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OS X:键盘快捷键
键盘快捷键是通过按下键盘上的组合键来调用 OS X 功能的一种方式。了解有关常见 OS X 键盘快捷键的信息。

使用键盘快捷键
要使用键盘快捷键,请同时按下修饰键和字符键。例如,按下 Command 键(标有 符号)和“c”键会将当前选中的任何内容拷贝至剪贴板。这也称为 Command-C 键盘快捷键。在某个 app 的菜单中,您可以看到这些按键映射为很多快捷键。

许多键盘快捷键中都包含修饰键。修饰键将改变 OS X 对其他键击或鼠标/触控板点按动作的解释方式。修饰键包括:Command、Shift、Option、Control、Caps Lock 和 fn 键。这些按键由特殊符号表示,可在 OS X 的菜单和其他组件中看到:

⌘ Command 键
⌃ Control 键
⌥ Option 键
⇧ Shift 键
⇪ Caps Lock fn 功能键
当 fn 键与键盘上的顶行按键配合使用时,这些按键将执行其他功能。例如,如果键盘快捷键是 Control-F2,则您应按键盘上的 fn-Control-亮度组合键。如果您仔细看键盘顶部的亮度键,上面的 F2 符号表示当您按住键盘上的 fn 时,此按键可用作功能键(F2 或功能 2)。

如果您使用包含 Windows 按键的非 Apple 键盘,则 Alt 键相当于 Option 键,Windows 键相当于 Command 键。您可以通过“系统偏好设置”的“键盘”面板更改这些按键的解释方式。

启动快捷键
使用这些组合键可更改电脑的启动方式。启动 Mac 后立即按住相关按键或组合键,直到所需的功能出现。例如,启动时按住 Option 键,直到“启动管理器”出现。

注:如果您使用的不是 Apple 制造的键盘,则 Alt 键通常相当于 Option 键。如果此修饰键不起作用,请尝试改用 Apple 键盘。

按键或组合键 功能
Option 或 Alt 显示所有启动宗卷(启动管理器)
Shift 以安全模式启动
左侧 Shift 阻止自动登录
C 从可引导介质(DVD、CD、USB 闪存驱动器)启动
T 以目标磁盘模式启动
N 从 NetBoot 服务器启动
X 强制 OS X 启动(如果非 OS X 启动宗卷可用)
D 使用 Apple Hardware Test
Command-R 使用 OS X 恢复功能(OS X Lion 或更高版本)
Command-V 以详细模式启动
Command-S 以单用户模式启动
Command-Option-P-R 还原 NVRAM/参数 RAM 设置
按住介质推出 (⏏) 键或 F12 键,或者鼠标或触控板按钮 推出活动光盘
睡眠和关机快捷键
Mac 启动后使用这些组合键可让电脑进入睡眠状态、关机或重新启动。

按键或组合键 功能
电源按钮 轻按可开机。开机后,轻按电源按钮可唤醒 OS X Mavericks 或进入睡眠状态。
按住电源按钮 1.5 秒 在 OS X Mavericks 中显示“重新启动”/“睡眠”/“关机”对话框
按住电源按钮 5 秒 强制 Mac 关机
Command-Control-电源按钮 强制 Mac 重新启动
Control-介质推出键 (⏏) 显示“重新启动”/“睡眠”/“关机”对话框
Command-Option-介质推出键 (⏏) 使电脑进入睡眠状态
Command-Control-介质推出键 (⏏) 退出所有应用软件(会让您先存储对已打开文稿所作的更改),然后重新启动电脑
Command-Option-Control-介质推出键 (⏏) 退出所有应用软件(会让您先存储对已打开文稿所作的更改),然后关闭电脑
Shift-Control-介质推出键 (⏏) 使所有显示器进入睡眠状态
拍摄屏幕快照
使用这些快捷键可拍摄一张屏幕内容的照片。您也可以使用 Grab 拍摄屏幕快照,这款 app 位于“实用工具”文件夹中。

组合键 功能
Command-Shift-3 将屏幕捕捉到文件
Command-Shift-Control-3 将屏幕内容捕捉到剪贴板
Command-Shift-4 将所选屏幕内容捕捉到一个文件,或按空格键仅捕捉一个窗口
Command-Shift-Control-4 将所选屏幕内容捕捉到剪贴板,或按空格键仅捕捉一个窗口
应用软件和其他 OS X 快捷键
这些键盘快捷键适用于大部分 app。

组合键 功能
Command-空格键 显示或隐藏 Spotlight 搜索栏
(如果同时使用多语种,此快捷键可能会循环显示启用的脚本系统)
Command-Option-空格键 显示 Spotlight 搜索结果窗口(如果安装了多语种,则可能循环显示某一脚本中的键盘布局和输入法)
Command-Tab 在打开的应用软件列表中,向下移动到下一个最近使用的应用软件
Command-Shift-Tab 在打开的应用软件列表中向上移动(按最近使用时间排序)
Shift-Tab 按反方向浏览各控件
Control-Tab 将焦点移至对话框中的下一组控件或下一个表格(当 Tab 移到下一个单元格时)
Shift-Control-Tab 将焦点移至上一组控件
Option-介质推出键 (⏏) 从备选光盘驱动器中推出(如果已安装)
Command-F1 切换针对多显示器配置的“镜像显示器”
Command-F2 切换目标显示器模式
Command-F3 显示桌面
Command-F5 切换 VoiceOver 的开关
Option-F1 或 Option-F2 打开“显示器”系统偏好设置
Option-F3 或 Option-F4 打开“Mission Control”偏好设置
Option-F10 或 Option-F11 或 Option-F12 打开“声音”偏好设置
Shift-Control-F6 将焦点移至上一个面板
Control-F7 临时覆盖窗口和对话框中的当前键盘访问模式
Control-F8 移到菜单栏中的状态菜单
Command-重音符 (`) 激活最前面的应用软件中下一个打开的窗口
Command-Shift-重音符 (`) 激活最前面的应用软件中上一个打开的窗口
Command-Option-重音符 (`) 将焦点移至窗口抽屉
Command-减号 (–) 缩小所选项
Command-{ 使所选内容左对齐
Command-} 使所选内容右对齐
Command-| 使所选内容居中对齐
Command-冒号 (:) 显示“拼写和语法”窗口
Command-分号 (;) 查找文稿中拼写错误的词
Command-逗号 (,) 打开最前面的应用软件的偏好设置窗口
Command-Option-Control-逗号 (,) 降低屏幕对比度
Command-Option-Control-句点 (.) 增强屏幕对比度
Command-问号 (?) 在帮助显示程序中打开应用软件的帮助
Command-Option-/ 打开或关闭字体平滑功能
Command-Shift-= 放大所选项
Command-A 高亮显示文稿或窗口中的所有项,或高亮显示文本栏中的所有字符
Command-B 以粗体显示所选文本或切换文本粗体显示开/关
Command-C 将所选数据拷贝到剪贴板
Command-Shift-C 显示“颜色”窗口
Command-Option-C 拷贝所选项的格式设置并存储到剪贴板
Command-Option-V 将剪贴板中的格式设置粘贴(应用)到所选项
Command-Option-D 显示或隐藏 Dock
Command-Control-D 显示所选词的定义
Command-D 选择“打开”和“存储”对话框中的“桌面”文件夹,或选择包含“不存储”按钮的对话框中的“不存储”
Command-Delete 选择包含“删除”或“不存储”按钮的对话框中的“不存储”
Command-E 使用所选内容进行查找
Command-F 打开“查找”窗口
Command-Option-F 移到搜索栏控件
Command-G 查找所选内容出现的下一个位置
Command-Shift-G 查找所选内容出现的上一个位置
Command-H 隐藏当前正在运行的应用软件窗口
Command-Option-H 隐藏所有其他正在运行的应用软件窗口
Command-I 以斜体显示所选文本或切换文本斜体显示开/关
Command-Option-I 显示检查器窗口
Command-M 将活跃窗口最小化至 Dock
Command-Option-M 将活跃应用软件的所有窗口最小化至 Dock
Command-N 在最前面的应用软件中创建新文稿
Command-O 显示一个对话框,用于选择要在最前面的应用软件中打开的文稿
Command-P 显示“打印”对话框
Command-Shift-P 显示用于指定文稿参数(页面设置)的对话框
Command-Q 退出最前面的应用软件
Command-S 存储活跃文稿
Command-Shift-S 显示“存储为”对话框或复制当前文稿
Command-T 显示“字体”窗口
Command-Option-T 显示或隐藏工具栏
Command-U 对所选文本加下划线或打开/关闭加下划线功能
Command-V 在插入点位置粘贴剪贴板内容
Command-Option-V 将某对象的样式应用于所选对象(粘贴样式)
Command-Shift-Option-V 将周围文本的样式应用于所插入对象(粘贴并匹配样式)
Command-Control-V 将格式设置应用于所选对象(粘贴标尺)
Command-W 关闭最前面的窗口
Command-Shift-W 关闭文件及其关联窗口
Command-Option-W 不退出应用软件直接关闭其所有窗口
Command-X 删除所选内容并存储到剪贴板
Command-Z 还原上一命令(有些应用软件允许多次还原)
Command-Shift-Z 重做上一命令(有些应用软件允许多次重做)
Control-空格键 在当前输入源和上一输入源之间切换
Option-Control-空格键 在所有启用的输入源之间切换
Command-Option-esc 选取要强制退出的应用软件
Command-Shift-Option-Esc(按住三秒钟) 强制退出最前面的应用软件
Command-左中括号 ([) 上一浏览器网页
Command-右中括号 (]) 下一浏览器网页
文本选择快捷键

编辑某个字段或文稿中的文本时可使用这些组合键。

fn-Delete 向前删除(适用于便携式 Mac 的内建键盘) fn-上箭头 向上滚动一页(相当于 Page Up 键) fn-下箭头 向下滚动一页(相当于 Page Down 键) fn-左箭头 滚动至文稿开头(相当于 Home 键) fn-右箭头 滚动至文稿末尾(相当于 End 键)
Command-右箭头 将文本插入点移至当前行的行尾
Command-左箭头 将文本插入点移至当前行的行首
Command-下箭头 将文本插入点移至文稿末尾
Command-上箭头 将文本插入点移至文稿开头
Option-右箭头 将文本插入点移至下一个单词的末尾
Option-左箭头 将文本插入点移至上一个单词的开头
Option-Delete 删除光标左侧的词,以及词后的任何空格或标点符号
Command-Shift-右箭头

选中插入点与当前行行尾之间的文本 (*)
Command-Shift-左箭头 选中插入点与当前行行首之间的文本 (*)
Command-Shift-上箭头 选中插入点与文稿开头之间的文本 (*)
Command-Shift-下箭头 选中插入点与文稿末尾之间的文本 (*)
Shift-左箭头 将文本选择范围向左扩展一个字符 (*)
Shift-右箭头 将文本选择范围向右扩展一个字符 (*)
Shift-上箭头 将文本选择范围扩展到上一行相同水平位置的最近字符边缘 (*)
Shift-下箭头 将文本选择范围扩展到下一行相同水平位置的最近字符边缘 (*)
Shift-Option-右箭头 将文本选择范围扩展到当前词的词尾,再按一次则扩展到后一词的词尾 (*)
Shift-Option-左箭头 将文本选择范围扩展到当前词的词首,再按一次则扩展到后一词的词首 (*)
Shift-Option-下箭头 将文本选择范围扩展到当前段落的段尾,再按一次则扩展到下一段落的结尾 (*)
Shift-Option-上箭头 将文本选择范围扩展到当前段落的段首,再按一次则扩展到下一段落的段首 (*)
Control-A 移至行或段落的开头
Control-B 向后移动一个字符
Control-D 删除光标前的字符
Control-E 移至行或段落的开头
Control-F 向前移动一个字符
Control-H 删除光标后的字符
Control-K 删除从光标前的字符到行或段落末尾的所有内容
Control-L 将光标或所选内容置于可见区域中央
Control-N 下移一行
Control-O 在光标后插入一行
Control-P 上移一行
Control-T 调换光标前后的字符
Control-V 下移
*注:如果未选择任何文本,则从插入点位置开始扩展。如果通过拖移选择文本,则从所选内容的边缘开始扩展。反向选择所选内容会取消选择相应部分。

辅助功能
这些键盘快捷键可帮助您通过键盘或辅助设备控制 Mac。

辅助功能和 VoiceOver 键盘命令

组合键 功能
Command-Option-F5 显示辅助功能选项
Command-F5 或 fn-Command-F5 打开或关闭 VoiceOver
Option-Control-F8 或 fn-Option-Control-F8 打开 VoiceOver 实用工具(如果 VoiceOver 已打开)
Option-Control-F7 或 fn-Option-Control-F7 显示 VoiceOver 菜单(如果 VoiceOver 已打开)
Option-Control-分号 (;) 启用或停用 VoiceOver
Command-Option-8 打开或关闭缩放功能
Command-Option-加号 (+) 放大
Command-Option-减号 (–) 缩小
Command-Option-Control-8 反转/复原屏幕颜色(OS X Lion 或更低版本)
Command-Option-Control-逗号 (,) 降低对比度(OS X Lion 或更低版本)
Command-Option-Control-句点 (.) 增强对比度(OS X Lion 或更低版本)
注:您可能需要启用“将 F1、F2 等键用作标准功能键”(在“键盘”偏好设置中),才能使 VoiceOver 菜单和实用工具正常工作。

全键盘控制

通过全键盘控制,您可以使用键盘进行导航,并与屏幕上的项目进行交互。使用这些快捷键可选择并调整文本栏和滑块等控件。按 Control-F7 或从“系统偏好设置”中“键盘”偏好设置的“快捷键”面板中选择“全键盘控制”,可以切换此设置开/关。

组合键 功能
Tab 移至下一个控件
Shift-Tab 移至上一个控件
Control-Tab 已选择文本栏时移至下一个控件
箭头键
移至列表、标签组或菜单中的相邻项,或
移动滑块和调节器(用于增加和减小值的垂直上下箭头)

Control-箭头键 移至与文本栏相邻的控件
空格键 选择高亮显示的菜单项
Return 或 Enter 键 点按默认按钮或执行默认操作
Esc 键 点按“取消”按钮,或
关闭菜单而不选取项目
您可以在菜单栏中浏览菜单,而无需使用鼠标或触控板。若要将焦点置于菜单栏中,请按 Control-F2(便携式键盘上的 fn-Control-F2)。然后使用下列组合键。

组合键 功能
左箭头和右箭头 从一个菜单移到另一个菜单
Return 打开所选菜单
上箭头和下箭头 移至所选菜单中的菜单项
键入菜单项的名称 跳到所选菜单中的菜单项
Return 选择菜单项
辅助功能 - 鼠标键

在“辅助功能”偏好设置中打开“鼠标键”后,您可以使用键盘或数字小键盘上的按键移动鼠标指针。

组合键 功能
8 或数字小键盘上的 8 上移
K 或数字小键盘上的 2 下移
U 或数字小键盘上的 4 左移
O 或数字小键盘上的 6 右移
J 或数字小键盘上的 1 沿对角线向左下角移
L 或数字小键盘上的 3 沿对角线向右下角移
7 或数字小键盘上的 7 沿对角线向左上角移
9 或数字小键盘上的 9 沿对角线向右上角移
I 或数字小键盘上的 5 按鼠标按钮
M 或数字小键盘上的 0 按住鼠标按钮
.(句点键) 释放按住的鼠标按钮
Finder 快捷键
组合键 功能
Command-A 选中最前面的 Finder 窗口中的所有项(如果未打开任何窗口,则选中桌面内容)
Command-Option-A 取消选择所有项
Command-Shift-A 打开“应用程序”文件夹
Command-C 将所选项或文本拷贝到剪贴板
Command-Shift-C 打开“电脑”窗口
Command-D 复制所选项
Command-Shift-D 打开“桌面”文件夹
Command-E 推出
Command-F 查找任何匹配 Spotlight 属性的内容
Command-Shift-F 查找 Spotlight 文件名匹配项
Command-Option-F 导航到已打开的 Spotlight 窗口中的搜索栏
Command-Shift-G 前往文件夹
Command-Shift-H 打开当前已登录用户帐户的个人文件夹
Command-Control-T 添加到边栏 (OS X Mavericks)
Command-I 显示简介
Command-Option-I 显示检查器
Command-Control-I 获得摘要信息
Command-Shift-I 打开 iDisk
Command-J 调出“显示”选项
Command-K 连接到服务器
Command-Shift-K 打开“网络”窗口
Command-L 为所选项制作替身
Command-M 最小化窗口
Command-Option-M 最小化所有窗口
Command-N 新建 Finder 窗口
Command-Shift-N 新建文件夹
Command-Option-N 新建智能文件夹
Command-O 打开所选项
Command-Shift-Q 注销
Command-Shift-Option-Q 立即注销
Command-R 显示(替身的)原身
Command-T 添加 Finder 标签 (OS X Mavericks)
Command-Shift-T 显示或隐藏 Finder 标签 (OS X Mavericks)
Command-Option-T 隐藏或显示 Finder 窗口中的工具栏
Command-Shift-U 打开“实用工具”文件夹
Command-V 粘贴
Command-W 关闭窗口
Command-Option-W 关闭所有窗口
Command-X 剪切
Command-Option-Y 幻灯片显示(Mac OS X v10.5 或更高版本)
Command-Z 撤销
Command-1 以图标显示
Command-2 以列表方式显示
Command-3 以分栏方式显示
Command-4 以 Cover Flow 方式显示(Mac OS X v10.5 或更高版本)
Command-逗号 (,) 打开 Finder 偏好设置
Command-重音符 (`)(美式英语键盘布局中 Tab 键上方的重音符键) 循环显示打开的 Finder 窗口
Command-Shift-问号 (?) 打开 Mac 帮助
Command-左中括号 ([) 前往上一文件夹
Command-右中括号 (]) 前往下一文件夹
Command-上箭头 打开包含当前文件夹的文件夹
Command-Control-上箭头 在新窗口中打开包含当前文件夹的文件夹
Command-下箭头 打开高亮显示的项目
Command-Shift-上箭头 使桌面处于活跃状态
右箭头(以列表视图显示) 打开所选文件夹
左箭头(以列表视图显示) 关闭所选文件夹
Option-点按显示三角形(以列表视图显示) 打开所选文件夹内的所有文件夹
Option-连按 在单独窗口中打开文件夹,并关闭当前窗口
Command-连按 在单独窗口中打开文件夹
Command-点按窗口标题 查看包含当前窗口的文件夹
Command-Tab 切换应用软件 - 向前循环显示
Command-Shift-Tab 切换应用软件 - 向后循环显示
Command-Delete 移至废纸篓
Command-Shift-Delete 清倒废纸篓
Command-Shift-Option-Delete 清倒废纸篓(不显示确认对话框)
空格键(或 Command-Y) 快速查看(Mac OS X v10.5 或更高版本)
拖移时按 Command 键 将拖移的项目移至其他宗卷或位置
(按住按键时指针会改变)
拖移时按 Option 键 拷贝拖移的项目
(按住按键时指针会改变)
拖移时按 Command-Option 组合键 为拖移的项目制作替身
(按住按键时指针会改变)

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