...internal environment of an organization including the shared beliefs and values that influence the behavior of organizational members” (Schermerhorn, Hunt, & Osborn, 2005). What are some of the observable characteristics of the culture of an organization? Such recognizable aspects include the stories, rituals, and other symbols that talk about the organization’s culture and operations, e.g., heroic organizational accomplishments, standardized activities done to influence members, and other rituals and cultural symbols that transmit cultural meaning. Other observable aspects are the rules and roles that culture specifies such as the many types of appropriate actions (rules) and the status of its members in the social system (roles). The organization and its members have a common shared meaning and cultural aspects and perceptions that others outside of the organization may not see (Schermerhorn, et. al., 2004). II. Organizational Behavior BusinessDictionary.com defines organizational behavior as the “actions and attitudes of individuals and groups toward one another and towards the organization as a whole, and its effect on the organization’s functioning and performance” (BusinessDictionary.com). One notices the observable aspects of organizational behavior with the way employees greet each other in the workplace, the way they smile and talk to each other, the way they react to their superiors, the way they talk and feel about the organization, the way they uphold...
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...Organizational Structure Priscilla Navarro MGT/230 November 1, 2012 Carmen Pascaretti Organizational Structure Every organization has a structure and functions that have responsibilities to the organization to make it successful as a whole. The following will explain how the organization was developed and organized. Each function or department leader is responsible for the process in each department and how it will process for production. Each department is responsible to deliver the best possible work ethic and work together as a team to produce the most effective and efficient job performance. The organizational structure featured is that of the City of El Mirage. Government is somewhat different than a business or retail organization. It consists of a Mayor and council members who are elected by the residents of the city. They hire a City Manager who runs the city but answers to the Mayor and council. The City Manager hires Directors of the different departments who hire managers to run the sub departments who hire the employees who work to make the city run. Other organizations have CEO’s who run the business. Cutter Aviation which is a family owned business that operates a FBO (fixed base operation) for private and corporate aircraft. It was started by a William P. Cutter in 1928 and when his children became old enough to help in the business he appointed his son CEO and daughter CFO. The CEO ran the sales and business portion of the business and the CFO ran...
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...The Organization Structure of Walmart An essential part of Walmart’s culture is to constantly look for ways to be more successful. On January 28th, 2010,Walmart released a report of its organizational realigning. This realigning was an attempt by Walmart to create a more efficient organization and to be better equipped to react to it customers demands. Walmart made the decision to re-organize its three United States operations into three geographic units within the United States and then appoint a president to each unit. These units were changed to Walmart South, Walmart North, and Walmart West. Walmart also stated that in the United States it would be bringing all of their operations together into three operating divisions as well. These operational categories would be Store Operations, Real Estate, and Logistics all under one leadership team. This divisional approach and structure works to Walmart's benefit because each division is unrestricted, when it comes to focusing their strengths on specific areas such as customers, service, and product. Tightening the focus permits Walmart to efficiently identify individual procedures and processes that need adjustment and to make modifications appropriately. As a result, of this organizational realigning, Walmart was able to reduce approximately 300 positions in the corporate support areas (Walmart, 2014). This divisional structure and approach is working for Walmart's advantage because each division is able to focus its energies...
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...Network organization structures are businesses contracted to perform multi-tasked outsourcing functionalities for other companies. Whatever the client company specializes in, the network structure will perform all the other supply chain activities. The object is the minimize boundaries within the supply chain (Nelson, D. L., & Quick, J. C. 2006). Network organizations adapt to unstable conditions, when problems and requirements for action arise which cannot be broken down and distributed among specialists' roles within a hierarchy. ... Jobs lose much of their formal definition ... Interaction runs laterally as much as vertically. Communication between people of different ranks tends to resemble lateral consultation rather than vertical command (http://ccs.mit.edu/papers/CCSWP192/ccswp192.html#2). In the recent years, innovative organizational structures explored where the boundary within the organization is more flexible and more permeable allowing a faster knowledge transfer. Other types of structures have been “Modular organizations” and “Virtual Organizations”, these organizational ideas revolve around knowledge sharing for better operational decision-making. Modular, Virtual, and Boundary less organizational structures are optimized for faster information creation and sharing. In today’s information driven world, it makes sense to have an organizational structure to exploit faster movement of information (http://www.geocities.com/akottolli/Business_Organization_and_Structure...
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...The Structure and Organization of Brown Industries MGT/230 January 16, 2014 Suzanne Dunham The Structure and Organization of Brown Industries Dr. Graeme Edwards said, “It’s not the plan that is important, it’s the planning”. Just like the diversity of people there are equally diverse businesses. Companies are managed and organized in different ways. Each organizational structure has its own management style. The organizational structure and design is determined by the business needs. A very critical management development is the understanding that collaboration is a must. Different departments and divisions must cooperate efficiently with each other in order to succeed. This idea leads to vertical and horizontal organization. Vertical structure focuses on the hierarchy and authority while horizontal focuses on the functional divisions of a business. Establishments are organized by two central conceptions of differentiation and integration. Differentiation and integration break down the company so duties are delegated in a balanced way. Differentiation is defined as various parts that the business is made up of that work on different types of duties, with different abilities and labor types. Integration is defined as separate parts that are assembled so that labor is harmonized into a complete good or service. The intricacy of the full package of the company would be too much for just one person, so the work is separated into smaller responsibilities among departments...
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...American Diabetes Association Name of Student Institutional Affiliation Organizational Structure of the American Diabetes Association There are various health care organizations and facilities in America and across other parts of the world. They are involved in the provision of different services. The success of each of these organizations depends significantly on their structural organization, strategic plans, as well as their goals and organizational objectives. The vision and mission of the association also play a critical role in promoting their success, growth, and development. One such healthcare association is the American Diabetes Association. Its role is to ensure that patients in the rural areas receive adequate services to manage the condition, as well as the city residents. This paper discusses the organizational structure of the organization. It defines the vision and mission statements and draws the relationship between the statements and the strategic plans of the American Diabetes Association. Additionally, new programs that could be incorporated into the services that the organization offers are recommended. The American Diabetes Association The American Diabetes Association is based at Alexandria in the state of Virginia in the United States of America. It was established in 1940. It has developed into one of the key medical organizations in the US. It plays a crucial role in combatting diabetes. Its primary aim is to help in fighting...
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...Every type of company or organization that exists operates with a certain organizational structure. However, the organizational structure is tailored to best meet the needs and services of the company. Organizational structures are used as a means of communicating how business will take place within an organization. The structure of an organization is important to the main areas that make an organization function effectively. Organization functions and designs determine the organizational structure. Memphis City Schools has a horizontal organizational structure. Although a horizontal structure exists as the overall structure at the executive level, a vertical structure is also in place at the management/staff level. The main structure for Memphis City Schools is called the executive cabinet. Each member of the executive cabinet is responsible for the main departments of the entire school district. Each executive member reports directly to the School Superintendent. The Superintendent, along with Internal Audits, and General Counsel reports directly to the Board of Commissioners. Chief of Staff is also under the Superintendent with a direct report from Policy and Legislation. The Chief of Staff has to be ready to act and decide for the Superintendent in the event the Superintendent is unable to perform. The organizational structure of Memphis City Schools is similar to the structure of the Methodist hospital, because there are so many departments, legal issues, laws, and procedures...
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...The Organization of International Business Organizational structure at Procter and Gamble Procter and gamble unique organizational structure offers the global scale benefits of an international company and the local focus to be relevant for customers in roughly 180 countries where their brands are solid. The company corporate structure provides the framework that allows them to tap the benefits of a global operation keep them in touch with local communities, and their strong governance practices ensure that they carry out operations with consistently high standard and integrity. Procter and gamble have made their organization structure an important part of their capability to grow. It combines global scale benefits with a local focus to win with consumers and retail customers in each country where P & G products are sold. Procter and gamble recently grouped its global business units into four industry-based sectors as part of the company’s on-going plan to improve business performance. The businesses in each sector are focused on common consumer’s benefits, share common technologies and face common competitors. Procter and gamble structure has removed many of the traditional overlaps and inefficiencies that exist in many large companies. Four organizational structure Procter and gamble uses: Market development organizations: are charged with knowing consumers and retailers in each market where Procter and gamble competes and integrating the...
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...Organizational Structure MGT/521 September 19, 2013 Jet's Blue's Organizational Structure The team analyzed Jet Blue’s organizational structure and has determined that the current structure is not effective. All of the airline’s direction comes from the upper management that oversees the lower level units. Jet Blue’s structure reflects a hierarchy structure. The structure should reflect a relationship between the CFO, COO, CCO, CIO, as well as other lower level structures. In order for the CFO to know how funds are spent interaction must take place on the same level. Currently the chart reflects everyone reporting to the CEO. It does not appear that there is any interaction happening on the second tier across. In order to know the strategic plan the lower level employees need to be involved within the organizational chart. Currently this industry is competitive, and other companies are offering the same fares as Jet Blue. Therefore, the organization needs to review its strength, weaknesses, opportunity, and threats. In order for the airlines to be successful the COO and the CFO need a game plan, as well as the operational supervisors. After all the goal of the airlines needs to be preserved. The concept is to attract and retain passengers. In order to receive feedback the organization chart should be reconstructed to reflect an effective structure between units. In this industry not only are you to be competitive in the industry, but also the organization must...
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...Essay1:- Imagine your new CEO wants to reorganize the AAA Management Company so it is more efficient and effective. Look at the model below and analyze the CEO’s reorganization plan. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of the structure he proposed, and then reorganize the structure so it provides optimal benefits to operations of the company. AAA Management's New Organizational Structure | CIO | CEO | CTO | CPO | Vice Presidents | CSO CKO | Managers | Analysts | Essay Answer1:- Let’s look at the different roles and responsibility of title listed above before going into discussion for effective reorganization. CEO: The job title, CEO (Chief executive officer), refers to the head of an organization as in the person who presides over or is in charge of an organization. The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is the highest ranking executive manager in a corporation or organization. The CEO has specific responsibilities depending on the needs of his or her organization. The job description of a CEO varies by organization. Creating, communicating, and implementing the organization’s vision, mission, and overall direction. Leading the development and implementation of the overall organization strategy. http://humanresources.about.com/od/job-titles/f/Chief-Executive-Officer-Ceo-Do.htm CIO: The CIO position emerged in the early 1980s in response to the pervasive use of IT in firms and the emergence of the information...
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...Foundations of Organization Structure What is Organizational Structure ? An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided, grouped, and coordinated. 6 (Six) Key Elements design of organization’s structure: 1. Work Specialization 2. Departmentalization 3. Chain of Command 4. Span of Control 5. Centralization and Decentralization 6. Formalization Work Specialization Work Specialization defines the degree to which tasks in an organization are subdivided into separate jobs Advantages At the beginning, Increases employee skills through repetition Less between-job downtime increases productivity Specialized training is more efficient Allows use of specialized equipment Increases efficiency and productivity Weakness When not widely practiced, Human diseconomies likes boredom, fatigue, stress, low productivity, poor quality, increased absenteeism, and high turnover HOW TO SOLVE HUMAN DISECONOMIES ? • GIVING EMPLOYEES A VARIETY OF ACTIVITIES TO DO • ALLOWING TO DO A WHOLE AND COMPLETE JOB • PUTTING INTO TEAMS WITH INTERCHANGEABLE SKILLS OFTEN TO ACHIEVE SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER OUTPUT AND INCREASE SATISFACTION. Departmentalization Departmentalization defines the basis by which jobs in an organization are grouped together. The ways to grouped activities by : 1. Functions Performed (engineering, accounting, marketing, purchasing, personnel and etc. departments) 2. The type of product or service (Tide, Pampers, Meats...
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...goal. In this case, making sure that the widgets are being produced with little to no defects, and being sent out in a timely manner while keeping costs down. The objective is to design an organization motivation plan that will encourage the team to work and achieve this goal. Highly motivated individuals can make a huge difference to the overall attitude of a team and the production. The first step in developing a motivated team is being able to understand what a team really is. According to Organizational Behavior, “A team is a group of people holding themselves collectively accountable for using complementary skills to achieve a common purpose.” (Schermerhorn, Jr., Osborn, Uhl-Bien, & Hunt, 2012) Team work then occurs when the members of the team take collective accountability to reach and accomplish the common goal. In this case, there are fifty employees in various departments of the manufacturing company. All must come together and work collectively as a team to achieve the common goal of designing, producing, and selling the widgets. Each role of the sales, assembly, technology, and administration, all work collectively... One of the many factors that form the driving force behind a successful organization, human resource is one of the most critical ones. A successful organization needs to have the right set of people doing the right kind of jobs. With every profile of work comes an expectation of appropriate compensation. It is more often than not decided based on...
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...The organisational structure for Tesco is huge and complex, given that Tesco is such a large company with so many different levels. It delegates a lot of roles to a lot of people, and down the ladders of management there are many teams, sub teams, managers and sub managers that deal with all the issues that relate to the everyday success of Tesco as a business. Tesco is a multi-national company, too, meaning that there are delegated roles that spread across the world, too. A flat organisational structure would simply not work for Tesco, as so many roles both financial, administrative and otherwise must be performed if it has any chance of surviving in the competitive market that it operates in. Given that Tesco is already operating in the crowded market of ‘supermarket’s in the United States, taking on Wal Mart and other big competitors and currently not doing all that well, it’s important for Tesco to maintain an organisational structure that sees different teams and different departments focusing on their own problems and creating their own solutions - instead of implementing an autocratic leadership style that could potentially ruin their whole business plan. As one of the world’s biggest supermarket chains, operating in an international market, it’s important for the company to remember that every department and every little branch of the company is incredibly important. Without its thousands of employees and without all of its departments, communication and other...
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...1; Understand the relationship between Organization structure and Culture: 1.1 Tall Organization Structure: It is a pyramid shape structure characterized with large number of levels of middle management. The structure of hierarchy increases with less span of control at each level. Opportunities provided for career progression and promotion is high. It is more complex and complicated in nature. It is bureaucratic in nature. Each level of structure may have different style of working, different rules and procedures. Though line of communication is short and clear but decision making could be slow due to many levels of hierarchy. Maintenance of tall structure requires high cost due to number of manpower required. It is common in organizations where decisions are taken at lower level. Flat Organization Structure: Flat structure is less number of management levels and is also called as horizontal structure. Decision making process is decentralized. Level of responsibility is high at base level. Top management directly communicate with the base employees. Similarly, employees provide their feedback and suggestions to the top management that improvise the decision making and increase the productivity. Lines of communication are short. It may result into heavy workload on employees. It incurs low cost. Such kind of structure is mainly seen at small business organization. Centralized and Decentralized Structure: In Centralized structure, decisions are taken by top management....
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...can be complex and stressful. Constant change is commonplace in the modern workplace. Specific factors driving change include changes in the work itself, structural and organizational design alterations, shift to the global economy, and increased diversity. There is often resistance to change in organizations. This is usually traced to some combination of individual, group, or organizational characteristics, including the design structure of the organization, changing systems and programs, changing organizational policies, and the organizational culture. Organizations need to remain compatible with their external environments. However, the environments in which organizations operate are constantly changing, so they must recognize the shifts and respond accordingly in order to survive and remain effective. Successful organizations monitor their environment and take appropriate steps to maintain a compatibility with the new external conditions. Given the increasing amount of change that organizations experience, it is critical that all employees learn strategies to manage change and cope with change. Rather than resisting change, employees and successful organizations embrace change as an integral part of organizational life. Learning Outcomes • Explain factors influencing the need for change • Describe reasons why people resist organizational change • Describe strategies to minimize resistance to change • Describe Lewin's model of force...
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