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Overview of the Cardiovascular and Digestive System

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Cardiovascular System
The cardiovascular system includes the heart, the blood and the blood vesicles. The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood around the body by using blood vessels. The blood vessels consist of the arteries, veins and capillaries. The blood carries dissolved oxygen to the body cells and at the same time, it removes the waste products made by respiration. Blood also distributes heat throughout the body, along hormones, nutrients, salts, enzymes and urea.
The heart is a double pump. Each side consists of a muscular upper chamber called the atrium and the lower chamber called the ventricle. The right side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood from the veins to the lungs for oxygen. The left side of the heart pumps oxygenated blood from the heart to the body. The adult heart is about the size of a closed fist. It is located in the thoracic cavity and it is located in between the lungs. The heart is also protected by the rib cage. It is surrounded by a tough membrane, called the pericardium and it contains a thin film of fluid to prevent friction.
The blood is made up of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma. The blood delivers nutrients to cells and removes wastes that are produced during cellular processes, such as cellular respiration. The role of blood is to transport oxygen, cells, proteins and hormones around the body to the organs and tissues. Oxygen is carried from the lungs to the body cells, and the waste product carbon dioxide (CO2) is transported from the cells to the lungs. Blood also creates clots that seals damaged blood vessels and prevents internal and external blood loss.
The blood vesicles are made up of arteries, capillaries and veins. Blood vessels are a lot of complicated networks that consist of hollow tubes that transport blood throughout the body. Blood travels from the heart through the rest of the body by the arteries to smaller arterioles, then to capillaries, to the venules, to veins and back to the heart.
Digestive System
The digestion system includes the mouth, the esophagus, pancreas salivary glands, liver, small and large intestine and the stomach. The digestive system is digestion and absorption. Digestion is the breakdown of food into small molecules, which are then absorbed into the body.
The mouth is where the food is chewed up into smaller pieces then swallowed down your esophagus to your stomach. The pancreas and salivary glands are what produce a digestive juice to help with mechanical breaking down and digestion. The liver produces a substance called bile which helps to break down fat which prepares them for digestions. The small and large intestine are the small intestine digest and absorbs soluble food and absorb most of the nutrients from what we eat and drink. The large intestine absorbs water from wastes, creating stool. The stomach is where the main digestion happens. Acids and enzymes helps with the digestion process in the stomach.

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