...paper will cover the topic of how to how control organized crime and not just in the United States of America but also abroad. This is a country and others are wrought with opportunities, but many would seek to use those opportunities improperly to illegal ends. The consequences of these criminals and their actions can be detrimental to the overall well-being of the general populace by introducing negative elements into the greater whole of society. For that reason, and many others, numerous agencies were created to police these crimes and the people who perpetrate them. Varying jurisdictions from local to federal are normally involved in the investigation and apprehension of these individuals. But before one can discuss the topic of how to control crime they must first have a clear definition of crime. In 59-50 BCE, a man by the name of Clodius led a Roman mob of infamous repute. He defied the government, engaged in assault, associated with several characters of ill repute, and even had connections in the Roman Senate to help him with political problems. This man even had a rival in criminal practices, Milo, with whom he struggled for a period of time before being killed by him. These and other historical accounts lead to the conclusion that the problem of organized crime is indeed an old one. It is also a very diverse problem made up of innumerable organizations. While the Mafia is the most recognizable form of organized crime in America there are many others as well including:...
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...Organized Crime Group Analysis Organized Crime Group Analysis In the past and still today the word of crime on occasion is greater than law enforcement, politicians, and governmental officials. These major players of these organized crimes could run a city however they choose to through criminal activity and manipulation. In the 1800s a secret society formed to unite Sicilian natives against invasion by France and Arabs. Fleeing from the hills of Italy to avoid attack Italians called the “Mafia” migrated to the United States in the 1920s. The Mafia’s migration to New York City and other large cities in America to continue criminal activities were seen in the early 1920s. In one particular group called the La Cosa Nostra, LCN, mob, or the Mafia inhabited New York City’s metropolitan area. The LCN consist of a collection of Italian-American families of organized crime (Finckenauer, 2007). The La Cosa Nostra entails five families with its main headquarters in Italy. With each family’s organization resembling the structure of a hierarchy. Its hierarchical structure of organization provides protection along with its social structure protected by corrupt politicians and governmental officials. “For nearly three quarters of a century, beginning during the time of Prohibition and extending into the 1990s, the LCN was clearly the most prominent criminal organization in the United States” (Finckenauer, 2007....
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...Organized Crime Perception CJA/384 Terri Smith Before I started CJA/384- Criminal Organizations, I had a very black and white view point of organized crime. Major crime families stood out to me but mostly my interpretation came from what is shown on the television and in movies. A lot of today’s “mob family” news does not make the newspaper like it used to decades ago. I always thought this was just out of fear for reporting criminal activity of this nature or because the crime families have just done that great of a job staying below the radar. When we live in a society where such behavior is forbidden, it is not usual that we hear about the details of these lifestyles on an everyday basis. Because of this I think it is common for citizens to have an overactive imagination when it comes to the criminal life style of organized crime, there is not much more to go on that what is portrayed in the media and our imaginations. I think that my perceptions were not too unrealistic from the readings. The area that I was lacking were the ways the organize crime is controlled. To include the various types of activities which these crime families orchestrate as well as the reasons these different types of crimes are operated. I always assumed it came down to power, but a lot of it revolves around family rivalry and money. What was shocking to me was the long laundry list of activities that organized crime families are involved with. I took simple things like prostitution...
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...Controlling Organized Crime CJA 384 July 1, 2013 Controlling Organized Crime Throughout this paper the many factors of criminal organizations will be covered. Some of the theories will be discussed to give one a better understanding of how organized crime comes to be. Also, some of the issues that occur as a result of organized crime, the legal limitations associated with combating organized crime, a federal law that supports anti-crime efforts, and a realistic solution for controlling organized crime will further be presented (University of Phoenix, 2010). Problems of Organized Crime In recent years, international organized crime has expanded considerably in presence, sophistication, and significance, and it currently threatens many aspects of how Americans live, work, and does business. International organized crime promotes corruption, violence, and other illegal activities, jeopardizes the border security, and causes human misery. It undermines the integrity of the banking and financial systems, commodities, securities markets, and cyberspace. In short, international organized crime is a national security problem that demands a strategic, targeted, and concerted United States Government response (International Organized Crime, 2008). Organized crime members are calculating and sophisticated and realize that their actions not only have criminal consequences but also are constantly under the scrutiny of law enforcement agencies. This scrutiny causes the criminals...
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...MODELS OF ORGANIZED CRIME LUIS MORENO 1/14/2015 CJA/384 In this summary, I am going to compare and contrast bureaucratic and patron-client organizations. Also, I will include the similarities and differences between the main models of organized crime, and explain why the models are necessary for understanding organized crime. First is the bureaucratic/corporate model, in this model the primary thing is efficiency for large operations or activities. When criminal activity continues to expand, this model becomes a must in order to control the enterprise with rules, hierarchy, specialization, and means of communication. Most of the Colombian cartels and outlaw biker groups function with this model. Another model is the patrimonial/patron-client, this model is based on bonds that tie the organization together. The patron provides aid and protection while the client becomes a loyal member who is respected. In this model, if leader is incapacitated the next person in line is who takes over, this model has less control over the subordinates compared to the bureaucratic model. The American Mafia is an example that uses this model their structure is a hierarchy and bureaucratic, but their activities are considered to be patron-client model because their members usually create their independent crews who are entrepreneurs. The differences between the hierarchical and the ethnic/local models are how the individual relationships are structured. The enterprise model defines the...
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...| CJA 384 Course Syllabus College of Criminal Justice and Security CJA/384 Version 2 Criminal Organizations | Copyright © 2010 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course is a survey of the origins and development of organized crime in the United States. It examines the structure and activities of organized criminal enterprises, considers different models that have been employed to describe organized crime groups, and explores theories that have been advanced to explain the phenomenon. Major investigations of organized crime and legal strategies that have been developed to combat it are also considered. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Lyman, M. D., & Potter, G. W. (2007). Organized crime (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Mallory, S. L. (2007). Understanding organized crime. Sudbury, MA: Jones and...
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...Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary CJA/384 Michelle Khanlar 03/16/2015 Organized crime is probably one of the biggest misconception in the American legal system. Even though many theorist have tried to explain this phenomenon, two models of organized crime are the most accurate. Donald Cressey believed the organized criminal networks are controlled by only one Italian Group, the group he calls La Costa Nostra. This group was bureaucratic in form and governed by a hierarchy with strict rules. Orders flowed from the top to those below with many specializing in criminal abilities. There is no room for error in assignments, for penalties are severe (Mallory, 2007). The second model to enter into the minds of Americans suggested that other than a bureaucratic imported organized crime group, that organized crime was made up of several smaller groups. Instead of having one boss at the top, there are several bosses you relay information rather than take orders. This information is passed along and implemented independently by others who divide the spoils to those above as more of a thanks. This kind of organization was termed Patron-client by Joseph Albini in 1971 (Lyman & Potter, 2007). These two groups do have some things that are similar, the bureaucratic model is known for its enforcement of rules while the Patron – client organization enforces traditional values. Both of these organizations will use whatever force necessary to reprimand those who step outside...
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...Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary Sandra Haynesworth CJA/384 05-18-2012 University of Phoenix Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary Gangs much resemble organized crime in that they include a group of closely related people that commit routine crimes against society. Early scholars noted that gangs arose much around the same time that organized crime did in the United States, and that gang members have often contributed to a "disproportionate level of crime in society" (Krohn, et al. 2003). Gang members are often more involved in delinquency than other youth organizations, but also more likely to be comprised of younger members of society than members of organized crime (Krohn, et al. 2003)." All criminal organizational models consist of similarities and differences but the main purpose is to benefit law enforcement, researchers, society, and professionals with a better understanding of how criminal organizations develop domestically and internationally. Models are based on supporting research, statistics, facts, and convincing arguments that have been gathered by professional psychologists, sociologists, and criminologists. Information presented focuses on organizational structure, purpose and cause, members, and clientele. In addition, each model incorporates unique features that are detail specific. The models presented are tools that provide answers to questions, offer an explanation to why individuals engage in illegal activity, how criminal organizations...
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...Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary Krystal Doss CJA/384 May 16, 2013 Theresa Bunn Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary Throughout the criminal justice system there are two different organizations. The two structures consist of bureaucratic and patron-client organizations. There are also main models of organized crime share similarities and differences. The models of organized crime include hierarchical and local-ethnic models as well as the abadinsky model. However, the abadinsky proposes two models as explanations to indicate the structure of organized crime groups. Within this document the distinctions between bureaucratic and patron-client organizations will be met. The similarities and differences between the main models of organized crime will also be discussed. It is important to understand organized crime and why it is beneficial. The bureaucratic organization is mentioned in the abadinsky model and implements that effectiveness is the main purpose for broad actions. With activities that consistently enlarge, the bureaucratic model intervenes to maintain the organization with rules, hierarchy, specialization, and means of communication (Abadinsky, 2003). The hierarchical model is similar to the bureaucratic organization where there is a boss followed by his line of workers or soldiers. In this particular model, the boss oversees activities carried out by the workers and is also in charge of their behavior. On the other hand, the local-ethnic...
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...Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary Brittany Hereford CJA 384 September 28, 2014 Terri Smith Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary There are many of foundations of criminal activity in the United States of America, however, the foundation of criminal activity is the different kinds of organized crime. Organized Crime is that of which is defined as a criminal enterprise or individuals that are made in to a group that works as one or multiple groups that work together that have an identified hierarchy in which participates in all kinds of serious criminal activities. Organized crime has a structure that consists of two significant elements which include patron-client and bureaucratic organizations. In the structure of organized crimes there are models that support it by the connections and involvement of patron client and bureaucratic organizations in which determine the similarities as well as the differences in which the two models that make the structure of organized crime. The most significant element is one of which that distinguishes the differences between patron client and bureaucratic organizations. Patron-Client Organization The Patron Client Organization also known as the patrimonial network that consists of the “Criminal individuals that not only send but also receive messages, individuals that creates a network or a connection that is includes political leaders as well as other government participants and officials as well as access to a wide...
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...Models of Organized Crime Jalaine Franklin University of Phoenix CJA/384 Week-2 Mario Honore November 08, 2012 Models of Organized Crime Patron-Client Orgnizations When it comes to models of organized crime there are two organizations that this paper will refer to, the first is the Patron-Client organization and the second is the Bureaucratic organizations. The Patron-Client is a group of criminals that united together to establish connections that would benefit the groups clients later on. They were structured to run with just one leader and then a chain of command that follows. If an order is given it has to come from the leader and then it is passed down through the chain of command to the members. In order to become a member of a patron-client organization everyone has to be initiated (University of Phoenix, 2007). Bureaucratic Organizations Bureaucratic organizations are slightly different than patron-client organizations in the way they are structured. They are structured with rules and procedures. Bureaucratic organizations also have one main leader and a chain of command that leads to their members. Here the lower managers are not allowed to make any orders; all orders must come from only one person. When it comes to conducting business only high ranking individuals can look for new resources and proceed with new contacts but they still have to have the approval of the leader. Similarity/ Differences Both the patron-client...
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...Models of Organized Crime Krishna Abney CJA 384 February 23, 2012 Mary E. Campbell Models of Organized Crime Organized crime has drawn many individuals to partake in this style of crime. Unlike petty crimes, organized crime involves a style that is comparable to any corporate style of business. It is an organized and managed business that follows similar practices with various levels of workers, management and leadership. Organized crime recruits from a variety of participants of skilled workers with a history of criminal activity such as theft, violence and drugs to educated white collar individuals who work in corporate and political settings. Bureaucratic and patron-client organizations are two categories that further identify the style of management and recruitment followed by members of organized crime. A bureaucratic organization follows the enterprise theory which resembles a style similar to the military. The members follow specific rules and are designated to specific jobs. Each member has his assigned duty based on his skill, expertise or education. Orders are dictated from the higher ranking members and are passed down to the various levels of “management” or middle ranks who then assign the duties to specific skilled members or “soldiers”. The lower ranking members are expected to follow through with assigned orders, they are not expected to act independently or make decisions without prior approval. The bureaucratic style follows a very...
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...1 Organized Crime Group: The Gambino Family Melissa Castle CJA/384 June 11, 2012 Bryan Kaminski Introduction The organized crime group Learning Team A chose to conduct research on was The Gambino Family. Their entire organization was based in New York City. This paper will reflect the Gambino's national and multinational structure and operating methods pertaining to the drug business. Also a comparison of the Gambino's from their past to present role in prohibition, drug syndicates, political corruption, and other illicit activities will be examined. Over time, the Gambino family had various business interests that made them even more notable in the Italian Mafia history. National and multinational structure and operating methods, pertaining to the drug business. The Gambino family’s drug business structure and operating methods stem from very strong ties in the Sicilian Drug trade (Critchley, 2008). Until 1914, there were no real laws or boundaries against the drug industry in the United States of America (Critchley, 2008). The Boylan anti-drug Law, passed by the New York state legislature on March 28, 1914, was the first regulatory limitations seen against drugs. This law was not truly enforced until the 1920s, with legitimate businesses continuing to serve recreational drugs to addicts. This drug law was instituted because of the overwhelming numbers of innocent drug slaves, according to Charles B. Towns, the attorney who...
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...Personal Perception of Organized Crime Jane Doe CJA 384 John Doe Personal Perception of Organized Crime Organized crime is common is society today. There are many types of organized crime. The people who participate in organized crime are from all types of backgrounds and make various excuses for what he or she does. Organized crime is a part of life for some individuals. I would describe organized crime as groups of people taking the time to commit criminal activity without being caught by law enforcement officers. I have in the past thought about the mafia or drug cartels concerning organized crime. I had never given much thought to gangs being a part of organized crime. Many organized crime groups have law enforcement and politicians on their payroll, which disturbs me. The very people whose job is to protect society will deceive people to make illegal money. The politicians that society elects are no better than the corrupt police officers when he or she takes payoffs from organized crime group. Television programs have made me think about organized crime groups as only large groups that make big money. The neighborhood gang is an organized crime group that disrupts the neighborhood and has no respect for members of the community. Movies like American Gangster made me more interested in learning about organized crime groups. I have never understood how someone believes that he or she is above the law. I understand that the help to gain power and wealth comes from...
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...Personal Perception of Organized Crime Angela Garlets CJA/384 Jack Tandy 2/2/2014 Introduction Crime can be defined in many ways. Everyone has their own opinion on how crime is defined. Organized crime consists of a group of people that seek to do harm on others for wealth or to prove a point. We cannot underestimate organized crime groups because of the danger factor. All we have to do is be prepared and know how to deal with them. The way that some groups are successful is that they are able to outsmart people and to be able to pay off some of those people. Organized Crime I would define organized crime as crime that is committed by a group of 2 or more people. Crimes committed by these organized crime groups can vary from petty to misdemeanor crimes and to arson and murder. Organized crime groups can vary in race, color, and ethnicity. You can have a motorcycle gang that deals with drugs and guns. They sell the guns to other gangs or subordinates. With drugs, motorcycle gangs work as transporters for another gangs or a drug lord. This is one way a gang would make money is to transport drugs and sell guns. Animal rights activists or environmentalists, “Tree huggers”, can be an organized crime group because they can be a threat to society because their beliefs. They will protest and cause damage and harm to innocent people to get their point across. This usually consists of protest rallies, burning down buildings or causing damage to private property...
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