Premium Essay

P&G: Production Planning and Control

In:

Submitted By meshanda
Words 2561
Pages 11
Introduction Global operations involves the linking and relating of four primary functions; marketing, finance and accounting, suppliers, and human resources to create a competitive advantage in global markets (Russell & Taylor, 2011). The business environment has become increasingly competitive over the past decade, due to the global economic crisis, environmental challenges, technological innovations, as well as, consumer lifestyle changes. As a result of the changes, many multi-national corporations (MNC), in an effort, to remain competitive and sustainable are responding by creating global strategic management plans to address the competitive trends occurring in the market (Kim, Bak, & Bae, 2010). In fact, the aforementioned factors created a rich environment for firms to access new technologies, materials, customer bases, as well as, the ability to form business partnerships, globally (Russell & Taylor, 2011; Nembhard, Shi, & Park, 2000). Consequently, there has been a shift in the way business operations are performed and managed. Procter and Gamble Company (P&G), is an excellent example of an iconic firm maintaining a competitive advantage in global markets through the effective implementation of global operations strategies and management. In fact, P&G is the leading consumer goods firm, generating annually $84 billion in sales, operating in 180+ countries, spanning the Americas, Europe, the Middle East and Africa (EMEA), and Asia. In terms of manufacturing sites, P&G own and operate 32 US manufacturing sites located in 21 different states or territories and 102 manufacturing sites in 40 other countries (Personal Care MarketWatch, 2011; Procter & Gamble, 2014). However, global manufacturing firms are experiencing problem associated with schedule instability and demand. Consequently, these problems are resulting in

Similar Documents

Free Essay

Operation Research & Methods

...main problems of a manufacturing system and, on the other hand, how they can be ranged in a hierarchical order, derived from a CIM architecture (from the strategic decisions to the production constraints). Then, we present an Operational Research tool for solving each of these problems. 1 Introduction Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS) are nowadays installed in the mechanical industry, especially in car factories. However, the market constraints impose to always improve the production system and the whole production organization. The concepts developed by Taylor and applied at the beginning by Ford are progressively abandoned and replaced by the Just-In-Time concept and the Computer Integrated Manufacturing philosophy (CIM). One of the aims of the CIM philosophy is to provide an integrated information system which avoids the rigid separations between the different functionalities of a complete production system. With such integrated information systems, the loss of time on one hand between the customer order and the part delivery, on the other hand between the product design and its manufacture will be drastically reduced. To understand the complete production system, it is relatively easy to find in the scientific literature excellent general books explaining the different aspects of the Production and Operations Management (POM) ([1], [2], [3], [4], [5]). It is more difficult to discover a writing dedicated to use of Operational Research (OR) models and methods in the industrial...

Words: 5165 - Pages: 21

Free Essay

Industrial Engineering

...Page|1 APPLICATION OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING In Garments Sewing Floor Sabya Sachi Roy ID: 081-23-750 Subodh Kumar Ghosh ID: 081-23-737 AND Ripon Chakraborty ID: 081-23-744 This Report Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Textile Engineering Supervised By Engr. Md. Mahfuzur Rahman Senior Lecturer Department of Textile Engineering Daffodil International University DAFFODIL INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY DHAKA, BANGLADESH JANUARY 2012 ©Daffodil International University Page|2 DECLARATION We hereby declare that, this project has been done by us under the supervision of Engr. Md.Mahfuzur Rahman, Senior Lecturer, Department of Textile Engineering, Daffodil International University. We also declare that neither this project not any part of this project has been submitted elsewhere for award of any degree or diploma. Supervised by: Engr. Md.Mahfuzur Rahman Senior Lecturer Department of Textile Engineering Daffodil International University Submitted by: Sabya Sachi Roy ID: 081-23-750 Department of TE Daffodil International University Subodh Kumar Ghosh ID: 081-23-737 Department of TE Daffodil International University Ripon Chakraborty ID: 081-23-744 Department of TE Daffodil International University Page|3  Acknowledgement We would like to thank Senior lecturer Md.Mahfuzur Rahman for his leadership and guidance in helping us find our niche in Industrial Engineer. Without his help we would...

Words: 12664 - Pages: 51

Premium Essay

Production Planning with Load Dependent Lead Times and

...Production Planning with Load Dependent Lead Times and Sustainability Aspects Institute of Information Systems Department of Business Sciences University of Hamburg In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doktor der Wirtschaftswissenschaften (Dr. rer. pol.) Cumulative Dissertation submitted by Julia Pahl Head of board of examiners: Prof. Dr. Knut Haase First examiner: Prof. Dr. Stefan Voß Second examiner: Prof. Dr. Hartmut Stadtler Date of thesis discussion: 18. May 2012 Contents Table of Contents 1 I Framework of the Thesis 2 1 Production Planning with Load-Dependent Lead Times and Sustainability Aspects 1.1 List of Related Research Articles and Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 Course of Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 Conclusions and Research Directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4 5 7 9 2 Cumulative Doctoral Thesis 2.1 Three Thematically Related Research Articles and Reports . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Co-Authors and Substantial Contribution of Candidate . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 Publication of Research Articles and Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 10 11 12 3 Curriculum Vitae 13 II Literature 21 1 Part I Framework of the Thesis 2 Chapter 1 Production Planning with Load-Dependent Lead Times and Sustainability...

Words: 148849 - Pages: 596

Premium Essay

Marley

...„ Project Management Institute, 2002. Used with permission. The underlying theory of project management is obsolete1 Lauri Koskela, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Gregory Howell, Lean Construction Institute Abstract In prior literature, it has been generally seen that there is no explicit theory of project management. We contend that it is possible to precisely point out the underlying theoretical foundation of project management as espoused in the PMBOK Guide by PMI and mostly applied in practice. This foundation can be divided into a theory of project and a theory of management. We link theories to the body of knowledge by comparing prescriptions derived from theory to prescriptions presented in the PMBOK. Secondly, we show, by a comparison to competing theories and by an analysis of anomalies (deviations from assumptions or outcomes as implied in the body of knowledge) observed in project management practice, that this foundation is obsolete and has to be substituted by a wider and more powerful theoretical foundation. Introduction In a recent report on the future of project management and its professionals (Project Management Institute 1999), several global trends, such as technological advancements and the accelerated global change, were identified, in relation to which project management can take a leading role in facilitating and enabling the changes involved. The report also contains, in an appendix, a concise study on the development of bodies ...

Words: 7447 - Pages: 30

Premium Essay

Business

...product is developed, and rate of product improvement. 7. Managers and workers: people are the heart and soul of an organization. Their skills can be a competitive edge. Skills example is answering the phone: persons handling calls should be helpful, cheerful, prompt. Global 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. competition criteria: Changing in nature. Quality, service and prices competition. Continued growth of service sector. Scarcity of operations’ resources represents a limitation in competition. Rapid expansion of advanced technologies, to compete with global companies, you have to use a similar technology. Strategic alliances: joint ventures among international companies to exploit global business opportunity. Alliances are motivated by: a. Product or production technology b. Market access c....

Words: 13118 - Pages: 53

Premium Essay

International Marketing

...International Marketing Planning: Adaptation and Standardisation Professor Demetris Vrontis International Marketing Planning: Adaptation and Standardisation Professor Demetris Vrontis Dean, School of Business, University of Nicosia President, EuroMed Research Business Institute (EMRBI) Chairman, EuroMed Academy of Business (EMAB) Founding Editor, EuroMed Journal of Business (EMJB) 1 www.emrbi.com www.emeraldinsight.com/emjb.htm 2 International marketing planning (Vi.Mi.S.O.S.T.I.C.) Vi: vision - what is the desired future, principal goals and direction of our organisation? Mi: mission - what are the core corporate values? S: situation analysis - where are we now? O: objectives - where do we want to go? S: strategy - how do we get there - the broad direction? T: tactics - how do we get there - the details of strategies? I: implementation - what are the specific actions required to put the plan to work? C: control - how do we know we have arrived? 3 The screen versions of these slides have full details of copyright and acknowledgements 1 International Marketing Planning: Adaptation and Standardisation Professor Demetris Vrontis International marketing planning (Vi.Mi.S.O.S.T.I.C.) adaptation and standardisation Vi: vision Mi: mission S: situation analysis O: objectives S: strategy T: tactics (adaptation and standardisation) I: implementation C: control 4 International marketing planning International marketing planning can be defined as the...

Words: 2573 - Pages: 11

Premium Essay

Supply Chain Performance Measurement: a Literature Review

...International Journal of Production Research Vol. 48, No. 17, 1 September 2010, 5137–5155 Supply chain performance measurement: a literature review Goknur Arzu Akyuz* and Turan Erman Erkan Department of Industrial Engineering, Atilim University, Kizilcasar Mahallesi, 06836 Incek Go¨lbasi, Ankara, Turkey (Received 19 February 2009; final version received 2 June 2009) This paper is intended to provide a critical literature review on supply chain performance measurement. The study aims at revealing the basic research methodologies/approaches followed, problem areas and requirements for the performance management of the new supply chain era. The review study covers articles coming from major journals related with the topic, including a taxonomy study and detailed investigation as to the methodologies, approaches and findings of these works. The methodology followed during the conduct of this research includes starting with a broad base of articles lying at the intersection of supply chain, information technology (IT), performance measurement and business process management topics and then screening the list to have a focus on supply chain performance measurement. Findings reveal that performance measurement in the new supply era is still an open area of research. Further need of research is identified regarding framework development, empirical cross-industry research and adoption of performance measurement systems for the requirements of the new era, to include...

Words: 7390 - Pages: 30

Free Essay

Bullwhip Effect

...EFFECT BACKGROUND The bullwhip effect occurs when the demand is amplified in the supply chain as they move up in the channels of the supply chain of a firm. Distorted information from one end of a supply chain to the other can lead to tremendous inefficiencies. Companies can effectively counteract the bullwhip effect by thoroughly understanding its underlying causes. Procter & Gamble (P&G) introduce this term. Logistics executives at Procter & Gamble (P&G) examined the order patterns for one of their best-selling products, Pampers. Its sales at retail stores were fluctuating, but the variabilities were certainly not excessive. However, as they examined the distributors' orders, the executives were surprised by the degree of variability. When they looked at P&G's orders of materials to their suppliers, they discovered that the swings were even greater. At first glance, the variability did not make sense. While the consumers, in this case, the babies, consumed diapers at a steady rate, the demand order variability in the supply chain were amplified as they moved up the supply chain. P&G called this phenomenon the "bullwhip" effect. (In some industries, it is known as the "whiplash" or the "whipsaw" effect.) Causes of the Bullwhip Effect Researchers found out that the factors which cause the bullwhip effect are the demand forecasting and amplification of oeders to the upper level of the supply chain. The best illustration of the bullwhip effect is the well known "beer game...

Words: 1029 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Chapter 9

...Chapter 9 Profit Planning Solutions to Questions 9-1 A budget is a detailed quantitative plan for the acquisition and use of financial and other resources over a given time period. Budgetary control involves the use of budgets to control the actual activities of a firm. 9-2 1. Budgets communicate management’s plans throughout the organization. 2. Budgets force managers to think about and plan for the future. 3. The budgeting process provides a means of allocating resources to those parts of the organization where they can be used most effectively. 4. The budgeting process can uncover potential bottlenecks before they occur. 5. Budgets coordinate the activities of the entire organization by integrating the plans of its various parts. Budgeting helps to ensure that everyone in the organization is pulling in the same direction. 6. Budgets define goals and objectives that can serve as benchmarks for evaluating subsequent performance. 9-3 Responsibility accounting is a system in which a manager is held responsible for those items of revenues and costs—and only those items—that the manager can control to a significant extent. Each line item in the budget is made the responsibility of a manager who is then held responsible for differences between budgeted and actual results. 9-4 A master budget represents a summary of all of management’s plans and goals for the future, and outlines the way in which these plans are to be accomplished. The master budget...

Words: 9407 - Pages: 38

Premium Essay

Management Accounting

...Handbook of Management Accounting Research Edited by Christopher S. Chapman, Anthony G. Hopwood and Michael D. Shields r 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved Management Accounting and Operations Management: Understanding the Challenges from Integrated Manufacturing Allan Hansen and Jan Mouritsen Copenhagen Business School, Denmark Abstract: Innovations in operations management, like just-in-time, total quality management, automation, have produced a new manufacturing paradigm that challenges management accounting design and practices. The new manufacturing paradigm, which we conceptualise as integrated manufacturing, focuses upon the lateral flow of products and services, and thereby confronts management accounting ideals of hierarchical flows of information for planning and control. In this chapter, we take a closer look at management accounting research and the responses that have been made to the challenge from the new operational practices. We examine the extent to which changes in management accounting practices are observed, and the way in which design changes are recommended within organisations committed to the new manufacturing paradigm. Furthermore, we reflect upon the role of accounting as a management tool in integrated manufacturing, and on possible future research questions, so as to enrich our knowledge of the management accounting/operations management interface. Introduction Innovations in operations management (OM) have challenged management...

Words: 18027 - Pages: 73

Premium Essay

Production Planning

...PRODUCTION PLANNING AND CONTROL FOR REDUCING MANUFACTURING THROUGHPUT TIME Amey Dhar Dubey (fy7096) Arpit Sharma (fe2365) Bhavditya Sisodiya (fw6052) College of Engineering Wayne State University Detroit, Michigan ABSTRACT This paper scans the present state of Production Planning and Control (PPC) regarding the manufacturing industry. PPC needs to undergo internal and external changes by being more dynamic and properly utilizing resources and delivery performance. In order for this to happen, the concept of crashing much be applied to better understand of how different factors affect PPC systems performance. Crashing is reduces project time by overlapping or performing two or more different steps simultaneously using additional resources (PM PrepCast). Crashing the network is the reduction of project duration by contracting and compressing the network at minimum cost. Project duration can often be reduced by appointing more labours to project activities. However, when appointing more labours, the project cost increases due to overtime and more resources being used. Time and cost requirement must be balanced to reduce project duration. The gist of this paper covers production time, along with the cost applying the concept of crashing. In addition, time management with optimum cost is vital for any project. A method to obtain optimum cost and project duration minimization is outlined. This is achieved by fully crashing the critical path or by removing non-added...

Words: 3218 - Pages: 13

Premium Essay

Managing Inventory

...Submitted To : Dr Mohammed Nishat Faisal Course : Production & Operations Management Group L51 Subject : Inventory Management Project Subject List Part I Pages 1) Introduction 3 2) The Meaning Of Inventory Management 3 3) The Importance Of Inventory Management 3 , 4 , 5 4) How Does Wal-Mart Manage Their Inventory 5 , 6 , 7 5) Conclusion 7 , 8 Part II Pages 1) Networked Inventory Management Information Systems ( Emerald ) 9 , 10 2) Zero Inventory And Firm Performance (Taylor & Francis) 10 , 11 3) Managing Inventories In The Machine Building Industry (science direct ) 11 Introduction: Part I In any business or organization, all functions are interlinked and connected to each other and are often overlapping. Some key aspects like supply chain management, logistics and inventory form the backbone of the business delivery function. Therefore these functions are extremely important to marketing managers as well as finance controllers. Every organization constantly strives to maintain optimum inventory to be able to meet its requirements and avoid over or under inventory that can impact the financial figures. Inventory is always dynamic. Inventory management requires constant and careful evaluation of external and internal factors and control through planning and review. Most of the organizations have a separate...

Words: 2564 - Pages: 11

Premium Essay

Bdjobs Training

...Page |1 ABOUT US Bdjobs Training has been the biggest professional training house in the country. The tracks of its training programs include Marketing/Sales, IT , Commercial, Finance, Quality & Process, Industrial Engineering, RMG, Banking, HR, Development/NGO, Management Development and so forth. Since its inception, Bdjobs Training has been mentoring the professionals by providing latest industry focused education. BT, in this expedition, engages hundreds of industry experts to ensure quality education to the young entrepreneurs and professionals of the country. BT offers both short (1 or 2 days) and long courses in the form of workshop and certificate training. Also BT offers customized in-house training programs exclusively designed for a group of employees. Customized courses can be provided either at our training facilities or on-site at clients’ location. Our training programs are lively, interactive, and include role-playing and demonstrations of real-life workplace issues and solutions. bdjobstraining.com Page |2 bdjobstraining.com Page |3 TRAINING TRACKS Marketing/ Sales Track • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1111 Selling Techniques for Excellence 13 Lessons to turn every Company into Fantastic Brands Advance Selling Techniques Art of Pharmaceutical Sales Brand Management–Walking the Talk Branding for Bangladeshi Business Constructive & Modern Leadership Approach in Selling through Team...

Words: 2551 - Pages: 11

Premium Essay

Human Resource Planning

...INTRODUCTION TO HRP OBJECTIVES, NEED & IMPORTANCE OF HRP EVOLUTION OF HRP CONTEMPORARY APPROACH TO HRP CHAPTER 2: HRP PROCESS DEVELOPING A HR PLAN ADVANTAGES AND DISDVANTAGES OF HRP CHAPTER 3: INTERNAL FACTORS AFFECTING HRP EXTERNAL FACTORS AFFECTING HRP IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON HRP CHAPTER 4: A SCOTTISH POWER CASE STUDYINTRODUCTION FACTORS AFFECTING WORKFORCE PLANNING AT SCOTTISH POWER 4.2 SCOTTISH POWER’S RESPONSE TO WORKFORCE CHALLENGES 4.3 4.4 EMPLOYEE CASE STUDY CONCLUSION CONCLUSION BIBLIOGRAPHY 37 39 40 41 34 Page No. 1 4 7 8 11 15 17 21 26 29 31 33 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING Human resource planning (HRP) is the first step in the Human Resource Management (HRM) process. The real HRM process starts with the number and kind of people required by the organization for the coming period. HRP is also known by other names such as “Manpower planning”, “Employment planning”, “Labor Planning”, “Personnel Planning” etc. HRP is a sub-system in the total organizational planning. In other words, HRP is derived from the organizational planning just like production planning, sales planning, material planning etc. Planning the right man for right job and developing him into effective team member is an important function of every manager. It is because HR is an important corporate asset and performance of organizations depends upon the way it is put in use. HRP is a deliberate strategy for acquisition, improvement and preservation of enterprise’s human resources. It is...

Words: 12141 - Pages: 49

Premium Essay

Operations of Fast Group

...on the factory visit to the adhesive plant of Fast Group in Tejgaon. Information has been gathered mostly through face to face interview and according to your requirements. We have put in our best efforts to fulfill the criteria required by this term paper. We humbly request your acceptance of the submission of this term paper. Yours sincerely, ZR-65 Sazid Ahmad RH-118 Fabbiha Zahin RH-78 Afsin Ahmed ZR-122 Ahmed Istehad ZR- 79 Johan Ahmed RH- 123 Sababa Tania Shiney RH-82 Nuzzat Salsabil ZR- 127 Ahmed Muntasir Mahin RH-87 Shagufta Tasnim Nur ZR- 128 Md. Al-Amin RH-88 Anika Tabassum ZR- 98 Md. Abdullah Al- Zabir ZR 103 Manis Das ZR-108 Imrul Hasnat Shakil ZR-111 Mohammad Jishanur Rahman Rumi iii | P a g e Executive Summary FAST group, starting its journey in 1993 has now become a major player in the adhesive industry of...

Words: 7658 - Pages: 31