1. Two of the first emotions to appear in infants are pleasure and pain. Pleasure is encountered when they are fed or when they are about to sleep. Pain is often felt when they are hungry, scared or tired. They also feel pain when they have a colic, which is the result of an immature digestion.
2. Anger in infants is usually triggered by frustration. Infants detest being held back from doing what they want such as being caged or strapped in. Anger is said to be a healthy response compared to sadness which suggests withdrawal. An overwhelming amount in sadness in early life associates with depression later on.
3. 1-year-olds usually fear being separated from someone they are accustomed to being around or sleeping with, such as a parent. This …show more content…
A working model is “a set of assumptions that become a frame of reference from later life.”(p.153). It derives from the cognitive theory instead of the other theories because it is developed from early experiences. A person could be surprised by an incident that occurred to a person they considered to be trustworthy which proved them to be otherwise.
22. According to humanism, people who are self-actualized disregard their own personal needs and put the infants’ needs before theirs. They are able to nurture the infant despite their needs. Though they are responsive to the infant, caregivers also seek love and respect.
23. Evolution explains the parent-child bond because the evolutionary theory really emphasizes two needs and they are survival and reproduction. These tasks are something especially easy for humans. It takes approximately 20 years of maturation for the brain to reach its full potential.
24. Allocare is necessary for survival of the human species. This is because if each mother raised the child up until they were independent enough to take care of themselves and provide for themselves, there would not be enough time for another offspring because the mother would be worn out. It is important for children to bond with other people besides their mother, that way their mother has time for another child and the species continues to …show more content…
Infant care by relatives can be less stressful in a financial manner. A lot of parents get paid leave from their jobs. Day care can be very expensive as it can total to hundreds of dollars a week. Not only do infants get a closer bond with their parents at home, but they also spend more time there, becoming familiar with their place.
27. It is difficult to draw conclusions about infant day care because infant care is different in each nation and “informal in-family arrangements speak to the ingenuity of parents trying to cope but be devil child care statistics.” (p.157) This is a controversial topic because you can’t associate the constant daycare pattern to an accurate outcome. A lot of people believe that their traditions are better for their children at home, so it is difficult for them to put them in a daycare system.
28. A benefit of children having employed mothers is that since their mom has a job, it reduces stress on the child’s parents and reduces the chances of parental depression. This leads to a happier child. A disadvantage is that while the mother is at work, the child is bonding with somebody else. This can later lead to problems with the mother-child bond in the future if the mother works continuous long