...V March 1989 WID, WAD, GAD: TRENDS IN RESEARCH AND PRACTICE Eva M. Rathgeber* International Development Research Centre Ottawa * The views expressed here are those of the author and This paper was do not necessarily reflect those of IDRC. originally presented at the meetings of the Canadian Institute for the Advancement of Women held in Quebec City, November 1988. 2 During the past few years, the term "women in development" has become common currency both inside and outside academic settings. But while "women in development" or "WID", is understood integration of women into global processes the of to mean economic, political and social growth and change, there often is confusion about the meaning of two more recent acronyms, This paper will begin with assumptions embedded look at the in an "WID," "WAD" and "dAD". examination of meanings and "WAD" and "GAD" and then will extent to which differing views of the relationship between gender and development have influenced research, policymaking and international agency thinking since the mid1960s. it is suggested that each term has been associated with a varying set of assumptions and has led to the formulation of different strategies for the participation of women in development strategies. ORIGINS 1. women in Development The term "women in development" came into use in the early 1970s, after the publication of Ester Boserup's Economic Development (1970). Boserup was Women's Role in...
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...V March 1989 WID, WAD, GAD: TRENDS IN RESEARCH AND PRACTICE Eva M. Rathgeber* International Development Research Centre Ottawa * The views expressed here are those of the author and This paper was do not necessarily reflect those of IDRC. originally presented at the meetings of the Canadian Institute for the Advancement of Women held in Quebec City, November 1988. 2 During the past few years, the term "women in development" has become common currency both inside and outside academic settings. But while "women in development" or "WID", is understood to mean the integration of women into global processes of economic, political and social growth and change, there often is confusion about the meaning of two more recent acronyms, "WAD" and "dAD". This paper will begin with in an examination of meanings and "WAD" and "GAD" and assumptions embedded look at the "WID," then will extent to which differing views of the relationship between gender and development have influenced research, policymaking and international agency thinking since the mid1960s. it is suggested that each term has been associated with a varying set of assumptions and has led to the formulation of different strategies for the development strategies. participation of women in ORIGINS 1. women in Development The term "women in development" came into use in the early Women's Role in 1970s, after the publication of Ester Boserup's Economic Development (1970). Boserup was the...
Words: 6049 - Pages: 25
...Managing Change Initiatives: Fantasy or Reality? The Case of Public Sector Organisations Ebrahim Soltani University of Kent Business School, Canterbury, UK Pei-chun Lai University of Strathclyde Business School, Glasgow, UK Abstract It is becoming a commonplace statement that change initiative programmes are key tools to organisational long-term success. To this end, the last two decades have witnessed a surge of interest in the take-up of various change initiative programmes. Organisational change initiatives, we are told by many commentators, can maximise shareholder value (i.e. economic value theory) and develop organisational capabilities (i.e. organisational capability theory). Specifically, in recent years, as companies have been confronted by the conditions of heightened competition, globalisation, advancements in communications and information technologies, economic recession and simultaneously search for excellence, so the desire to take up change initiatives has interested the majority of leading organisations. At the same time, however, the analysis of the prospects for the majority of change management tools reveals so many deep-seated barriers to change with the consequence of little success in practice. This paper explores this apparent contradiction, arguing that, despite a heightened interest in the take-up of change initiatives, very few change programmes produce an improvement in bottom-line, exceed the company’s cost of capital, or even improve service...
Words: 14539 - Pages: 59