...thoracic, lumbar, or irradiation in the limbs), duration (acute, sub-acute, chronic), or level of functional disability [1]. Lumbar pain is determined as a pain, muscle tension or stiffness that occurs between the last thoracic vertebra and the lower gluteal folds, with or without leg pain [1–3]. Chronic low back pain appears more often by working population in adulthood [1] and fluctuates during time, appears at different occurrences with different intensities and disability [4]. The complexity of symptoms could be associated with physical, psychical and recently genetic factors, as well most efficiently managed using multidisciplinary approach [5]. Spinal pain is common problem also among children and adolescents [3,6]. A cross-sectional study of 806 pupils in Denmark shows that children between 8-10 years suffer more from thoracic pain and 14 to 16 old adolescents equally from thoracic and low back pain, all together with a monthly prevalence of 39%...
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...ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION Relationship Between Concussion and Neuropsychological Performance in College Football Players Michael W. Collins, PhD Scott H. Grindel, MD Mark R. Lovell, PhD Duane E. Dede, PhD David J. Moser, PhD Benjamin R. Phalin, BS Sally Nogle, MA, ATC Michael Wasik, MEd, ATC David Cordry, MA Michelle Klotz Daugherty, MA Samuel F. Sears, PhD Guy Nicolette, MD Peter Indelicato, MD Douglas B. McKeag, MD T HE MANAGEMENT OF MILD TRAU- matic brain injury (MTBI; eg, concussion, defined as a traumatically induced alteration in mental status not necessarily resulting in loss of consciousness) in athletics is currently one of the most compelling challenges in sports medicine. Despite the high prevalence1 and potentially serious outcomes2,3 associated with concussion, systematic research on this topic is lacking. Many sports medicine practitioners are not satisfied with current return-to-play and treatment options, which do not appear to be evidence based.4-6 There is also little research examining whether long-term cognitive See also pp 954, 958, 971, 974, and 989. 964 JAMA, September 8, 1999—Vol 282, No. 10 Context Despite the high prevalence and potentially serious outcomes associated with concussion in athletes, there is little systematic research examining risk factors and short- and long-term outcomes. Objectives To assess the relationship between concussion history and learning disability (LD) and the association of these...
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...not incorporate the probabilities of attack. In attack response tree (ART), attack and response are both captured but ART suffers from the problem of state-space explosion, since solution of ART is obtained by means of a state-space model. In this paper, we present a novel attack tree paradigm called attack countermeasure tree (ACT) which avoids the generation and solution of a state-space model and takes into account attacks as well as countermeasures (in the form of detection and mitigation events). In ACT, detection and mitigation are allowed not just at the leaf node but also at the intermediate nodes while at the same time the state-space explosion problem is avoided in its analysis. We study the consequences of incorporating countermeasures in the ACT using three case studies (ACT for BGP attack, ACT for a SCADA attack and ACT for malicious insider attacks). Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. KEYWORDS attack trees; non-state-space model; mincuts;...
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...Pakistan Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 2012, Vol. 10, No, 1, 10-16 Emotional Behaviour and Academic Achievement in Middle School Children Nazar Hussain Soomro and Jane Clarbour Department of Psychology, University of York, USA The present study investigates the relationship between emotional behaviour and academic achievement in middle school children in Hyderabad, Pakistan. One hundred and forty-six students of grade 8 completed the Emotional Behavioural Scale for Pakistani Adolescents (EBS-PA; Soomro, 2010), and rendered measures of their social anxiety, malevolent aggression, and social self-esteem scores. These measures cumulatively represented emotional behaviour in these children, based upon Clarbour and Roger‟s (2004) model of emotional style, on which the EBS-PA scale is based. We then ascertained academic grades of these students from their school records and ran correlation between academic achievement (grades) and emotional behaviour measures. Results revealed academic achievement to be negatively associated with malevolent aggression, but positively related to social self-esteem. In addition, mediator analysis indicated social self-esteem to partially mediate the relationship between malevolent aggression and academic achievement. Keywords: emotional behaviour, academic achievement, adolescents, Pakistani There is robust evidence that emotional and behavioural problems are related with academic difficulties (Arnold, 1997; Hinshaw, 1992). These associations...
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...hypercalcemia of malignancy; Paget’s disease of bone; multiple myeloma; and metastases from distant sites such as breast, thyroid, prostate glands, and lung. The oral form of BPs is indicated in the management of osteoporosis, fibrous dysplasia, and most recently, osteogenesis imperfecta in the pediatric population.2,3 Currently, there are 5 bisphosphonates in clinical use: alendronate (Fosamax; Merck, Whitehouse Station, NJ), risedronate (Actonel; Proctor & Gamble Pharmaceuticals, Cincinnati, OH), ibandronate (Boniva; Roche Pharmaceuticals, Nutley, NY), zoledronate (Zometa; Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ), and pamidronate (Aredia; Novartis Pharmaceuticals). All 5 medications differ in their binding affinity to bone, potency, and duration.2–5 B Osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) is a condition characterized by necrotic exposed bone in the jaws of patients receiving intravenous or oral bisphosphonate therapy. A review of the medical and dental literature reveals that the pathoetiology of ONJ remains unknown and there is no established link that bisphosphonates are the primary cause of this bone pathology. However, there is clinical evidence that Actinomyces may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of bisphosphonate-associated ONJ. Identification and a prolonged course of oral antimicrobial therapy may lead to complete resolution of this actinomycotic osteonecrosis. (Implant Dent...
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...Vaccination for Low-, Intermediate-, and High-Risk Senior Citizens Kristin L. Nichol, MD, MPH; J. Wuorenma, RN, BSN; T. von Sternberg, MD Background: Vaccination rates for healthy senior citizens are lower than those for senior citizens with underlying medical conditions such as chronic heart or lung disease. Uncertainty about the benefits of influenza vaccination for healthy senior citizens may contribute to lower rates of utilization in this group. Objective: To clarify the benefits of influenza vaccina- tion among low-risk senior citizens while concurrently assessing the benefits for intermediate- and high-risk senior citizens. Methods: All elderly members of a large health maintenance organization were included in each of 6 consecutive study cohorts. Subjects were grouped according to risk status: high risk (having heart or lung disease), intermediate risk (having diabetes, renal disease, stroke and/or dementia, or rheumatologic disease), and low risk. Outcomes were compared between vaccinated and unvaccinated subjects after controlling for baseline demographic and health characteristics. Results: There were more than 20 000 subjects in each pitalizations (P .001), a 32% decrease in hospitalizations for all respiratory conditions (P .001), and a 27% decrease in hospitalizations for congestive heart failure (P .001). Immunization was also associated with a 50% reduction in all-cause mortality (P .001). Within the risk subgroups, vaccine effectiveness was 29%, 32%, and 49% for...
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...Human Resources for SME Competitive Advantage: A Pakistan Survey Questionnaier 12/18/2014 Abdul Salam Khan - 10657 Sara Salim - Amber – Hina – Faiza Naeem - Daniyal Hassan - Course Fascilitator: Dr. Naveed R. Khan Introduction: By Amber Problem Statement: The intention of this report is to focus on the comparative analysis of Human Resources for Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) in Pakistan. Past researches have primarily focused on the relationship between individual human resource (HR) practices and firm performance, but the recent research studies are based on different factors of Human Resource practices and their impact on performance outcomes. In Pakistan, Human Resource Management is in developing stage & most of the companies are trying to adopt the best practices of it. Research Objective: The objective of this report is to highlight the comparative research of Human Reources factors in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Pakistan. Research Question: In view of the above discussion the following research question have been constructed: Q1. To what extend do the firm’s apply Human Resource Practices in SMEs. This research question examines the comparative analysis of adoption of HR practices in SMEs. Conclusion: SMEs played a vital and significant role in the development of the country’s economy. Most developed countries provide facilities to...
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...University, Inquire-UK and Inquire-Europe Joint Spring Conference, Institute for Advanced Studies (Vienna), Stockholm Institute for Financial Research (SIFR), Tel Aviv University, University of Manitoba, University of Toronto, Washington University at St. Louis, and especially an anonymous referee, for useful comments. All errors are ours. Investing in Mutual Funds when Returns are Predictable Abstract This paper analyzes the performance of portfolio strategies that invest in noload, open-end U.S. domestic equity mutual funds, incorporating predictability in (i) manager skills, (ii) fund risk-loadings, and (iii) benchmark returns. Predictability in manager skills is found to be the dominant source of investment profitability – long-only strategies that incorporate such predictability considerably outperform prior-documented “hot-hands” and “smart-money” strategies, and generate positive and significant performance with respect to the Fama-French and momentum benchmarks. Specifically, these strategies outperform their benchmarks by 2-4% per year through their ability to time industries over the business cycle. Moreover, they choose individual funds that outperform their industry benchmarks to achieve an additional 3-6% per year. Overall, our findings indicate that industries are important in locating outperforming mutual funds, and that active management adds much more value than documented by prior studies. Introduction About $4 trillion is...
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...The Role of the Healthcare Provider by Joy Magness PhD APRN-BC Adolescent Pregnancy: Abstract: Although pregnancy rates have declined over the last 20 years, adolescents who become pregnant are viewed as a group at risk for adverse outcomes. In many instances, this view conflicts with the perception of the pregnant teen. Healthcare providers who work with this population have an essential role in ensuring a positive experience for the mother, father, and family network. This paper provides a brief review of adolescent pregnancy and the general role of the healthcare provider. Keywords: adolescent pregnancy, healthcare provider in adolescent pregnancy Adolescent pregnancy has been delineated as a social problem worthy of addressing from a prevention perspective in the Healthy People 2020 national objectives (Office of Population Affairs, 2010). Pregnancy between the ages of 10 and 19 has been portrayed as a crisis and associated with negative emotional, physical, and financial repercussions. United States taxpayers incur about 9 billion dollars per year secondary to teen childbearing expenses (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). Although adolescent pregnancy is not ideal for most life trajectories, it does not have to be regarded as an all-encompassing, unfavorable life event. Nurses are the health care providers who have the most prolonged interactions with women during the pregnancy, birth, and postpartum period; hence, they have a paramount role in...
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...Part 1 Study of the Law in General Chapter 1 LEARNING OBJECTIVES After reading this chapter, the learner should be able to: 1. Differentiate between public and private law. 2. Compare and contrast contract and tort law. 3. Compose a scenario that illustrates the difference between the substantive and procedural aspects of criminal law. 4. Identify and explain the differences between various sources of law. 5. Describe the branches of government and their roles in creating, administering, and enforcing law. 6. Explain the process of how a bill becomes a law. 7. List and describe quasi-legal requirements to which health-care organizations are subject. KEY CONCEPTS Common law Conflict of laws Constitution Contract law Deeming authority Electronic case filing systems Felonies 2 Law Misdemeanors Ordinances Private law Procedural law Public law Res judicata Separation of powers Stare decisis Statutes Substantive law Tort law Words of authority Workings of the American Legal System INTRODUCTION As health care becomes more complex, the interplay between the law and health care increases. Government regulation of the health-care field continues almost without pause while lawsuits against health-care providers appear to increase. The interplay of these forces significantly affects the health information manager’s ability to manage patient-specific health information. Thus, the health information manager must possess a fundamental...
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...Knowledge Area Module VI Contemporary Issues and the Ethical Delivery of Health Services Student: Harold Taitt, harold.taitt@waldenu.edu Student ID # A00293212 Program: Ph.D. Health Services Specialization: Health Management and Policy Faculty Mentor: Dr. Robert Hoye, robert.hoye@waldenu.edu Faculty Assessor: Dr. Jim Goes, jim.goes@waldenu.edu Walden University May 10, 2013 Abstract Breadth Component In this age of rapidly evolving technological advances, many of the legal and ethical issues that are challenging the delivery of health care and the health care profession are new. As we confront the legal, moral, and ethical aspects of health care, we are seldom faced with decisions that require or are resolved by simple right or wrong answers (Edge & Kreiger, 1998). In the Breadth component of KAM VI, I focus on several ethical theories and how those theories influence the way ethical issues and concerns are addressed and managed in the allocation and delivery of health care services. I critically assess and evaluate those theories, concepts, and derivative principles as they impact important decisions and the implications of those decisions within the context of social change and with special emphasis on health care management and policy. In addition, I discuss the key assumptions on which the selected theories are constructed, compare and contrast the writers’ interpretations across theories, and conclude by providing a critical commentary on the merits of the selected...
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...also lead to defects like blindness. Because of its horrifying effects on human health, the researchers planned to conduct a study using makopa, a native Philippine fruit, to be a component of a natural medicine for diabetes. Makopa (Syzygium samarangense) leaves have been found to have antihyperglycemic properties. The researchers thought of another way to produce the same result by using the fruit instead of the leaves. The fruit was put into a food processor, to separate the liquid extract and from the pulp. The retrieved extract was filtered using cheesecloth to remove impurities. The pure extract was put into a vial. The pulp of the fruit was sun dried, powdered using a blender. The resulting powder was combined with the pure extract. The extract from the pulp was the tea that can be orally taken by the mice through regulated feeding. Having produced two products, the researchers were able to come up with a pure makopa extract, and be able to apply current discoveries and studies to produce a medicinal product from makopa. Background of the Study The study was conducted to prevent and cure diabetes through makopa. Also, the study was driven by the medical history of diabetes in the families of two out of three researchers. Because of diabetes’ horrifying effects on human health and it is continuous effect on a larger population, this study aimed to produce a natural cure and prevention for this illness using a native fruit, makopa. Though makopa is found to have...
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... - ! A Case Study of Asset Impairments on Enterprise Issue- Example of a Visual Photonics Company. " # $ % ' & ( ) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 E A @ D C B 93 35 94 12 31 () 35 35 35 IG PHF I 7 1 Abstract Numerous financial scandals have erupted in recent years worldwide. The focus of investors now centers upon whether financial reports truly reflect the value of enterprises. To increase the transparency of financial statements of domestic enterprises, to improve understanding by foreign investors, and to help bring the Taiwan stock market more in-line with international standards, the Financial Accounting Standards Committee of Taiwan promulgated the “Accounting for Impairment of Assets” in its Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 35 on July 1, 2004, which applies to the financial reports of companies with fiscal year ending on December 31, 2004. Companies can also elect to adopt this rule earlier than the required date. Because this is the first time “impairment of assets” accounting is adopted in Taiwan, many enterprises will experience a significant impact. It is also expected that share prices will reflect the “short-term pain for long-term benefits” view in the capital markets. This research paper employs case study methods to investigate the industry background of the companies under study and the related procedures in their ...
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...Dissertations from the International Graduate School of Management and Industrial Engineering, IMIE No.93, Licentiate Thesis Linköping Studies in Science and Technology Thesis No. 1180, LiU-TEK-LIC 2005:35 Logistics Collaboration in Supply Chains – A Survey of Swedish Manufacturing Companies Erik Sandberg Logistics Management Department of Management and Economics Linköpings universitet, SE-581 83 Linköping © Erik Sandberg, 2005 LiU-Tek-Lic-2005:35, Thesis No. 1180 ISBN: 91-85299-80-4 ISSN: 0280-7971 ISSN: 1402-0793 Printed by: UniTryck, Linköping Distributed by: Linköpings universitet Department of Management and Economics SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden Tel: +46 13 281000, fax: +46 13 281873 Abstract The purpose of this thesis is to describe logistics collaboration in supply chains. During the past two decades, a new trend towards integration and collaboration in supply chains has been recognised among researchers as well as among business practitioners. This philosophy is called supply chain management and has received enormous attention in logistics research. Collaboration based on supply chain management is expected to reduce total cost and improve service towards the supply chain’s end customers at the same time. The argumentation in existing literature is however seldom underpinned by more rigorous empirical material and becomes therefore conceptual and superficial. Furthermore, it is incongruous about what actually is done when companies collaborate and...
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...Study Unit Computer-Assisted Legal Research By Melynda Hill-Teter Reviewed By Brian Bastyr, Esq. About the Author Melynda Hill-Teter is a 1991 graduate of the Legal Assistantship Program at the University of California at Santa Barbara, an American Bar Association approved school. She has more than 20 years of experience in the legal field, and specializes in legal computer applications. Ms. Hill-Teter has received a Paralegal Certificate of Mastery in LexisNexis online research. She has published articles in Legal Assistant Today and Law Office Computing. Ms. Hill-Teter is employed as a litigation paralegal in Scottsdale, Arizona. About the Reviewer Brian Bastyr is a senior attorney editor for West Group, a legal publishing company. He earned a bachelor’s degree at the University of Illinois, and a juris doctor from the University of Illinois College of Law. He is currently a member of the Illinois bar, and has published a number of articles in legal journals. Screen shots in this study unit are reprinted with the permission of LEXISNEXIS, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. Paralegals spend a good deal of their work lives conducting legal and factual research. Good research skills are very important for a successful paralegal career. Legal databases constantly change their legal content, as well as the way to search for that content. Paralegals therefore must keep their research skills up-to-date and stay on top of changes in the law as well as the newest ways...
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