MGMT 3720: Chapter 9 –Foundations of Group Behavior
Group – two or more individuals, interacting, and interdependent, who have come together to achieve particular objectives
Formal Group – A designated work group defined by an organization’s structure
Informal Group – a group that is neither formally structured nor organizationally determined; such a group appears in response to the need for social contact
Social identity theory – perspective that considers when and why individuals consider themselves members of groups
Ingroup Favoritism –Perspective in which we see members of our ingroup as better than other people, and people not in our group as all the same
Several Characteristics make a social identity important to a person: A.) Similarity B.) Distinctiveness C.) Status D.) Uncertainty Reduction
5 Stage Group development model – the five distinct stages groups go through: forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning
Forming Stage –the first stage in group development, characterized by much uncertainty
Storming Stage – the second stage in group development, characterized by intragroup conflict
Norming Stage – The third stage in group development, characterized by close relationships and cohesiveness
Performing Stage –the fourth stage in group development, during which the group is fully functional
Adjourning Stage –the final stage in group development for temporary groups, characterized by concern with wrapping up activities rather than task performance.
Punctuated-Equilibrium Model – A set of phases that temporary groups go through that involves transitions between inertia and activity
Role – A set of expected behavior patterns attributed to someone occupying a given position in a social unit
Role Perception –an individual’s view of how he or she is supposed to act in a given situation
Role Expectations – How others