... Search Collections Journals About Contact us My IOPscience Fast and Accurate Technique for Determination of Moisture Content in Oil Palm Fruits using Open-Ended Coaxial Sensor This content has been downloaded from IOPscience. Please scroll down to see the full text. 2005 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 44 5272 (http://iopscience.iop.org/1347-4065/44/7R/5272) View the table of contents for this issue, or go to the journal homepage for more Download details: IP Address: 134.7.89.216 This content was downloaded on 20/09/2015 at 12:31 Please note that terms and conditions apply. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 44, No. 7A, 2005, pp. 5272–5274 Brief Communication #2005 The Japan Society of Applied Physics Fast and Accurate Technique for Determination of Moisture Content in Oil Palm Fruits using Open-Ended Coaxial Sensor Zulkifly A BBAS, You Kok Y EOW, Abdul Halim SHAARI, Azmi ZAKARIA1 , Jumiah H ASSAN, Kaida K HALID1 and Elias S AION INSPEM, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia 1 Department of Physics, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia (Received March 30, 2004; accepted September 3, 2004; published July 8, 2005) A simple, fast and accurate technique employing an open-ended coaxial sensor for the determination of the moisture content in oil palm fruit is presented. For this technique, a calibration equation has been developed based on the relationship between the measured moisture content obtained...
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...Assignment 4 – Group Assignment Palm Oil Dilemma in Indonesia Natural Resource Economics 601 – Lecturer: John Karasinski Word Count – 2,016 (not including Tables and Figures) Aaron Smith: 1662 4483 Leonardo Molinari: 1728 4820 Reuben Dias:1313 9900 Group Assignment 2 Palm Oil Dilemma in Indonesia Executive Summary Indonesia’s GDP is estimated at $US868 billion in 2013, which classifies it as a lower middle income country. GDP growth has averaged almost 6% over the last decade with a population growth averaging at 1.4%. Indonesia’s population is expected to grow at an annual growth rate of 0.57% to over 271 million by 2030. Indonesia’s industrial sector largely dominates production, contributing over 48% to aggregate economic activity (including oil and gas which accounts for 10% of GDP). The palm oil industry has the potential to generate significant social and economic development in Indonesia. It is Indonesia’s largest agricultural export and provides income and economic development to the large proportion of rural poor Indonesia. In recent decades the global market for palm oil has seen exponential growth with current production estimated at over 45 million tons, with Indonesia being one of the world’s, largest producers and exporters, producing over 18 million tons of palm oil annually. Although only contributing 8 % to GDP, the palm oil plantations provide for around two thirds of rural household incomes. Over 41% of plantations were owned by small land...
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...11 March 2011 Food Producers Palm Oil – Extracting Value Rachel Galvez +44 20 7444 0679 rachel.galvez@religarecm.com Palm Tree Nursery Palm Oil Sector – Extracting Value We launch coverage on the London listed Palm Oil sector with a positive view as we believe the industry will continue to grow and current production will struggle to meet global demand. In our view, companies (such as the ones under our coverage) that have; agricultural land rights in equatorial regions (where oil palms thrive), industry expertise, experienced management teams, and access to capital, have defensible competitive advantages and are likely to experience earnings growth and margin expansion going forward. New Britain Palm Oil (NBPO LN, BUY, 1,197p price target, 23% upside) NBPO produces sustainable and traceable Palm Oil in Papua New Guinea (PNG), which it sells to European markets. We believe the company’s competitive advantages, (the traceability and sustainability of its oil, above industry average yields, land and other assets, management team and industry relationships) will enable it to increase sales, expand margins and maintain a market leading position going forward. Asian Plantations (PALM LN, BUY, 345p price target, 29% upside) Source: MP Evans Palm Tree Plantation Asian Plantations is involved in the acquisition and development of Palm Oil plantation land in Sarawak, Malaysia. We believe the company will be able to execute on its strategy (acquiring undeveloped land...
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...1.Coconut oil: as the palm plants coconut endosperm, after crushing baking steamed to extract the oil. 2.Palm oil is extracted from the palm fruitl, and nut extract oil called palm kernel oil, this two kinds of oil composition is different. Coconut oil has a natural fragrance, modern science appraisal that has the effect of anti-cancer, improve immunity . Industrial use of coconut oil Coconut oil is essential oil raw materials of soap, it is also the raw material of natural fatty acids, fatty alcohols and surfactant. Coconut oil is slightly irritationg for skin and hair ,so cannot be directly applied to the ointment or cream cosmetics, but it is very important in the cosmetics industry of indirect materials. Palm oil industrial applications Industrial use of refined palm oil, the requirement is not lower than the melting point of 44 ℃. In recent years, the palm oil industry uses got rapid development, in the developed countries, a lot of palm oil have been applied in the industrial field. In our country, industrial palm oil is called"industrial monosodium glutamate", it is applied widely. Moreover, with rising crude oil prices in recent years, biological fuel is getting more and more attention, palm oil can also be used to produce biofuels, it may become a new growth point of the future consumption. Palm oil industrial applications mainly divided into two kinds: one kind can directly get the palm oil, such as soap, palm oil and epoxy polyol, polyurethane and polyacrylate...
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...Palm Oil Crisis in Thailand Palm oil has become the world’s leading vegetable oil in terms of consumption and production produced worldwide in 2009. The biggest producer, with a 47.6% share in production in 2009, was Indonesia, followed by Malaysia (38.8%) and Thailand (2.9%). Palm oil is versatile in its uses in the food and chemical industry and increasingly as a feedstock for biofuels. What is the Crisis? In 2011, Thailand was affected by the shortage of palm oil for cooking, despite being the world’s third-largest producer of the commodity. Thai people worried about not having oil to cook in their house. And the price of palm oil increased from 38 Baht to 47 Baht per bottle in the market. The palm oil product in that time decreased 14% while the demand for palm oil had increased 7%. What are the Causes of the Crisis? * The first cause of this crisis is estimating and stocking raw palm was wrong because of prolonged drought that affecting oil palm product. * The second cause of this crisis is increasing in demand for raw palm because of expanding Biodiesel product market. This affected year-end palm oil stocking was low until a crisis occurs. The year-end palm oil stocking had about 78,993 ton but it should be not lower than 120,000 ton. Therefore, Palm Oil Crisis in Thailand was happened throughout the industry and consumption. After the crisis had been solved found that the annual report of vegetable oil manufacturers had increased in net income more...
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...ScienceDirect Energy journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/energy Oil palm biomass as a sustainable energy source: A Malaysian case study S.H. Shuit, K.T. Tan, K.T. Lee*, A.H. Kamaruddin School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Seri Ampangan, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Received 24 October 2008 Received in revised form 13 May 2009 Accepted 14 May 2009 Available online 13 June 2009 It has been widely accepted worldwide that global warming is by far the greatest threat and challenge in the new millennium. In order to stop global warming and to promote sustainable development, renewable energy is a perfect solution to achieve both targets. Presently million hectares of land in Malaysia is occupied with oil palm plantation generating huge quantities of biomass. In this context, biomass from oil palm industries appears to be a very promising alternative as a source of raw materials including renewable energy in Malaysia. Thus, this paper aims to present current scenario of biomass in Malaysia covering issues on availability and sustainability of feedstock as well as current and possible utilization of oil palm biomass. This paper will also discuss feasibility of some biomass conversion technologies and some ongoing projects in Malaysia related to utilization of oil palm biomass as a source of renewable energy. Based on the findings presented...
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...founded in 1979, is one of Asia’s largest integrated palm oil producers. Asian Agri exported about 3 million tonnes of palm oil in 2009, and currently manages 28 oil palm plantations, 19 palm oil mills and four refineries. The company is also a strong advocate for sustainable palm oil production and usage, and is currently a member of the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO). Sukanto Tanoto, founder of Asian Agri, is currently facing a dilemma in the future developments of Asian Agri. Although he believes that palm oil has a bright future ahead, there are many challenges faced by the company in its expansion such as the increasing difficulty in acquiring land in Indonesia, and the rising pressure from the international NGOs. Future of Palm Oil and Asian Agri Tanoto is right on the bright future of palm oil. Firstly, palm oil, also known as the “golden corp” of Southeast Asia, is the most economic edible oil to produce given its highest yield and lowest cost of production compared to other edible oil. Secondly, with the fast-growing population around the world, and the need to drive economic growth in developing nations such as China and India, the demand for food and fuel is expected to grow significantly, thus the same for palm oil. Thirdly, there are many rising health concerns with trans fat, and many consumer packaged goods (CPG) companies and consumers are seeking to limit trans fat consumption. Thus palm oil being trans fat free is an inexpensive alternative...
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...CASE STUDY : PIRATES OF THE SILVERLAND (PALM OIL PIRACY) Company’s Introduction Palm Haul Sdn. Bhd. (PHSB) was a family-owned small and medium sized enterprise in the crude palm oil (CPO) transportation business located in Taiping, Perak. Established in 2002, it had about 200 employees which most of them were tanker drivers. On the average, PHSB transported 3000 tonnes of CPO from palm oil mills to the respective refineries that purchased the oil from oil palm plantation companies and cooperative mills. The company actually facing alarming problem with the quality of consignments to the refineries where the CPO either delivered short or contaminated with water or sludge. Statement of the problems Oilene refineries as one of PHSB’s major customer seriously affected by the bad consignments as they had to shut down the plant to clean out the sludge almost on a weekly basis and this was affecting their delivery timelines as well as the quality of the oil they produced. On top of that, there had been many occasions where the consignment delivered did not tally with amounts listed on the delivery orders. Oilene management had to decide whether to renew contract with PHSB which is due in June or to hire other CPO transportation company such as Tiger Oils Transporter which reported a more reliable transporter. Recommendations for Oilene 1. Contaminated CPO To overcome the problem caused by contaminated consignments that shutdown the eventually shutdown the whole production...
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...Palm Oil Piracy Summary of the case: Palm Haul Sdn Bhd (PHSB) established in 2002 at Taiping Perak. It was a small and medium sized enterprise in crude palm oil (CPO) transportation business. PHSB was managed by En.H.Rossly and son in law of its founder, Datu S. Najeed. PHSB was facing the same problems likes others transportation companies which is drivers embroiling in oil piracy. The transportation companies will bear the responsibilities of compensation of the refineries if there any hijacking or piracy happened. The involved culprits most probably are the tankers’ driver, deport operators and the transporters. One of the major customer of PHSB, Oilene Refineries Sdn Bhd (Oilene) was complaining to Datuk Najeed on the poor quality of CPO delivered by PHSB and it has caused them in big losses in their business as failed to fulfill the requirement of their customers. Oilene will not renew the contract if PHSB does not improve the situation in one month. Besides that, Datuk S. Najeed has reviewed the first quarter result of 2009 and noticed that the profits has dropped significantly compared to the same period of last year. If Oilene could not placated and, as a consequence, decide to leave their custom, PHSB would run into the trouble to return profits for the coming financial year. Datuk Najeed was very happy and insisted Rn.Rossly to investigate on these matters and report to him within one week with possible solutions. En.Rossly invited his university’s friend, Mukhiz Mohd...
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...Assignment Submitted to: Prof. M.K Awasthi Table of Contents Introduction 2 History of Palm Oil 2 History of Palm Oil in Malaysia 2 Importance of Palm Oil in the World 3 Analysis of Economic Environment 5 Supply-Side Environment 5 Demand Side Environment 7 Palm Oil Economy in Malaysia 7 Key Inferences 8 Analysis of Political, Legal & Institutional Environment 8 FELDA, FELCRA & RISDA 9 Government Policies 9 Analysis of Social & Environmental Impact 11 Analysis of Technological Environment 12 Skills & Knowledge Development 12 Research & Development 12 Overview of Business Environment & Conclusions 13 Introduction History of Palm Oil The oil palm tree (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) is said to have originated in West Africa, somewhere between Angola and Senegal. The earliest archaeological evidence of palm oil has been found in an Egyptian Tomb in Abydos. These two facts point to two inferences. One, that palm oil production was happening even 5000 years ago. Secondly, as no palm oil was produced in Egypt, this means that Palm Oil trading also was prevalent at that time. Thus, Palm Oil has been used by mankind since historical times. A basic description of the palm oil extraction process is shown below: (Source: Malaysian Oil Palm Publication Annual Report 2011) History of Palm Oil in Malaysia Palm Oil was introduced in Malaysia by in 1910 by Scotsman William Sime and English banker Henry Darby as a plantation...
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...专注棕榈油设备制造、安装、生产、加工、销售，按照您的需求定制产品，优质的售后服务，让您放心的投入棕榈油生产！ Palm oil is known as saturated fat yet, because it contains 50% saturated fat. Human body’s digestion and absorption rate is more than 97% on palm oil, and as all other palnt oil ,palm oil itself does not contain cholesterol. After many experts further experiments demonstrate that palm oil is a kind of completely accord with human body health needs of edible vegetable oil. Palm fruit is mainly material of palm oil, palm oil processing technology design and developed by HeNan HuaTai can maximize the preservation of palm oil nutritional value, a complete set of production equipment has the characteristics of high efficiency and energy saving environmental quality. Palm oil production equipment mainly includes: oil pretreatment equipment, oil extraction, oil refining equipment, etc. 1. The palm oil pretreatment equipment mainly includes: cleaning section, crushing, pressing, softening section. 2. Palm Oil leaching equipment mainly include: leaching, evaporation gas stripping equipment, DTDC energy-efficient offline, 3. Palm oil Refining equipment mainly includes: water degumming, alkali practice to take off the soap equipment, mixing ratio of equipment. Henan HuaTai palm oil production equipment won the title of "national quality trustworthy product, the product sells well at home and abroad. Especially in Malaysia, Indonesia ,as palm is rich in these countries. Our palm oil oil production equipment won high...
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...COMPONENT AND PROCESS FLOW OF PALM OIL MILL CHE RAHMAT CHE MAT UNIT PENGILANGAN & PEMPROSESAN BAHAGIAN KEJURUTERAAN & PEMPROSESAN PALM OIL MILL RAW MATERIAL FRESH FRUIT BUNCH (1 Tonne) MAIN PRODUCTS CRUDE PALM OIL (20 – 22 %) BY-PRODUCTS PALM KERNEL (5 -6 %) EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH (20 – 22 %) FIBRE (12 – 14 %) SHELL (5 – 6 %) POME (60 – 65 %) BOILER ASH Process Flow Palm Oil Mill FFB LORRY FRESH FRUIT BUNCH (FFB) STRIPPER EMPTY BUNCH HOPPER CAGE STERILISER TIPPER FFB HOPPER Fruitlets FRUIT ELEVATOR Fibre DIGESTER FIBRE CYCLONE SCREW PRESS Press Cake SLUDGE TANK 1 DEPERICATER NUT POLISHING DRUM CLARIFIER BOILER Press Liqour SAND TRAP TANK NUT SILO DESANDER Standby usage SAND SLUDGE TANK 2 PUMP PUMP CRUDE OIL TUNK VIBRATING SCREEN MESH DESTONER WET KERNEL BANKER STONES Recycle Oil SLUDGE SEPARATOR PRODUCTION OIL TANK (CPO) ROLEK NUT CRACKER ROTARY BRUSH STRAINER FATS OIL TANK WINNOWING COLUMNS PURE OIL TANK PUMP VACUUM DRYER CLAY BATH Wet Shells DISPOSAL Wet Kernel KERNEL TRAY DRYER KERNEL SILO SAND SLUDGE PIT EFFLUENT TANK PURIFIER HOLDING TANK PUMP Project Planning 3 yrs before commissioning.. Submit all applications to the relevant authorities. Some of them are: MPOB - license DOE – effluent disposal PWD – access road Drainage & Irrigation Dept - river water Health dept – housing/ sanitation TNB – for power generation Mill Construction • Simple guide...
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...Palm oil press differ from conventional plant oil material Palm oil press roughly divided into five steps: 1. Palm oil press material receiving storage section Take the fresh and mature palm fruit to discharge table. Make fruit free fall into the cage in the cage. 2. Palm oil press sterilization Sterilization for about 60 minutes, high-temperature cooking oil palm fruit pulp of lipase, to avoid oil free fatty acid content increases. To facilitate mechanical threshing, soft fruit, also is advantageous to the subsequent core shell, reduce the breakage of the nuts. 3. Palm oil press section of take off the fruit section Oil palm fruit grain occupy about 60% of the whole fruit bouquet, threshing purpose is to isolate the palm fruit from the bouquet. After the separation of oil palm fruit discharge, palm fruit can be put into press section. 4. The whole palm oil press section Crushing and cooking to tear fruit skin, separate the pulp and the core and mash pulp tissue, heat at the same time to make soft flesh, destruction flesh cell structure. Then put the palm fruit into screw press machine 5. Palm oil processing -squeeze oil cleaning section After squeezing we can get crude palm oil, after washed with water, diluted after sedimentation, filtration, efiber material can be removed from the oil, which is roughly the technology of palm oil press. Conventional oil squeezing approximately two kinds: hot press and cold press: peanut hot press as an example. When Hot pressing, first...
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...PEST AND DISEASES OF PLANTATION CROPS PLP 5003 TITLE: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF OIL PALM AS THE MAJOR PLANTATION CROP IN MALAYSIA GROUP 7: MOHD HARLIZAN BIN MOHAMAD DARUS GS32853 ADIBAH NOOR BINTI KHAIRUDDIN GS36223 SHAHFAHZIELAH BINTI SHAMRAN GS36066 SITI NOR ANIZAM BINTI ZAMRI GS38320 1.0 INTRODUCTION The oil palm, Elaeis guineensis was brought over to the Bogor Botanic Garden in the Island of Jawa, Indonesia from West Africa in 1848 (Polunin, 2004). It has been planted in almost 43 countries in tropical regions of Southeast Asia, Africa and South America. It was planted in Malaysia in 1896 much later after Indonesia (Yacob, 2005). Now, this crop has become major plantation crop in Malaysia contribute to palm oil industry. Palm oil industry is one of the most traded agriculture commodities in the world. In Malaysia, this industry has been an important agriculture in the economy for the past three decades. Malaysia is one of the major producer of palm oil in the world which contribute17.6 million tonnes respectively in 2009. Recently, concern over the environment impact people around the world keeps on talking about global warming, greenhouses effect, deforestation and other environment impact caused by human activities or improper development. Government and private sectors are being urged to commence all agriculture activities include oil palm within the concept of sustainable development. Therefore, sustainability becomes the main word uses...
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...today craves for a higher consumption of biodiesel, vegetable oil, health supplements, cosmetics and other food and non – food products that people cannot live without. One main source of these products is African Oil Palm. According to Escobar et al. (2008) the African Oil Palm is the most productive species among oleaginous plants. It is a traditional native crop for the West and Central African communities, occurring between Angola and Gambia. This plays a major part of the culture of Africans and they use it both in the household and in the market. The quest for renewable energy has intensified since the escalating price of crude petroleum in the recent years. Renewable energy such as biodiesel has the potential to replace petroleum – derived transportation fuel in the future. Biodiesel is a renewable and biodegradable diesel fuel extracted from plant oil. It is a natural hydrocarbon with negligible sulfur content which will substantially help in reducing emissions from diesel – fed engines. According to the study conducted in Malaysia, the African Oil Palm has properties and potential for making biodiesel. Due to this discovery, African Palm Oil became the base of a highly profitable agro – industry that attracts the attention of many potential investors nowadays. African oil palm industry is the second largest industry in the country of Honduras. African Oil Palms produce palm oil, a type of vegetable oil whose main use is for cooking. Honduras is exporting it to the...
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