like...
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...largesse the boards provisions to redraw school boundaries, identity of the stakeholders, and how it affect our ethics and culture strategy. Miami School District must identify the stakeholder concerns regarding the changes. The school project is the students, teachers, families, staff, and the community. The school main stakeholders in this case are mainly the student themself, because of changes made them fall apart from having new instructor, campus, and classmates. Changes will affect not only the student of being depart from their comfort of family but parents will experience of new environment for their children. The teachers and staff will experience class less because of redistribution of students. The community also will experience the effect of whether or not the location will have students in the school district. Quality of education is the number one main concern for the stakeholder towards schools. “To discourse this concern, the Miami School District can refer to studies such as Project STAR (Student Teacher Achievement Ratio) whereas negatively raising the student-to-teacher ratio affects the quality of education.” (HEROS, Inc., 2009). The reputation of the school...
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...* Earnouts are less likely to be effective when the entire target is to be integrated into the buyer. The more the target’s operations are integrated into the buyer’s, the less control the target’s management will have over achieving performance goals. To avoid this problem, it is important to choose performance goals that will not be adversely affected by integration, or to assure the target’s operating independence throughout the earnout period. * Earnouts are less likely to be effective when the entire target is to be integrated into the buyer. The more the target’s operations are integrated into the buyer’s, the less control the target’s management will have over achieving performance goals. To avoid this problem, it is important to choose performance goals that will not be adversely affected by integration, or to assure the target’s operating independence throughout the earnout period. * Earnouts are less likely to be effective when the entire target is to be integrated into the buyer. The more the target’s operations are integrated into the buyer’s, the less control the target’s management will have over achieving performance goals. To avoid this problem, it is important to choose performance goals that will not be adversely affected by integration, or to assure the target’s operating independence throughout the earnout period. * Earnouts are less likely to be effective when the entire target is to be integrated into the buyer. The more the target’s operations...
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...Proposal : Content on Television for children In my opinion, television is not safe for children in our society today. The television industry claims that it is not their responsibility to monitor what is readily available to children but that it is the parents’ responsibility. The industry is just there to make money. They are like any other corporate business in America, they only produce what sells, and right now the market for adult themed shows is much higher than children’s programs. Adult cartoons are being produced at a rapid rate. However, parents say they cannot be held completely responsible for what their children are watching on television and their main responsibility is to provide for their family. Studies have shown that there is a link between the amount and context of what is being viewed and an earlier sex rate in teens, sleeping difficulties in children, and the family structure being destroyed. Is the television that we as adults find humorous harmful to our children? This is important issue for society because the children are our future. How they grow and learn will affect our world for generations to come. It is the responsibility of the community to learn how to educate and inform community members on how to raise children to the best of their ability. It is a compelling issue for me because I have always been interested in how children learn and how it affects society. Knowing that one day I might be a mother has made me want to learn everything...
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...Factors Affecting Study Habits and Academic Performance of Students Thesis Student: I. Introduction Study skills are fundamental to academic competence. Effective study skills are associated with positive out comes across multiple academic content areas and for diverse learners. The purpose of this is to describe an information-processing perspective on the contribution of study skills to academic competence, and to identify evidence-based strategies that are effective in helping students to improve their study skills. Study motivation and study skills exhibit the strongest relationships with both grade point average and grades in individual classes. Academic specific anxiety was found to be an important negative predictor of performance. In addition, significant variation in the validity of specific inventories is shown. Scores on traditional study habit and attitude inventories are the most predictive of performance, whereas scores on inventories based on the popular depth-of-processing perspective are shown to be least predictive of the examined criteria. Overall, study habit and skill measures... II. Study Habit as viewed by A. Department of Education B. Letran de Davao High School III. Advantages and Disadvantages of study habits\ Having effective study habits creates a more efficient academic environment. Planning your study schedule in advance and faithfully sticking to it saves time. Even giving consideration to small details makes a difference. Developing...
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...Reasons why students get jobs and its Effects on their Studies by Joyce Jaro Daiane Aprill Dimaano Terry faye Corral Prencissie Litana Adrian Hernandez Major: Marketing Management A thesis submitted to: Edna C. Aquino Ed. D. English II Professor Introduction Undergraduate students have their own reason why they want to work on different fields. Not thinking that working can affect their performance in school. This study provides a reason why students get jobs and its effect on their studies that is suitable for tertiary level. This study involved a survey across our Business Administration students major in Entrepreneurial, and their opinions. The aim in writing this paper is to investigate the effects of working while in schools’ outcomes. On the contrary, working may provide valuable work experience. NBC news states that “Eighty percent of students reported working while attending classes, typically about 19 hours a week.” An increase in the number of students who work to finance their studies is often mentioned as one of the possible causes of these frequent dropouts. Recently, Kalenkoski and Pabilonia (2009a) found that students who work more hours on a particular day spend less time on homework on the same day. This is important because there are economic studies that examine the relationship between the time college students spend on homework and their subsequent achievements. These are...
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...Workbench Journalists receive the opportunity to use newsu.org, a website which provides courses for aspiring writers. The “Writer’s Workbench” course presents journalists with a wide variety of explanations regarding how to compose an effective work. The course is divided into four sections: Nuts & Bolts, Special Effects, Blueprints, and Useful Habits. The first section, Nuts & Bolts, elaborates towards the fundamentals of writing an effective paper. Writers should appreciate the content of the Nuts & Bolts section, which presents readers with thorough explanations of the necessary characteristics of journalism. The Beware of Adverbs and Using Strong Verbs subtopics, for example, stood out because writers will discover the level of effectiveness that different parts of speech deliver within a report. Writers may not appreciate the list of verb qualifiers at the end of the “Strong Verbs” subtopic, which does not provide examples regarding why to avoid using the listed examples. Journalists will use the content of this section when they need to omit unnecessary details within their works. The second section of the course is entitled Special Effects, which explains how to write formal and creative. This portion of the course is beneficial, because this section explains how to conduct a vibrant and colorful report, while applying formal writing techniques. The Seeking Original Images subtopic was well elaborated, especially when the author humorously cites athlete...
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...Cause and Effect of Online Computer Games Introduction In today’s generation with a fast-paced technology and modernized society, it is not a question anymore why computer games are extensive. It becomes a natural part of growing up for players most especially to the so-called gamers who are mostly students. They play computer games for leisure and fun. Gamers are able to learn how to socialize and compete with others through online gaming. For them, it is more than just a play because they are able to create a fantasy world wherein they have their own character and could escape from reality. Hence, it turns into a real and growing problem since not only the adults are affected but kids as well who know how to play computer games. The enjoyments they get from playing these games develop into addiction which they hardly noticed that they are spending much time on computers. It is patent that computer games are affecting the behavior of a student/gamer. They become loner. Others lose interests in studying and would prefer to play online games rather than do their homework or projects. In result, they would fail and worst, decide to stop schooling. There could be a lot of effects of playing online computer games to students. It brings psychological impact to a student/gamer. Moreover, computer games affect not only mentally but also physically because gamers became sleepless. They would stay awake for 24 hours just to keep on playing and would even skip meals because they’re...
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...Spillover in Brand Portfolios: Exploring the Antecedents of Asymmetric Effects Jing Lei, Niraj Dawar, & Jos Lemmink Executive Summary Marketers often cultivate brand relatedness in their brand portfolios to increase marketing efficiency through positive spillover of brand equity, but creating linkages between brands may also make them vulnerable to negative spillover in which negative news about a brand can change evaluations of related brands that are not directly implicated. For example, if the Corn Flakes brand is subject to severe quality problems prompting product recalls, consumers might update their evaluations not just of Corn Flakes but also of other Kellogg’s subbrands. The objectives of this research are to examine negative spillover effects in brand portfolios and factors that influence it. The results show that the pattern of spillover is influenced by not only the strength of association between brands but also the directionality of brand association. This finding has implications for the management of negative spillover effect. For example, a crisis at Subbrand A may not influence evaluations of Subbrand B to the same extent that the same crisis at Subbrand B influences evaluations of Subbrand A. Managers need to be aware of this asymmetric spillover to design efficient remedy strategies that avoid exposing brands to unintended risk. To gain a deeper understanding of the asymmetrical spillover effect as a result of association asymmetry, the authors also examined...
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