...Industrial and Organizational Psychology Paper Janeen Tipton PSY/435 September 3, 2012 Saakshi Malik Industrial and Organizational Psychology Paper In the realm of science there are many fields of psychology; clinical, abnormal, child development and industrial psychology. Out of those, industrial/organizational (I/O) psychology not only deals with the individual, but also the organizations that such individuals may be employed at. It is theorized that the early development began in 1885 but to better understand the development one must have a clear view of what an I/O psychologists is and what their main objectives are as well as how research and statistics play a crucial role. Industrial and Organizational Psychology Industrial and Organizational psychology (I/O) psychology is the study of organizations and how scientifically-based solutions to human problems in the work place (American Psychological Association, 2012, p.1. para. 1). Such areas that I/O psychologists would have knowledge due to some form of training done at the doctorial level are: • Assessment methods • Job Analysis • Career Development • Job Evaluation, Performance, and Work Motivation • Business Skills (American Psychological Association, 2012, p. 1) There are services that an I/O will and can provide to the company/organization for which one is employed. These services include aiding with the hiring process by forming...
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...Industrial/Organizational Psychology Paper (PSY435) Industrial/Organizational Psychology Paper The field of industrial and organizational (I/O) psychology has been studied since the infancy of psychology itself (Spector, 2008). In the beginning, I/O psychology was wholly concerned with the industrial side of the field—which concentrated on the management aspects of business and emphasized human resources—as opposed to the organization side, which is concerned with improving work conditions in the workplace. Yet, as the field has grown over the years it has come to include the full spectrum of industry and organization. Strictly speaking, I/O psychology is defined as, “…an applied field that is concerned with the development and application of scientific principles to the workplace” (Spector, 2008, p. 5). On a practical level, the aim of I/O psychology is to, “…improve the quality of the environment for employees as well as to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of employee behavior in that environment” (Barnes-Holmes et. al., 2006, p. 56). The concise definition and practical application of I/O psychology are only the capstone to an understanding of the length and breadth of the field. A full examination of the evolution of I/O psychology as well as an explanation of the role that research and statistics play in I/O psychology are needed to form the foundation on which the capstone is placed. Evolution of I/O Psychology I/O psychology has its roots in the late 1800s...
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...Industrial/Organizational Psychology Samantha Trudeau PSY/435 March 26, 2012 Kristi Zimmerman Industrial/organizational psychology is an area of study that has been studied since the early times of psychology (Spector, 2008). At first, industrial/organizational psychology only concentrated on the industrial side of the field. The industrial side of this field dealt with management part of businesses and placed emphasis on human resources. On the other hand, the organizational side of the spectrum is concerned with improving workplaces and working conditions. However, as this area of study has grown over time it has began dealing with the full spectrum of industry and organization. Organizational/industrial psychology is explained as an applied field that concentrates on the development and application of scientific principles to the work environment (Spector, 2008). A more practical view of industrial/organizational psychology is that it is used to improve the quality of the work environment for the employees and to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of employee behavior in that environment (Barnes-Holmes et. al., 2006). The ancestry of industrial/organizational psychology begins in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s. It was at this time that the early psychologists were attempting to combine psychology with the organization of business’s (Spector, 2008). There are two scientists in particular that are...
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...Organizational Psychology Paper Job Satisfaction Paper Rough Draft What is job satisfaction? The answer to the popular question can be as unique as each individual that the question is presented to. According to Christen and Soberman, there is a significant relationship between the effort an employee puts forth on the job, their job performance and their job satisfaction (Christen & Soberman, 2006). However, the question still lingers of what exactly is job satisfaction. Job satisfaction is essential component within any organization and needs to be clearly defined. Managers and organizational leaders must have a clear understanding of what job satisfaction is before they can effectively address the subject with their employees. Jex and Britt provided a basic definition of job satisfaction that simply states job satisfaction is “an employee’s overall evaluation of his or her job as favorable or unfavorable” (Jex & Britt, 2008). The components that are included in determining an employee’s level job satisfaction are the feelings, thoughts and behaviors that are associated with their job. In addition to determining the components that are included in gauging an employee’s level of satisfaction, there are also various indicators. An employee can express their level of job satisfaction in a number of ways. Employees can express their satisfaction or dissatisfaction verbally, physically or emotional. Employees can express their job satisfaction verbally...
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...Organizational Psychology Fred Sanford PSY428 July 13, 2011 Dr. Love Less Organizational Psychology Modern businesses must stay on the cutting edge in order to ensure success in the ever changing and highly competitive corporate environment. Paramount to this success is the application of organizational psychology which focuses on the human factor of business. Close examination of the root definition, roles of research and statistics, and utilization of organizational psychology within organizations will provide insight into just how the human factor contributes to the failure or success of an organization. The finely tuned sports team, that just achieved greatness, or the corporation that collapsed due to corruption contained one thing, people who had either a positive or negative impact on an organization. “Organizational psychology is field that utilizes scientific methodology to better understand the behavior of individuals working in organizational settings” (Jex & Britt, 2008, p.1). The simple explanation is to understand what makes people tick in an organizational environment such as a business. Once understood, the challenge to organizational psychology is to capitalize on dynamics of individual behaviors and build upon the success of the organization. The role of research and statistics in organizational psychology is crucial to understanding how an organization functions. Research is accomplished in numerous ways; archival data studies, survey studies...
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...Organizational Psychology is studying the behavior of employees in the workplace and of the ways in which people interact in the organization. The market of goods is a world of fast pacing, always in hurry, and meeting deadlines has become stressful to most employees (Hausknecht, 2004). Some employees have become so stressful that he or she ends up quitting his or her job. The organization hires an organizational psychologist to come in and be a part of the team. Organizational psychologist will screen and study all its employees, and the organization to conduct research (Hausknecht, 2004). Organizational psychologist provides understanding to the research study on certain decisions that the organization has to decide on, help with the performance of the employees, and selecting the right employee for the right job (Dirks, 2002). Organizational psychology is a field that tackles every part of the company that makes the organization who it is. Organizational psychologist can design skills, tools, and even methods that is effective for the company’s success (Dirks, 2002). Organizational psychology is an area that makes use of the scientific method to further comprehend the actions of persons functioning in organizational backgrounds. Additionally this information is utilized, in an assortment of techniques, in order to assist in making organizations more successful (Dirks, 2002). Successful groups are characteristically more constructive, frequently offer better quality assistance...
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...RUNNING HEADER: Job Satisfaction Team Paper Job Satisfaction Team Paper PSY428 June 21, 2010 Maria Cuddy-Casey Job Satisfaction Team Paper With today’s ever-changing, stressful environment individual job satisfaction is critical to the success of any organization. Today’s individuals are looking for more than a job; they are searching for a career that will challenge them, allowing them to grow and progress within the organization. They need a sense of accomplishment while allowing the flexibility to be creative. It is these employees who find satisfaction in their positions. They are more productive, efficient, and effective; contributing to success of the company. The purpose of this paper is to define job satisfaction and its affect within the workplace. It will explain the impact that organizational socialization has on job satisfaction as well as providing an example of how an organization can use organizational socialization to positively impact job satisfaction. Finally, it will describe the relationship between organizational commitment and job satisfaction as well as providing an example of how an organization can use organizational commitment to positively impact job satisfaction. Define Job Satisfaction Employees who are happy and content at work are satisfied with their job. Employers are placing more emphasis on employee job satisfaction. Employees who are satisfied with their job have better retention, camaraderie with fellow staff...
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...Organizational Psychology Paper Gerald D. Sash University of Phoenix Organizational Psychology PSY/428 Denisha White April 19, 2010 Organizational Psychology Paper To understand the full concept of organizational psychology, he or she should be able to define organizational psychology. Simply put, organizational psychology is the structure of a company and the ways people react within that particular company (Rego, 2010). Several organizations use some form of organizational psychology to improve desired results of his or her employees. More than a few believe that companies utilize organizational psychology to understand why people act in a certain way, or perhaps to determine ones outcome prior to the end. Research and Statistics is at the foundation of I/O psychology in the scientist-practitioner perspective (Rego, 2010). I/O psychology informs the company about one’s behavior. The use of evidence-based information depends on the integrity of using correct collected data, and analyzing them in a meaningful way (Rego, 2010). Some of the methods used by psychologist are as follows: surveys, experiments, quasi-experiments, and observational studies (Webster, 2010). Other forms of statistics include human judgments, historical databases, and other measures of one’s work performance. Leadership, job performance, and employee stress, all selection techniques that depend on the validity of data received. Simply put, the company’s ability to learn new methods and tactics...
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...Psychology in the Business World: The Opportunities and Challenges for a Psychology Major 1. Background of the Study 2.1 How can psychology be defined? Ciccarelli and White (2012), defines psychology as the “scientific study of behavior and mental processes”. Merriam-Webster dictionary (2014), on the other hand, defines psychology as “the science of mind and behavior”. It generally is a field that revolves about how and why a living thing act and behave and the processes in the mind that comes with the behavior. The American Psychological Association (2014) furthermore defines psychology as a study concerning the mind and behavior of the human being, involving everything from how the brain functions to why a certain person behaves. Basically, psychology is a field that studies human and their behavior with the goal of analysis on the mind as to why their behavior is such. 2.2 What are the uses of psychology in the business world? Psychology can be used in the business world by means of helping the employees achieve their optimum performance level and still be happy about their job (Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Inc. [SIOP], 2014). Psychologists work in the human resources department, in the managerial department, in the administration, and more. It is use to develop and utilize an employee’s ability to perform even better at his job. Psychology is used to ensure harmony amongst the people in the organization. It is also concerned...
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...Industrial/Organizational Psychology Melissa Hayes January 16, 2012 Industrial/Organizational psychology is a type of psychology that is used in organizations. Industrial organization is one part of the psychology that deals with me and partnerships threw out the organization. Industrial psychology focuses on the different types of human resources that are provided. Organizational psychology is the individual’s in a work areas behavior, efficiency, and attitude. The psychiatrists that deal with Industrial/Organizational psychology have to take everyone’s differences and try to make the company run a lot smoother. There are different ways they can help things improve and that is by rewarding their workers when they have done a good job, and using different techniques to improve the way everyone works. These psychiatrists come up with ways to eliminate or minimize the injuries that are on the job, review job applications, and find ways to increase the organizational. Industrial/Organizational psychology was developed some time in the 20th century. We have to learn psychology and what it is in order to use psychology. Hugo Munsterberg and Walter Dill Scott were part of the psychiatrist that made the job more efficient. Additionally, Munsterberg and Scott used psychology to the issues which exists in companies (Spector, 2008). Each employee is reviewed to make sure they were suitable for the job they were hired for. Frederick Winslow Taylor was an engineer that used Industrial/Organizational...
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...Industrial/Organizational Psychology Pamela Groves PSY/435 January 7, 2012 Frank Del Grosso Jr. Industrial/Organizational Psychology The paper will examine the evolution of the field of industrial/organizational psychology, and how industrial/organizational psychology is different from other disciplines in psychology. Industrial/organization psychology can be used in organizations and it focuses on the employees performance and how to make it better. The report will include the role of research and statistics in I/O psychology. The evolution of I/O psychology started in the twentieth century. Industrial and organizational psychology states; “I/O psychology is a twentieth century invention, with roots in the late 1800s and early 1900s. It has existed almost from the beginning of the psychology field.” Experimental psychologists were interested in applying I/O work to organizations. The problems that were associated with I/O were job performance and efficiency in the work place. Hugo M’unsterburg and Water Dill Scott were the two psychologists that were the founders of the field (Spector, 2008). The first text book about I/O psychology was published in 1913 (Spector, 2008). I/O psychologists focus on more of the way tasks are done on a job, and give certain types of test to each person to find out which person is better for the job. I/O psychologist seems to be interested in picking what tasks can be improved on the job. There was a group of Psychologist who help boost...
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... My goal is to attain a Ph.D. in Industrial/Organizational Psychology and a then get an MBA (Masters in Business Administration). I know Northern Arizona University’s Undergraduate Research program can advance me towards my goals by helping gain more hands-on and applicable knowledge so that I can then go into the workforce Human Resources and/or Consulting with a vast amount of graduate knowledge. I am confident that my exposure through this program I will help me accrue more research experience and expose me to the graduate atmosphere I am so compelled to familiarize myself with. Also, growing my personal network is quintessential to me. This will allow me to connect with more individuals, who in turn can grant me more research and graduate opportunities within my field...
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...Organizational Behavior in Team Enron By working together, each member of Team Enron had the opportunity to experience several factors that had an impact on our organizational behavior. All factors had both positive and negative affects, however, the behavior of each team member contributed greatly to the completion of our group project. There were positive and negative aspects that affected our job performance, our commitment, and lastly, our satisfaction. Before discussing the 3 areas of organizational behavior that were affected most, it’s important to understand the kind of team we were throughout the semester and how that had an impact on our productivity. Team Enron is considered to be a “Project Team.” According to our textbook Organizational Behavior, project teams are formed to take on “one time” tasks that are generally complex and require a lot of input from members with different types of training and expertise. The life span of our team is only the duration of the semester (4 months) and the project required moderate member involvement. At the beginning of the semester, we met as a group to discuss the process required to complete the project. We assigned each other an even amount of tasks in order to facilitate the research needed. As a group, we had high task interdependence. Task interdependence means the degree to which we interact and rely on each other for information, materials, and resources needed to accomplish our work. From there, we coordinated effectively...
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...Applying Organizational Psychology Organizational psychology utilizes scientific methodology to get a better understanding of people behavior who works in organizational settings. Organizational psychology has principles to help employees understand the behavior of the people working in organizational settings (Jex & Britt, 2008). The knowledge obtained from organizational psychology helps organizations to become more effective. Organizations are defined through defining characteristics, behavior patterns, and structures imposed on the perspective applicants. This paper will contain discussion of these principles within the recruitment process from both organizational and applicant perspectives along with how organizational psychology principles is used in the recruitment process, organizational socialization concept, and applying organizational psychology to organizational socialization. This paper gives personal insights of how they relate to work experiences. Organizational and Applicant Perspective of Recruitment Process According to Taylor and Bergmann (2006), organization’s recruitment process is toward green production. Employees and organization receive benefits that attract ideal employees because organizational recruitment has affected the reactions applicants have towards organizations and the job attributes associated with the positions such as salary and organizations locations. Organizational perspective of the recruitment process is that behavior...
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...School of Psychology 2013 Paper Outline Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences PSYC573-13A (HAM) Personnel Training & Development Lecture times/rooms: Thursdays, 09:00am – 10:50am. Room I1.08. Lecturer/Convenor: Donald Cable, Room K1.01. Extn: 8296. Email: dcable@waikato.ac.nz Student consultation hours: Thursdays 14:00-15:00. Other times by appointment. Paper Description The aim of this paper is for you to develop an understanding of the theory, research, and practice relating to training and development (including career development) in organizations. Upon successfully completing this course, you should be able to: understand, and apply personnel training and development psychology theory and research, and bridge the gap between this and the practice, conduct training needs analyses and evaluate training and development (including career and professional development) initiatives, identify or develop training programs which incorporate sound principles of learning and training transfer, identify and develop the competencies that will support you in pursuing a career as an organizational psychology (or HR) practitioner with a focus on the training and development of individuals in organizations. Blending the exploratory learning aspect of Active Learning with proceduralized instruction, and creating a learning environment within which students are actively encouraged to construct knowledge, this paper includes lectures with associated readings, student seminars...
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