...Chapter 1 1.Define Organizational Behaviour (OB) • the study of what people feel think and do in and around organizations • organizations: groups that work interdependantly towards a purpose. • must have structure 2.Explain the foundations of OB theory and knowledge and its research methods • OB is multidisciplinary relates to psychology, sociology, anythropology etc • Three units of analysis: individual, group, orginization • Research Methods : • field studies : real life organizations • case studies : in depth studies of situations • laboratory studies : in controlled environments • survey studies : questionnaires and interviews • meta-analysis : statistics 3.Describe the “systems approach”, the “contingency approach”, and the levels of analysis in understanding behaviour in organizations • Systems approach : • organizations depend upon the external environment • transform inputs into outputs efficiently and effectively • subsystems --> transformation process--> feedback • Contingency approach : OB involves complex relationships, it does not have right or wrong answers just makes hypotheses and uses consistencies to predict behaviour • Levels of Analysis • individual • task performance : goal directed behavior • organizational citizenship : helpfulness above job requirements • counterproductive work behaviours: potentially harms the work environment ...
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...Organisations & Behaviour 1 INTRODUCTION 2 PROCEDURES 3 FINDINGS 3.1 Analyse the factors which influence individual behaviour at work 3.2 Describe the ideas of; Handy, Tuckman & Belbin in relation to effective team working 3.3 Introducing technology into team work affects the behaviour of employees; explain the possible effects on an individual and the team 3.4 Explain 3 relevant motivational theories; highlight how they might explain the differences between the employees in Brown’s earlier production team and those in the present research unit 3.5 The style of leadership used has an effect on the staff motivation; describe and discuss the styles available, commenting on the likely success and impact on staff of each of the styles 3.6 What is the difference between management and leadership? Illustrate with reference to the case study 3.7 Success in organisations depends on motivated individuals’ workings effectively in teams and being led by appropriate management 4 BIBLIOGRAPHY 1 Introduction The aim of this report is to give an overview of Brown’s progress by considering myself as the Research Director. Too give information on different theories that could benefit Brown and to show differences between different styles. Also too give an understanding of individual and group behaviour in organisations and to examine current theories and their application in managing behaviour in the workplace. 2 Procedures This report was made with information...
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...Organization structure can be considered as the perspective through which individuals see their organization and its environment. The structure of an organization will dictate how people interact with each other and their relationship of roles in the organization. If a structure is out-dated or not implemented correctly in a business, it will lead to many problems. These include conflict among employees or departments, confusion of employee roles, and lack of communication / coordination among departments. Yes every company does reach its maturity age after a certain years of its inception, the only way to avoid this is to restructure the organization and create a different brand image. For example, The Tata group was formed when India was in its early stage of the struggle against the British, since its inception, TATA’s main job has been far more than providing a mere job to it’s employees. Workers and their welfare was of utmost priority to the founder, Jamshedji Tata. Tata group of companies flourished a lot for the next 100 years , but in the 1990’s the company’s profits started declining. The company faced a lot of problems, the HR was dysfunctional, there was friction between different subsidiaries. Thus we can see that the system was well inculcated in the company and it seemed extremely hard to change it but it was necessary. And hence the group launched a HR revamp which aimed to tackle the issues internally. Steering committees were set up from the top levels...
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...Introduction In 2009 Pacific Brands reviewed operations throughout its manufacturing sites across Australia. As a result they took the decision to lay off 1850 employees as it wound down the majority of its local manufacturing. The following text will look the contributing factors that influenced this decision and the effects of organisational behaviour made to the remaining work force. In addition when consider how to move forward, Pacific Brands must consider what steps to take to motivate its surviving workforce and the impact that wider environmental factors have on the organisations ability to effectively manage change. Question 1 In many organisations the ability to manage change successfully and transform organisations in an increasingly turbulent world will be a defining factor between those who succeed and those who fail. However, understanding how as individuals or groups such as a workforce transition though any period of change is vital to its successful implementation When exploring human reaction to change Elizabeth Kubler-Ross (Scire 2007) identified five stages people go through to process an event of significant change more commonly known as The Five Stages of Grief. Whilst Kubler-Ross related the grief cycle to experiencing tragedy and loss associated with death or terminal illness her model can be applied to any period of significant trauma such as job loss or in the case of Pacific Brands the significant reduction in its workforce. The Heart of Change...
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...explain something in the case. Johns and Saks (2013) Individual Behaviour * Personality and Learning * e.g., Peterson’s peers refer to him as conscientious. Peterson’s conscientiousness could imply: * he is likely to perform well on most jobs (pg. 47) * he is likely to be an effective leader (pg. 308) * he is likely to contribute to the organizational effectiveness through citizenship behaviour (pg. 139). * Perception, Attribution, and Diversity * e.g., Peterson suspects trying to implement the inventory control system might have lead Curt Andrews to feel resentful and not trusted (pg. 6). * Curt’s perception of trust could explain his resistance to the inventory control system. Specifically, Peterson claims that Curt Andrews resists the inventory control system that was implemented to help Curt plan and coordinate (pg. 6). Curt’s resistance calls attention to a common reason for resisting change; namely, lack of trust (pg. 575). Curt resisted the inventory control systems because he did not trust Peterson’s motives for it. * Equally, perceptions of trust in management are positively related to job satisfaction, organizational commitment, job performance, and organizational citizenship (pg. 101). Curt’s participation in meetings and his issues with coworkers and subordinates may partly stem from his suspicion of Peterson’s motives. * Values, Attitudes, and Work Behaviour * e.g., Curt Andrews was significantly older than anyone else...
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...on the internet as a student is very important and many students use this information for papers or other assignments. Without the ability of identifying credible a student runs the risk of basing an assignment around information that is misguided, disproven, or flat out untrue. This is why students should learn how to not only gather information but also evaluate it for accuracy and credibility. * * Describe three strategies that students can use to identify which search results are worth exploring when using the Internet to research a topic? There are quite a few strategies students can use to identify which search results are worth exploring. Firstly, looking at the URL is the most important strategy to me. Looking for ".org", ".gov", or ".edu" in the URL is very important. The website name is also important when doing research, remembering that sites like Wikipedia are not as credible as TheNationalGeographic.com, for example. Most things ending in “.com” may not be the most credible in all cases but there are a few. That is why you must also check the summary or description of the search results. Looking at the synopsis and examining the related searches listed is very important. The summary may show signs of bias, which can show whether the site is personal, political, or research oriented. At times the synopsis may be vague but this does not mean the search is...
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...February 05, 2013 Strategy from the Outside In: Profiting from Customer Value Write-Up - Part II I. Introduction In Strategy from the Outside In: Profiting from Customer Value, George S. Day and Christine Moorman use research to determine business strategies that separate successful from unsuccessful firms. This write-up shall have a section, titled § II. Brief Summary, which outlines each chapter in Chapters 7 through 13, including the conclusion. This write-up shall also have a section, titled III. Application, which shall apply the material from § II. Brief Summary to a firm (hereinafter "Firm A") with which I worked as a business consultant. Firm A is a multi-national holding company that specializes in acquiring, supporting, and growing its subsidiary companies through accelerated organic growth as well as through acquisitions and/or strategic joint ventures and divestitures. II. Brief Summary Chapter 7. The Third Imperative: Capitalize on the Customer as an Asset For a firm, the profitability of the customer asset - the sum of the discounted long-term profits associated with the customer's purchases and referrals - is based on three principles. First, that a firm must distinguish between behavioral loyalty – the frequency of customer purchases from a firm when a need arises – and attitudinal loyalty – an attachment to the firm and/or its specific products or services. Second, that a firm must manage customers to engage in behaviors that directly...
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...Emotions and Logic in Consumerism Abstract Consumer purchase decisions are often linked to emotions and can lead to impulse and uninformed buying behavior. This creates a problem for marketers who rely on emotional appeals to increase sales. In order for businesses to grow in today’s economy, they must acquire new customers and at the same time retain the old ones. Research indicates that in order for advertising to be most effective in acquiring and retaining new customers, these emotions must also be linked to logic. This paper examines how marketers are using emotions and logic to generate the most sales and retain more customers. Emotions and Logic in Consumerism Advertising can be seen in virtually every aspect of our lives, and is almost inescapable. We encounter it on billboards, radio, every internet site, magazines, cell phone applications, clothing, television, restrooms, gas pumps, and many more sites. This year in the United States, Black Friday sales hit over $1 billion in online sales. The average cost for a 30 second time slot for a Super Bowl commercial was $3.5 million, according to USA Today. Psychologists, marketers and business people worldwide are interested in why consumers consume. What is the driving force behind why someone will spend so much more money on Black Friday as opposed to other days out of the year? And how can a business better exploit these consumers in order to make more money? With so much money involved in our consumption...
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...Consumer Behavior Models in Tourism Analysis Study Muhannad M.A Abdallat, Ph.D. Assistant Professor Hesham El –Sayed El - Emam, Ph.D. Assistant Professor Department of Tourism and Hospitality, Faculty of Tourism and Archeology King Saud University ABSTRACT The theories of consumer decision-making process assume that the consumer’s purchase decision process consists of steps through which the buyer passes in purchasing a product or service. However, this might not be the case. Not every consumer passed through all these stages when making a decision to purchase and in fact, some of the stages can be skipped depending on the type of purchases. The reasons for the study of consumer’s helps firms and organizations improve their marketing strategies by understanding issues such as: • The psychology of how consumers think, feel, reason, and select between different alternatives (e.g., brands, products); • The psychology of how the consumer is influenced by his or her environment (e.g., culture, family, signs, media); • The behavior of consumers while shopping or making other marketing decisions; • Limitations in consumer knowledge or information processing abilities influence decisions and marketing outcome; • How consumers’ motivation and decision strategies differ between products, that differ in their level of importance or interest that they entail for the consumer; and • How marketers can adapt and improve their marketing campaigns and marketing strategies...
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...international environmental groups such as World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and local organisations such as the Auckland Zoo (over the potential loss of Orang-utan forest habitat to palm oil plantations). The negative publicity from the palm oil debate created damaging ‘noise’ for Cadbury’s ongoing worldwide ethical brand building efforts and its high profile announcements that it would shortly be using the Fairtrade logo for the flagship Dairy Milk brand in key global markets, including Australia and New Zealand (Fairtrade Foundation 2009). Less than three months later Cadbury caved into the conservationists’ demands and reversed their palm oil policy (e.g. New Zealand Herald 17th August 2009). This case study illustrates the relevance of buyer behaviour theories...
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...OrContents Part III/ The usefulness of motivational theory for managers. 2 1. Distinction between Maslow’s Theory and Hertzberg’s Theory of motivation 2 2. Application for Manager 3 3. Apply to LG Electronics 4 Part IV. Understand mechanisms for developing effective teamwork in organizations 4 4.1. Explain the nature of groups and group behaviour within organisations. 4 A. Definition 4 1. Group and group behavior 4 2. Group norms 7 3. Group decision-making 8 4. Group contribution 10 5. Formal and Informal group 11 6. Advantages and disadvantages of informal organisation 12 B. Apply in LG Electronics: 13 4.2: The factors that may promote or inhibit the development of effective teamwork in organizations 13 A: Definition 13 4.1.1: Inhibit the Group 14 4.1.2: Successful teamwork 16 B: Application for LGE 20 4.3 Evaluate the impact of technology on team functioning within a given organization 22 A: Definition 22 4.3.1 The importance of technology in business 23 4.3.2 The important of technology in team 23 4.3.3. Virtual teams of technology 24 4.3.4 Critical Success Factors of Virtual Teams 26 B: Application 27 CONCLUSION 30 Part III/ The usefulness of motivational theory for managers. 1. Distinction between Maslow’s Theory and Hertzberg’s Theory of motivation | Maslow’s Theory of Motivation | Hertzberg’s Theory of Motivation | Meaning | Maslow’s theory is based on the concept of human needs and their satisfaction. | Hertzberg’s theory is based...
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...Good and poor examples of executive summaries This is a GOOD example from an Accounting & Finance assignment. Footnote Executive Summary This report provides an analysis and evaluation of the current and prospective profitability, liquidity and financial stability of Outdoor Equipment Ltd. Methods of analysis include trend, horizontal and vertical analyses as well as ratios such as Debt, Current and Quick ratios. Other calculations include rates of return on Shareholders Equity and Total Assets and earnings per share to name a few. All calculations can be found in the appendices. Results of data analysed show that all ratios are below industry averages. In particular, comparative performance is poor in the areas of profit margins, liquidity, credit control, and inventory management. The report finds the prospects of the company in its current position are not positive. The major areas of weakness require further investigation and remedial action by management.Recommendations discussed include: improving the average collection period for accounts receivable· improving/increasing inventory turnover· reducing prepayments and perhaps increasing inventory levels The report also investigates the fact that the analysis conducted has limitations. Some of the limitations include: forecasting figures are not provided nature and type of company is not known nor the current economic conditions data limitations as not enough information is provided or enough detail...
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...Fortune Magazine’s 100 Best Companies To Work For MGT 415: Group Behavior in Organizations Professor Catherine Piepenbrink June 2, 2014 In reviewing the most recent results of FORTUNE Magazine's annual ranking of America's “100 Best Companies to Work For”, we look at three of the companies noted. In reviewing the descriptions of the work environments, we will identify elements that appear to foster employee motivation and group cohesion among employees. Also, we will relate this analysis to the material presented in our text. Company 1: Boston Consulting Group (#3) Boston Consulting Group’s career page seems focused on team member individuality, diverse backgrounds that benefit the group or team as a whole. Teams are created for each client, each team member’s education and experiences becoming a piece to the puzzle of finding a way to fulfill the clients needs. Boston Consulting Group boasts they value ideas of individuals and their teamwork over seniority and hierarchy. This gives the consultants at Boston Consulting Group a sense of equality and cohesiveness, opening the door for more input and ideas being shared. They appear to be women and minority focused, having initiatives listed for many different groups (Asian, Black, Hispanic, Lesbian/Gay/Bisexual/Transsexual and Women). By having a large diversity, they are able to meet client’s needs from all areas of business, all over the world. This gives a welcoming...
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...An Analysis on How to Handle Dysfunctional Customers And how they affect on Food Servers in selected Restaurants at Eastwood City ------------------------------------------------- A Method of Research and Thesis Paper Presented to the Faculty of the Hotel and Restaurant Management Arellano University - Pasig ------------------------------------------------- In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement for the Degree in Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management Presented By: Calinao, Loreinn G. Tierra, Alyssa Marie G. Encio, Mary Bless Estrada, Erik E. Romero, Jerry Arellano University – Pasig Pag-Asa St. Brgy. Caniogan Pasig City Approval Sheet In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management this Method of Research entitled “AN ANALYSIS ON HOW TO HANDLE DYSFUNCTIONAL CUSTOMERS AND HOW THEY AFFECT FOOD SERVERS IN SELECTED RESTAURANTS IN EASTWOOD CITY” was prepared and submitted to the College of Hotel and Restaurant Management. PROF. LOUIE REYES Adviser Approved by the members of panel on October 2014. With a grade of ____ ________________________________________ Chairman _______________ _______________ _______________ Member Member Member Accepted in partial fulfillment of Bachelor of Science in Hospitality and Restaurant Management PROF. KATHERINE GUEVARRA ...
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...2014 8/1/2014 Impact of Ethical Consumerism on Businesses; Sainsbury’s as case study Contents Executive Summary 2 Introduction 2 Ethical Consumerism Types or Categories 2 Sainsbury’s as a case Study 4 Opinion Survey on Consumerism 4 Conclusion and Recommendations 5 Bibliography 6 Executive Summary In a ethnicity of plenty, where organisation are selling very similar products at almost the same price, and of the same quality to even the similar consumers, These consumers are free of charge to make use of other, ethical criteria in making their choice between opposite options. There are definitely different levels of ethical consumption - with some people being highly morals determined, while some are just getting on a generally satisfactory bandwagon. The reality still that there is a rising crowd of ethical consumers which need to be taking seriously. Because now it is very easy to be an ethical consumer The Internet, press, and magazines are all spreading company’s information about where and how their products and services are being generated. Blogs and customer help desk are also help customers who by one way or the other had terrible experience or who have important inside information to obtain immediate international exposure. Exposing unethical conduct and practices is a definite title for journalists, so business organisation is under more enquiry than before. Businesses like Sainsbury’s are carefully but continuously examining how well they are...
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