Task 1
Define the word organisation culture and the various types of culture that are available to an organisation stating advantages and disadvantages of each of them. Identify and describe the different types of organisation structures and the argument for and against the structures of Tarmac and enterprise.
Understanding an organisation means understanding its culture (Open university, website)
Organisation culture can be define as a group of specific elements, these elements are the foundation and roots of this specific group its beliefs, values, norms, language, symbols, effort, reward, rites, myths.
These elements of Organisation culture can be classified according to (D Rollinson, Organisational Behaviour and analyses) as internal and external elements that have worked well to be considered valuable. based on his analyses; other disciplines may be involved such as anthropology, sociology and social psychology, his argument was based on the pattern of behaviours and ways that people do communicate and interact, so organisation’s culture are carried in people’s minds.
He illustrated (page 539) Shein’s layered conceptualisation of culture, the diagram shows on first level the basic assumption of the individuals and the firm and the decision makers and on the layer above values and beliefs, honesty, basic of reward, effort and trust and last is the external level of the artefacts and creations which covers norms and language, myths, stories, taboos, symbols.

Various types of organisation culture:
From the previous approach we can extract the two elements that may have a big impact on the organisation’s culture; internal and external elements. So the Four Types of Organisational Culture are:

Environmental adaptation
High
Competitive Culture | Learning Culture | Bureaucratic Culture | Participative Culture | Low