...Palestine (Arabic: فلسطين Filasṭīn, Falasṭīn, Filisṭīn; Greek: Παλαιστίνη, Palaistinē; Latin: Palaestina; Hebrew: פלשתינה Palestina) is a geographic region in Western Asia between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River. It is sometimes considered to include adjoining territories. The name was used by Ancient Greek writers, and was later used for the Roman province Syria Palaestina, the Byzantine Palaestina Prima and the Umayyad and Abbasid province of Jund Filastin. The region is also known as the Land of Israel (Hebrew: ארץ־ישראל Eretz-Yisra'el),[1] the Holy Land, the Southern Levant,[2] Cisjordan, and historically has been known by other names including Canaan, Southern Syria and Jerusalem. Situated at a strategic location between Egypt, Syria and Arabia, and the birthplace of Judaism and Christianity, the region has a long and tumultuous history as a crossroads for religion, culture, commerce, and politics. The region has been controlled by numerous different peoples, including Ancient Egyptians, Canaanites, Israelites, Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Ancient Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, the Sunni Arab Caliphates, the Shia Fatimid Caliphate, Crusaders, Ayyubids, Mameluks, Ottomans, the British and modern Israelis and Palestinians. Boundaries of the region have changed throughout history, and were last defined in modern times by the Franco-British boundary agreement (1920) and the Transjordan memorandum of 16 September 1922, during the mandate period.[3] Today, the...
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...Israel-Palestine Conflict Haaretz vs. Al Jazeera vs. Fox and CNN Palestinian President, Mahmoud Abbas, recently won the United Nations’ General Assembly vote of Palestine being recognized as an observer state and now they are officially considered the “State of Palestine” by popular vote. Israel and the United States, however, did not recognize Palestine’s upgrade within the UN. This issue is very important to understand the United States’ role in today’s Israel-Palestine relations. The United States’ most watched news channels, Fox and CNN, have a very one-sided view on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict—generally one that favors Israel. Al Jazeera, the most popular Arab news channel, seems objective for the most part, but occasionally Palestinian favoritism can be seen. Haaretz newspaper, the most read Israeli newspaper in English, seems to be neutral, but also anti-Hamas on this debate; however, it does acknowledge good aspects of the Palestinian side. All of this is apparent through the wording used in the articles, the various sources of each news channel’s information, and the amount of opinions versus fact based information included in each article. The United States is a proud supporter of Israel and has been ever since Israel declared statehood. As seen in history, Israel has had full U.S. support not only militarily, but through the media also. The CNN and Fox articles are both about how the Palestine is treated, or should be treated by the United States. The...
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...made three different promises regarding historic Palestine. Arab leaders were assured that the land would become independent; in the Balfour declaration, Britain indicated its support for a Jewish national home in Palestine; and secretly Britain arranged with its allies to divide up Ottoman territory, with Palestine becoming part of the British empire. Historians have engaged in detailed exegesis of the relevant texts and maps, but the fundamental point is that Britain had no moral right to assign Palestine to anyone. By right Palestine belonged to its inhabitants. In the late l9th century, anti-Semitism became especially virulent in Russia and re-emerged in France. Some Jews concluded that Jews would only be safe in a Jewish state and thus founded Zionism. Most Jews at the time rejected Zionism, preferring instead to address the problem of anti-Semitism through revolutionary or reformist politics or assimilation. For many orthodox Jews, especially the small Jewish community in Palestine, a Jewish state could only be established by God, not by humans. At first Zionists were willing to consider other sites for their Jewish state, but they eventually focused on Palestine for its biblical connections. The problem, however, was that although a Zionist slogan called Palestine "a land without people for a people without land," the land was not empty. Following World War I, Britain arranged for the League of Nations to make Palestine a British "mandate," that is, a colony to be administered...
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...British mandate of Palestine The British Mandate for Palestine, also known as the Palestine Mandate and the British Mandate of Palestine, was a legal commission for the administration of Palestine, the draft of which was formally confirmed by the Council of the League of Nations on 24 July 1922 and which came into effect on 26 September 1923.[1] The document was based on the principles contained in Article 22 of the draftCovenant of the League of Nations and the San Remo Resolution of 25 April 1920 by the principal Allied and associated powers after the First World War.[1] The mandate formalised British rule in the Southern part of Ottoman Syria from 1923–1948. With the League of Nations' consent on 16 September 1922, the UK divided the Mandate territory into two administrative areas, Palestine, under direct British rule, and autonomous Transjordan, under the rule of the Hashemite family from Hijaz Saudi Arabia, in accordance with the McMahon Pledge of 1915.[1]Transjordan was exempt from the Mandate provisions concerning the Jewish National Home.[1][2] The preamble of the mandate declared: Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have also agreed that the Mandatory should be responsible for putting into effect the declaration originally made on November 2nd, 1917, by the Government of His Britannic Majesty, and adopted by the said Powers, in favour of the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, it being clearly understood that nothing should be done...
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...Issue of Cease-fire between Israel and Hamas not likely to be Resolved International Community has urged Israel to not wage a ground war against Palestine but on Sunday, July 13th Israel has launched a ground attack in which around 18 members of the a family dies. The incursion by Israel was centred to the site from where Hamas, The Sunni Islamist Group in Gaza Strip was launching its long ranged rockets targeted to the Israel. Israel and Hamas indulged in a fight since few weeks, till now Hamas was using rockets to attack Israel and in counter Israel was using airstrikes but now as the situation become severe Israel has took the route of incursion from ground. Restoration of Cease-fire between Israel and Gaza Strip has been issue of discussion among many regional as well as international players. Quartet on Middle East named Group has been established in 2002 to mediate the peace talks in between Israel and Palestine, four member entities of this group are United States, Russia, European Union and United Nations. Special Envoy of the group, Tony Blair visited Cairo in Egypt regarding the issue and had a meeting with President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi to facilitate peace talk between Israel and Hamas so that a cease-fire can be restored between them. But as the sources revealed efforts to stop the conflict are going in vain because Hamas has asserted that there is no possibility of peace now and the Islamist group won’t become the part of any truce. As no international player is actually...
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...// In a crowded corner of southern Beirut, tucked behind a row of street stalls where traders hawk DVDs, shoes and clothes, lies an unremarkable patch of land, empty except for a collection of placards and posters. Related ■ Sabra and Shatila: defenceless victims were butchered by militiamen ■ A warning from history: how a massacre is remembered Topic Middle East unrest Lebanon Middle East One shows a woman standing over a pile of bloated, twisted bodies, an arm raised to the sky and a look of bewilderment on her face. Others have images of dead bodies and a man wailing as he holds up the bloodied corpse of a baby. One placard reads: "We will never forget." And here, indeed, they cannot forget. For this nondescript patch of land in Ghobeiry is a mass grave containing the unidentified bodies of scores, perhaps hundreds, of hastily buried men, women and children massacred 30 years ago in the nearby Palestinian refugee camps of Sabra and Shatila. For three days, Lebanese Christian militia scoured the camps and systematically slaughtered refugees trapped inside by an Israeli military cordon. The massacre, against the backdrop of the country's 15-year civil war and Israel's invasion the same year, shocked Lebanon and Israel, and appalled a wider world that had thought itself inured to senseless bloodshed in what it saw as an inherently fratricidal corner of the Middle East. Three decades later, there has been no accountability and no historical reckoning:...
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...the country is now deemed a crime Crossing the road crosses enemy lines Penning them in or forcing them out Human rights law is something to flout Gaza, a death zone, kids without homes Crying for Daddy who will never come home. Abused turned abuser, Zionists claim That 'holocaust' only refers to their pain. Recreating scenes from the Nazi Regime What does extermination of the Palestinians mean? Now in exile from their homeland An exodus after a plague on the land? A familiar story that is told of the Jews Update the Bible, it's still in the news Land promised by God to the 12 tribes of Israel? All Arabs too are descendants of Ismail Abrahim's children born of a slave Is that a reason to dig them a grave? Liberation for Palestine is the New World Order And yet still, your land, it haunts my once pleasant dreams Your people,...
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...The conflict between Israel and Palestine has an important significance because it's not only a territorial dispute, but also a cultural and religious one. The issue of recognition of the State of Palestine it's a problem hard to analyse considering the history of the belligerents and their argument about being hegemonic. The conflict emerged in 1917 when the Balfour Declaration gave Israelis permission to establish in Palestine and was soon followed by a Palestinian manifesto in 1933, but the dispute became military in 1948 when the civil war turned in the First Arab-Israeli War won by the Zionists with the help of the West. This followed the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel by David Ben-Gurion, the executive head of the World Zionist Organization. The armistice in 1949 led to a disjointed Palestine, with an Arab population of which half was made up of refugees. For twenty years, since the proclamation of the State of Israel and until the Six-Day War, Palestinians were reduced to silence under the occupation of Nasser's Egypt. As for the few who chose not to live under the occupation of Zionists, they were considered a mass of refugees under the protection of UN and UNRWA. In 1950, UNRWA was taking care of 957.000 Palestinians. On the other hand, Israel's population nearly doubled. This state of coercion, fear and insecurity led to the birth of The Palestine Liberation Organization by the Arab League in Cairo (1964) which brings into the open...
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...Chapter I Summary As the novella opens, Mr. Jones, the proprietor and overseer of the Manor Farm, has just stumbled drunkenly to bed after forgetting to secure his farm buildings properly. As soon as his bedroom light goes out, all of the farm animals except Moses, Mr. Jones’s tame raven, convene in the big barn to hear a speech by Old Major, a prize boar and pillar of the animal community. Sensing that his long life is about to come to an end, Major wishes to impart to the rest of the farm animals a distillation of the wisdom that he has acquired during his lifetime. As the animals listen raptly, Old Major delivers up the fruits of his years of quiet contemplation in his stall. The plain truth, he says, is that the lives of his fellow animals are “miserable, laborious, and short.” Animals are born into the world as slaves, worked incessantly from the time they can walk, fed only enough to keep breath in their bodies, and then slaughtered mercilessly when they are no longer useful. He notes that the land upon which the animals live possesses enough resources to support many times the present population in luxury; there is no natural reason for the animals’ poverty and misery. Major blames the animals’ suffering solely on their human oppressors. Mr. Jones and his ilk have been exploiting animals for ages, Major says, taking all of the products of their labor—eggs, milk, dung, foals—for themselves and producing nothing of value to offer the animals in return. Old Major relates...
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...There is a lot of things that you do not know about Israel and Palestinian conflict. In 1948, Israel declared independence as a new country in the region of the Middle East, also called Palestine. The inhabitants of that land were a mixture of Jews, Muslims, and Christians who had been ruled by the Ottoman Empire and the British Empire. After fighting the new country of Israel in a civil war, they spent the last 65 years being refugees in the Gaza Strip and West Bank without complete independence, but they are anti-semitisms, which means that they are against jews or Israelis. Nation is a large aggregate of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting particular country or territory. Palestinians does not deserve to be its own nation. Palestinians wants to become a nation because then they can have a stronger defense force. According to Document 8, it shows that a lot of Israelis died from terrorism and Palestinian violence especially in 1948 and 2002. This shows that the Palestinians wants its own nation because they are...
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...causes of Israel-Palestine war? TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT AANALYSIS THE CAUSES OF ISRAEL/PALESTINE CONFLICT: THE FIRST INTIFADA 1987-93 DIVIDING THE MAP THE 1948 WAR ZIONISM 1967/OCCUPATION THE ARABS, TERRORISM & SECURITY: “NO SOLUTION” THE WALL/FENCE/BARRIER DELEGITIMIZING THE STATEHOOD DECLARATION BY PALESTINE THE IMPACT OF SCARCE WATER RESOURCES ON THE ARAB-ISRAEL CONFLICT CAMP DAVID FAILURE THE ISRAEL-PALESTINE CONFLICT IS CENTRAL TO THE MILITANTS’ CAUSE Abstract The notion of this research essay is to discuss the causes of the Israel-Palestine war. The first priority of the paper is to address the war in detail by describing the war. Another perspective that the essay will take in answering the causes of the Israel-Palestine war is to address the period of the war and how it emerged. The Israel-Palestine war is also denounced as the primary consequence that has formed the Israel-Arab war. The nature of the war is somehow a contagious form of war as it is fundamental in the creation of the upheaval of the Arab states conflict. The essay will also discuss the causes in the different sequence. This will be done by stating which cause took place before the following cause emerged. The principal ideology of the essay is to come to a founding cause that resulted to the war preceding other causes. Therefore the research paper will discuss the causes of the Israel conflict with the aim of establishing the causes that formed the Israel-Palestine war. The emergence...
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...between those who look to the future and those who cling to the past; between those who open their arms and those who are determined to clench their fists (William J. Clinton, 2013). Even though people who live in Palestine/Turkey/Syria area between1988 - 2013 have been in a state of war, peace will soon come. The Middle East is at constant war, peace will not come soon enough if rules don’t apply to self-government. In the 1800’s Europe wanted to colonize Palestine land know as Zionists. The majority of the population was Jewish, which they wanted to create a Jewish homeland. This did not create a conflict until more Zionist immigrants population increased and talks of them taking over the Jewish land. The conflict in Palestine grew when Germany leader Adolf Hitler combined with Zionist engagements to disrupt efforts to reside Jewish refugees in western countries. The Zionists armies outnumbered the Arab and the Palestine army combined, and they fought on Palestine land. At the end of the war, Israel had taken over seventy-eight percent of the Palestine’s land; this is what has led up to the current conflict today. Muslims and Christians are unable to return to their home which is now a Jewish State. In November 1988 the National Council of Palestine declared Palestine as a state. The formal beginning of the peace process started to unite the Arabs and Israel this process was called the Oslo Accords or the Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements. The...
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...No Place Like Home Edward Said's States is an excerpt from his book After the Last Sky: Palestinian Lives. It's a story about Palestine, once a country, but now spread out into a million pieces of the people that once called it home. The pieces being more of memories of a time when Palestinians could be who they are, not a scattered and forgotten people. They all face a new struggle, a struggle to find their identity. "Identity- who we are, where we come from, what we are- is difficult to maintain in exile. Most other people take their identity for granted. Not the Palestinian, who is required to show proofs of identity more or less constantly." (Page 546) Said, being Palestinian himself, tells us this story in what was called a "hybrid" type of writing. He does this by letting the pictures take precedence in telling his story but then describes each picture by going back and forth from a history point of view, to his own recollections of his childhood. The way he describes each picture makes you feel as if you were at one time in that picture and can feel an emotional connection to it. Through each photo, we get a really sense of what it is like to be Palestinian, to have it all taken away and how they started new. The way Said puts the story together without any time frame, is an example of why his writing style was described as a hybrid. He will start with describing a picture by telling us facts about his country and then interrupt himself, like he's actually have...
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...earlier phases of the same conflict, between the Zionist yishuv and the Arab population living in Palestine under Ottoman and then British rule. It forms part of the wider Arab–Israeli conflict. The remaining key issues are: mutual recognition, borders, security, water rights, control of Jerusalem, Israeli settlements, Palestinian freedom of movement and legalities concerning refugees. The violence resulting from the conflict has prompted international actions, as well as other security and human rights concerns, both within and between both sides, and internationally. In addition, the violence has curbed expansion of tourism in the region, which is full of historic and religious sites that are of interest to many people around the world. The Palestinian Authority has announced its intentions to ask the United Nations to recognize the establishment of a sovereign Palestinian state. What is the significance of such recognition? Can the United Nations establish a Palestinian state? In order to address this question appropriately, it is first necessary to correct the common misconception that the United Nations established the State of Israel. On November 29, 1947, the U.N. General Assembly only approved the partition plan that would replace the British Mandate over the land of Israel. The decision of the U.N. General Assembly was binding in that case because of the special status of Palestine as a territory under British Mandate, a system which was intended to prepare nations for independence...
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...Saeed Faghihi Mr. Donal Casey Irish life and cultures November 23, 2013 Discuss "The Troubles", compare it to other similar conflicts around the world and analyze how aspects of the The Peace process can help these other conflicts. - Saeed Faghihi "The Troubles" refers to a point of conflict in Irish history from late 60's to the late 90's. It was characterized by military violence particularly in Northern Ireland but also to a less prominent extent in England, Scotland, and The Republic of Ireland. The violence was rooted in the different ethnicity of the Northern Irish people. The Unionist Protestant majority wanted to remain as part of The United kingdom while the Nationalist republican minority wished to cede ties with The United Kingdom and join The Republic of Ireland. Catholics and Protestants were largely segregated in Northern Ireland. Catholics were generally discriminated against and not given high power jobs. In 1969 a predominantly catholic civil rights protest marched against these issues. The protest was attacked by The Royal Ulster Constabulary. This sparked the beginning of the period in Northern Irish history known as The Troubles. After the protest a new paramilitary origination, the provisional IRA, was formed. They called themselves the Provisional IRA to differentiate themselves from the old IRA which had become somewhat inactive. Thereafter, Clashes between Catholics and Protestants became commonplace. Throughout this period the majority of the...
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