...what makes the live hood of oral literature. It means that it is the live execution and realization of oral art. It also includes the responses of the audiences before whom the oral artist performs. It involves both the psychological and the physical being of the performer and his or her audiences (Bukenya and Nandwa, 1983). Performance is generally understood as the delivery or rendition of an item usually to an audience (Minuka, 1994). That means performance is the demarcation between the performer and his or her audience. It’s guided by certain tacit regulation to which every participant subscribes. There is an orderly sequence of events and the context of performance defined or recognized, that means there is a logical connection of words. (Lo-Liyong, 1972), defines Oral literature as the cultural information and values transmitted by the spoken word and received by the ear and responded to by the whole organism in societies where writing was (and still is) not yet the order of the day. Folktales, legends, beliefs, poems, proverbs, tales, council discussions are its forms.\ Oral literature allows for self expression, renewal, innovation and creativity. It gives understanding of our routs and ourselves, let say our culture, our thinking, our life style, our values and our whole philosophy of life is based on that culture where it has been transmitted from one generation to the next generation. Oral literature is the kind of literature which is spread by narration...
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...PICO Question Population – Mechanically ventilated intensive care patients. Intervention – Oral care with chlorhexidine. Comparison – Oral care with other chlorhexidine. Outcome – Decreased oropharyngeal pathogen colonization reduces number of VAPs and lowering intubation time, hospital stay, and mortality rate Does the use of chlorhexidine oral care reduce the number of ventilator-acquired pneumonias? More specifically, determine the efficay of chlorhexidine in decontamminating the oral cavity of pathogens in mechanically ventilated intensive care patients based on published scientific literature. Significance of the Problem Pneumonia is the second most common nosocomial infection in the United States and the leading cause of death from nosocomial infections. Critically ill patients are a vulnerable population that is more susceptible to developing nosocomial infections. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) occurs in patients treated with mechanical ventilation, and is associated with a higher incidence in patients treated with continuous ventilatory support. These patients have 8% to 25% risk of developing VAP, and the risk increases by as much as 1% per ventilator day (CDC, 2015). VAP is considered a serious problem, because it extends hospital stay by 6 days or more, has substantial cost implications of up to $40,000 per patient episode, and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality rates (CDC, 2015). Strategies for the reduction and prevention...
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...E‐ISSN:2320‐3137 Review Article INTEGRATING DENTAL INFORMATICS IN PLANNING AN EFFECTIVE ORAL HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM IN INDIA - NEED OF AN HOUR Eshani Saxena*1, Pankaj Goel2 , Chandrashekar BR3, Sudheer Hongal 4 , 1. P.G Student , Dept of public health dentistry ,Peoples dental academy , Bhopal 2. HOD, dept of Public health dentistry AIIMS Bhopal 3. Dept of Public health dentistry, People’s dental academy , Bhopal 4. Reader, Dept of Public health dentistry, People’s dental academy , Bhopal Corresponding author: Dr. Eshani Saxena , P.G Student , Dept of public health dentistry ,Peoples dental academy , Bhopal . Received on 16 Jan 2014, Published on 2 feb 2014 ABSTRACT Technology in dentistry is a novel science and it will continue to grow in future. The research field that study dentistry from a technical perspective is dental informatics. Dental informatics engrosses every discipline in dentistry. To review the existing literature on dental informatics in public health practice and discuss the feasibility of integrating dental informatics in planning effective oral health information system in India. A thorough search for the literature on dental informatics and oral health information system was made in biomedical data bases using the search engine for two weeks by one investigator. The retrieved literature was then organized into primary and secondary sources, softwares in clinical dentistry, softwares for public health informatics etc. The literature focusing on the...
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...CHAPTER ONE METHODOLOGY, THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND LITERATURE REVIEW This chapter sets out to examine the methods used in this study, the importance of methodology in research and it also, examines the types of theories necessary for the study. METHODOLOGY This refers to the theoretical approach(es) employed in the work. It is the systematic study method that are, can be, or have been applied within a discipline. Methodology here refers to both methods of data collection and method of data analyses. Field work is the very first step to come up with this work. The method use in collecting data in this study are based on interviews and personal participation in the performance which serves as primary sources.in order to collect data, the researcher acted as part of the audience meanwhile, the performance was recorded without the performers knowledge because it would have been difficult for materials to be collected through other methods such as dialogue, for example. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK Theoretical framework refers to the concept that are related to the research topic to determine the statistical relationship the paper will measure. The approach that will suit this topic is the sociological approach. In the sociology of literature, Diana Laurenson and Swing Wood argue that: Essentially the scientific objective study of man, society, the study of social processes, seek to answer the question of how society is possible, how it works, why it persists. Through a rigorous...
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...ALABAMA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF EDUCATION SYLLABUS FOR RESEARCH METHODS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION COURSE NUMBER: PED 506 CATALOG DESCRIPTION: Consistent with the College of Education Conceptual Framework, Part IV: Outcomes Context, this course is designed to provide graduate candidates with a knowledge base for scientific investigation. The course includes an overview of the methods and tools of research. Emphasis is on the planning and development of a research proposal. The research proposal will be appropriate for future use in the implementation of the thesis required in selected advanced level graduate programs. TEXTBOOK: Thomas, J. and Nelson, J. (2001). Research Methods in Physical Activity, 4th ed. Champaign: Human Kinetics Books. CREDIT HOURS: 03 INSTRUCTOR: Pat Floyd TELEPHONE: 334-229-4522 OFFICE: JRA 243 OFFICE HOURS: TBA ATTENDANCE POLICY: See University Policy Prepared by: Dr. Pat Floyd, Ph.D. Date: 9/05 Approved by: ___________________________ Date: ____________ Department Chair Approved by: ___________________________ Date: ____________ Dean NOTE: Any candidate requiring alternative formats for testing and/or handouts for this course, or other types of accommodations due to a disabling condition, should advise the instructor within the first week of classes. PURPOSE Consistent with the College of Education Conceptual Framework, Part IV: Outcomes Context...
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...INTRODUCTION Oral literature of folk literature refers to the heritage of imaginative verbal creations, stories, folk believes and songs of pre-literate societies have been evolved and passed on through the spoken word from one generation to the other. As a relatively new field of study. The African literature is a produce within an environment in the predominant of mode of communication is oral. African writers have also been falling back on the rich oral tradition of their people. The extent to see a writer uses the oral tradition is always often determined by his closeness to the Africa oral tradition. The influence of African oral tradition on African poetry helps to authenticate or establish the authencity of Africa literary tradition Orality in Modern African poetry manifest itself in a number of ways. It has to do with both the content as well as the form of African poetry. The most obvious prove that contemporary African poets are indebted to the indigenous poetic tradition of their people is in their interest in rehabilitating and excavating traditional poetic forms. For instance Wole Soyinka ‘IDANRE’ is best understood within the Ijala poetic traditions among the Yoruba culture. The poem in a sense is a form of Ijala as it celebrates Ogun- the god of Iron Kofi Awoonor also models his poem on the traditional poems of abuse among the Ewe of Ghana. Niyi Osundare has also admitted at many of his poems are written in form of ‘oriki’. Each of these poets has been...
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...scientific research, its methodologies, its challenges and its organization. This course permits an understanding of the various decisions and steps involved in preparing a research proposal which includes the problem and its background, literature review, research methodology as well as a critically informed assessment of published research. Also, students will be introduced to a range of research tools, data analysis and will be equipped to plan and organize their research, as well as develop their data collecting instrument. B. COURSE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES: | | | |Course Objectives |On completion of this course, students will be able to: | | |Understand the concepts, approaches and procedures underlying the conduct of research. | | |Develop a research problem, select the appropriate tools and construct data collecting instrument; | | |Prepare a review of literatures and studies relevant to the topic selected which will be of help in preparing a | | |research proposal. ...
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...Successful Transitions: Beginning Graduate Studies Many students find the shift from undergraduate to graduate studies to be more challenging and therefore more surprising than the transition they experienced when they moved from high school to university. There is more reading, more lab time, and more writing. The ideas, discussions, and questions are at a higher level. There’s a reason that not everyone does this! Entering your studies with a clear purpose and sense of direction, informed by a thorough understanding of new responsibilities and expectations, can help you to adapt better to the new demands of Masters and Ph.D. level research, organization, presentation, and writing. Perfectionism. Many academics would characterize themselves as perfectionists. To a certain extent, this is a healthy trait that promotes self-awareness and hard work. However, perfectionism can also be crippling as it can make you feel as if you can’t write a paper or make a comment unless it is absolutely brilliant. Remember, you are a student, not an expert. You are discovering new terms, concepts, and areas of study. Your first draft or class presentation will never be perfect, so don’t put too much pressure on yourself. The Counselling Centre offers excellent support for perfectionism. For more information, visit the Centre’s web site at: http://www.trentu.ca/counselling/ Your Key Responsibilities Common Challenges in Graduate Studies Finding Balance. It is easy to...
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...Background: Tonsillectomy, with or without adenoidectomy, is the most commonly performed surgical procedure among pediatric population in the United States. Tonsillectomy is a surgical procedure of the complete removal of the tonsils and its capsule and often accompanied by removal of adenoids in the presence of sleep disorder breathing. Problem statement: Oral secretions and blood in the oropharynx can cause local irritation or aspiration in patients, who are recovering from anesthesia following adenotonsillectomy (AT) surgery. Gravity plays a significant role in the mobilization of oral and nasal fluids into the lower respiratory tract. Usually, excessive airway secretions among pediatric patient may lead to hypoxemia, hypercarbia, airway...
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...CVEN4030/4031 Honours Thesis A & B Semester 1 & 2, 2014 COURSE DETAILS Units of Credit Contact hours Course Coordinator and Lecturer 6 as agreed with supervisor Associate Professor Ian Turner email: ian.turner@unsw.edu.au office: Room 302 in Civil and Environmental Engineering Building phone: 807 19829 (Water Research Laboratory, Manly Vale) Topic Supervisor as nominated Additional Lecturers INFORMATION ABOUT THE COURSE This course is in two parts. CVEN4030 covers Part A in the first Semester of enrolment, which is a prerequisite for CVEN4031 Part B which is undertaken in the following Session. Prerequisite: Only students having a weighted average as set by the School (currently > 63%) in all courses in Years 1, 2 and 3 will be permitted to undertake the honours thesis. In addition, all courses to the end of Year 3 in the discipline of the thesis topic need to be completed. HANDBOOK DESCRIPTION The thesis may describe directed laboratory, investigatory, design, field or research work on an approved subject and will be completed under the guidance and supervision of a member of the academic staff. This subject must be satisfactorily completed by all students wishing to obtain an honours degree. Online Handbook description is available at MyUNSW: www.handbook.unsw.edu.au/undergraduate/courses/2014/CVEN4030.html www.handbook.unsw.edu.au/undergraduate/courses/2014/CVEN4031.html * PROCEDURE FOR SELECTION AND CONFIRMATION OF A THESIS TOPIC (CVEN4030) Browse online...
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...conditions, such as hypercalcemia of malignancy; Paget’s disease of bone; multiple myeloma; and metastases from distant sites such as breast, thyroid, prostate glands, and lung. The oral form of BPs is indicated in the management of osteoporosis, fibrous dysplasia, and most recently, osteogenesis imperfecta in the pediatric population.2,3 Currently, there are 5 bisphosphonates in clinical use: alendronate (Fosamax; Merck, Whitehouse Station, NJ), risedronate (Actonel; Proctor & Gamble Pharmaceuticals, Cincinnati, OH), ibandronate (Boniva; Roche Pharmaceuticals, Nutley, NY), zoledronate (Zometa; Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ), and pamidronate (Aredia; Novartis Pharmaceuticals). All 5 medications differ in their binding affinity to bone, potency, and duration.2–5 B Osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) is a condition characterized by necrotic exposed bone in the jaws of patients receiving intravenous or oral bisphosphonate therapy. A review of the medical and dental literature reveals that the pathoetiology of ONJ remains unknown and there is no established link that bisphosphonates are the primary cause of this bone pathology. However, there is clinical evidence that Actinomyces may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of bisphosphonate-associated ONJ. Identification and a prolonged course of oral antimicrobial therapy may lead to complete resolution of this actinomycotic osteonecrosis. (Implant Dent...
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...or supporter” (The American Heritage College Dictionary, 1993, p. 16). Adherence, then, is the “process or condition of adhering” or the “faithful attachment; devotion” (The American Heritage College Dictionary, 1993, p. 16). As a nurse practitioner, it is vitally important that we equip our patients with the proper information and instructions regarding treatment regimens to increase adherence and improve patient outcomes. As a nurse practitioner in the area of oncology, medication adherence to chemotherapy and targeted therapy agents, the need for a thorough understanding of adherence, is heightened due to the complexity surrounding the physiological implications of cancer and the pharmacokinetics of the treatment. Not only do the oral chemotherapy/targeted therapy medications have increased number and severity of side effects, they are likely to have more drug interactions and rigid, precise instructions. Most people understand the importance of taking chemotherapy/targeted therapy drugs as prescribed because of the fear that the word ‘cancer’ evokes. To better understand how to increase medication...
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...Malaluan, Heidy B. AAPD-2H CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES AND LITERATURE Foreign literature Many People Practice Oral Health With the fast paced nature of today's world it may seem like there is little time for practicing good oral health habits. After coming home from work, putting together dinner and getting the kids off to bed, it is easy to overlook the importance of things like brushing, flossing and rinsing with mouthwash. However, experts warn that failure to do so could result in conditions like cavities, gingivitis and bad breath. In an effort to battle this complacency, the American Dental Hygienists' Association recently pronounced that October will be National Dental Hygiene Month. Throughout the month, representatives plan on leading public awareness campaigns highlighting the importance of oral health, and how easy it can be to practice healthy habits. "It is imperative to our overall health to have a healthy mouth," said ADHA president Caryn Solie. "Brushing, flossing, rinsing with an anti-microbial mouth rinse and chewing sugar-free gum are easy ways to help avoid issues that could affect the status of your oral health." She added that brushing for as little as two minutes twice per day is enough to help most people prevent cavities and gum disease, and that antibacterial rinses are an effective means for avoiding halitosis. A failure to follow these simple steps could lead to many oral health complications. Initially, plaque begins to build...
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...[pic] JPPSS ELA COURSE GUIDE 2011-2012 ENGLISH I The JPPSS Instructional Sequence Guides are aligned with the LA Comprehensive Curriculum. JPPSS Implementation of Activities in the Classroom Incorporation of activities into lesson plans is critical to the successful implementation of the Louisiana Comprehensive Curriculum. The Comprehensive Curriculum indicates one way to align instruction with Louisiana standards, benchmarks, and grade-level expectations. The curriculum is aligned with state content standards, as defined by grade-level expectations (GLEs), and organized into coherent, time-bound units with sample activities and classroom assessments to guide teaching and learning. The units in the curriculum have been arranged so that the content to be assessed will be taught before the state testing dates. While teachers may substitute equivalent activities and assessments based on the instructional needs, learning styles, and interests of their students, the Comprehensive Curriculum should be a primary resource when planning instruction. Grade level expectations—not the textbook—should determine the content to be taught. Textbooks and other instructional materials should be used as resource in teaching the grade level expectations...
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...Table of Contents Introduction…………………….………………………………………………………………….3 Review of literature………... …………………………………………………………………….3 Framework...............................................................................................................................…... 6 Hypothesis…….. …….……….………………………………………………………………….. 6 Research questions……. …….……………………………………………………………….…...6 Methods…………………….…………………………………………………………………..…4 Design …………………………………..………………………………………………….7 Intervention ……………..……………………………..………………………………….. 7 Sample/Setting …………………….…………………………..……………………………7 Power analysis …………………………………..…………….……………………………8 Instrumentation ...............................................................................................................…...8 Data collection ……………………………………..………….……………………………8 Statistics and data analysis …………………………………………………………….…...9 Expected results …………………………………………………………………………………..9 References cited………………………………………………………………………………….10 Appendix A………………………………………………………………………………………13 Appendix B………………………………………………………………………………………14 Appendix C………………………………………………………………………………………15 Appendix D………………………………………………………………………………………16 Ventilator associated pneumonia and chlorhexidine use in the traumatic brain injured patient Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP), is defined as, a nosocomial pneumonia that develops more than 48 hours following endotrachial intubation and mechanical...
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