...music genres were created to divide and categorize the many type and style of popular music. Rhythm and blues, R&B for short, is a combination of blues and jazz that was developed in the United States by Black musicians. Boys II Men was an American vocal group that was known for their emotional ballads and complex harmonies. Michael Jackson’s unique contributions to music and dance, along with a highly publicized personal life, made him a prominent figure and one of the most successful entertainers of all time in the R&B and pop culture. Reggae genre is popular music originating in the West Indies. Bob Marley was widely known Jamaican singer-songwriter and musician, which made him the influence voice of political and cultural nexus of Jamaica. Inner Circle is a reggae and alternative hip hop group that is responsible for the 1987 song “Bad Boys.” Jazz is another genre of popular music that originated in New Orleans around 1900 and developed through increasingly complex styles. Jackie Paris, was a jazz singer and guitarist that introduced the first vocal of Thelonious monks classic “Round Midnight.” Harry Crosby another respectable singer and actor was the most popular entertainer of the pre-rock n roll years. The artists in each genre are examples of style and category of the popular music. Outline Topic Sentence: Music Genres. A. Major Support: Rhythm and blues 1. Minor Support: Boys II Men 2. Minor Support: Michael Jackson B. Major Support: Reggae 1. Minor...
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...Paradise in Jamaica After going to galveston each year in texas, it was nothing compared to the beach the Williams family went to on their vacation to Jamaica. The beautiful atmosphere they witnessed was the most unforgettable moment ever. They stayed at the hotel right in front of the beach, directly right in the middle of restaurants, clubs, and water parks. Everything around was beautiful, including the soft sand that went through peoples toes walking on the side of the beach, also how big and clear the ocean was. The ocean was so memorable it was really a paradise just exactly how everyone had described it. Being on the beach watching of the waves as it hits the wind, the smell of the food coming from every direction, watching everyone do something different, listening to the kids on the water parks. It was all there, it was all true from the moment spent near the beach, to the relaxing music of the culture, and the look of the various Jamaican food. The ocean was as clear as it was going to get watching everything under water was the most amazing experience. Watching the the fish swim together as group moving from one area to another, the seaweed moving along with the waves, going back and forth against the big rocks where people would sit on enjoying the nice hot weather. Being able to taste the salty water when the strong waves would hit against their body as people would shut their eyes avoiding the water to get in their eyes. As the sound of the Jamaican...
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...The government of Jamaica has announced that it hopes to gain major foreign investment and create many jobs through the development of a ‘logistics hub’. The government believes that Jamaica’s geographical position will allow it to become an important part of the global value chain by serving at least some of the estimated 12,500 ships that will be passing through the Panama Canal as of 2015. According to information published on the government’s official website: With major investments and global partnerships, Jamaica will become: • The transhipment and air cargo logistics hub of the Western Hemisphere • The Caribbean’s strategic handling point for bulk commodities • The Latin America and Caribbean centre for aviation-related maintenance repair and overhaul and ship repair and dry docking The revelation that the Jamaican government was involved in talks with the Chinese with a view to establishing a logistics hub on Goat island unleashed a firestorm of controversy. Environmental groups, including a group of scientists from The University of the West Indies, strongly condemned the proposal, pointing out that Goat Island was a part of the Portland Bight Protected Area (PBPA) and that if the government went forward with this proposal they would be breaking conventions signed with international environmental agencies. Members of the surrounding community, some of whom made their living from fishing came out strongly against the proposal pointing out that it would severely...
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...The culture of the Jamaica Constabulary Force (JCF) is in contrast to its mission that says “to serve, protect and reassure with courtesy, integrity and proper respect for the rights of all.” The JCF has been described as internalistic, change resistant, low trust, process oriented, fear-based and repressive, little community focus, and highly segmented. There is evidence of a subculture within the JCF which has led to certain groups of people receiving different treatment than others. This in-group/out-group effect can be very powerful and overtime has become harmful to the integrity and effectiveness of the JCF. The creation of ‘special units’ to address issues has created a closed elitist culture. A “them’ and “us culture exists between the police and the public, with the two groups not being able to integrate. This has led to stereotyping, prejudice, and perceptions of superiority/inferiority. The police has sought to impose its authority over the public; expecting unopposed obedience. The solution for cultural transformation lies in transformational leadership in the JCF hierarchy, which will induce members to identify more closely with the organization, boost morale, and productivity and build partnerships with the community. Socialization is an important solution as police officers tend to become the police officers they are socialized to be. The two most important components of the socialization process are formal training and informal “peer group” instruction...
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...Small Island Developing States Speech – St. Lucia’s Prime Minister as CARICOM Representative Written By Ms. Ingrid Baker: 620042573 (Advisor to Hon. Dr. Kenny and Dr. Anthony) For The Hon. Dr. Kenny (Prime Minister of St. Lucia) Head of Delegation Topic: The Opportunities and challenges for development now being posed to small state economies in light of the implications of climate change. Excellences, Mr. Secretary-General, distinguished ladies and gentlemen; I have the distinct honour to deliver this presentation on behalf of the 15 member states of the Caribbean Community, CARICOM. Now, this comes at a critical juncture for all Small Island Developing States. When, more than ever, critical leadership is required. As we already know, we face the same realities in "the Caribbean where we live," and we endure this reality through the threat produced on our islands by climate change. Climate is existential within the Caribbean, and is very badly affected by rising sea levels, but not that only, since we also need to think of things like the acidification of the oceans, the effects that this has on fish stocks and what this means for food security. Projections show that this warming that is taking place, will be accompanied by an increase in heavy rainfall events and other temporal and spatial changes in precipitation patterns, and by more intense or frequent cyclones/hurricanes. Agricultural land, water resources and biodiversity are already under pressure from increases...
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...When most Americans think about Jamaica, they think about the beautiful beaches, warm weather, and friendly people. Evidently, there is more to the story. The everyday survival of many Jamaicans is based on the economic decisions of the US and other powerful foreign countries, as can be seen in Stephanie Black’s film. Jamaica is a country suffering from a thirty year IMF regime and multinational domination of the traditional self-sustaining, largely agricultural economy. While it relies heavily on the narration of Jamaica Kincaid and interviews, the true stars of the movie are the farmers and working people of Jamaica. These people not only understand what is going on in class terms, but can explain it eloquently. In addition, there is a group of 'rasta' men. As they sit around a campfire in the night, they explain their suffering through a combination of biblical prophecy and anti-imperialist common sense. In the 1970s, the country’s former prime minister signed a loan agreement that led Jamaica to over four billion dollars in debt. This caused a sinking economy of low-valued imports and sweatshops. In the film, we see workers working gruesome work schedules. This is all to receive only the legal minimum wage of only $30 in US money for the entire week. Many women have protested against the poor compensation and have been fired from their jobs. Doing this has also caused them to be placed on a blacklist, preventing them from ever getting work again. The country’s ports...
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...free trade area, customs union, common market, economic and political union. Over the past decade regional integration movements have been undergoing tremendous pressure as they attempt to sustain viability. Hippolyte- Manigot (1979) stated “Since the mid 1970s, so serious have some of these difficulties been that practitioners and analyst of regional integration have indicated their doubts about the viability of regional integration.” The first effort for integration took place in 1958. This was known as the West Indies Federation. The federation faced several problems but what really led to the demise of the federation was fell apart in January 1962 was the withdrawal of Jamaica. This withdrawal was to lead to a movement within Jamaican for national independence from Britain. The withdrawal of Jamaica then led to the famous quote by the then premier of T n T Dr. Eric Williams. He stated “one from ten leaves nought” this statement signified and justified his decision to withdraw T n T from the federal arrangements shortly after. The second effort was known as the Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA). This was a freed trade arrangement to ensure that the benefits of free trade were...
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...different vibe and connects to my soul in different ways. However, as a native of the island of Jamaica, I have a high interest in music from the Caribbean. The diverse sounds of the musical genres such as Reggae, Dancehall, Soca and Chutney are great examples of the growing musical trends that distinguish Caribbean music from other musical cultures. Dancehall music isn’t for the “boring” folk. You either are ready to sing and chant, or perform one of the latest dance moves, if applicable to the song. I recently attended an event for a friend’s birthday at a local nightclub, which featured performances from both signed and unsigned dancehall artists. Attendees, both young and old, raved all night long and sang the songs of each performer with enthusiasm. Being that typical West Indian parties last all night, there was an abundance of music to be played. A few of my fellow dancers and I displayed some dance moves and event taught some of the guests how to do them. I is a wonderful feeling to see people of different ethnicities enjoying themselves, whether they understood the lyrics to the songs or not. To gain a better understanding of the rise of Dancehall music, you first have to explore the genre that led to its birth: reggae. Reggae is a long-established art form that has a huge influence on Caribbean culture and other musical styles. It was first introduced in the Jamaica in the late 1960’s which was distinguished by regular chops on the back beat, known as the skank...
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...TABLE OF CONTENTS STRATEGY SHEET | 1 | STATEMENT OF AIMS | 2 | METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION | 3 | SUMMARY OF FINDINGS | 4 | ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION | 5 | CONCLUSION | 6 | REFERENCE or BIBLIOGRAPHY | 7 | APPENDIX | 8 | TABLE OF ILLUSTRATIONS Fig. 1 how Judaism came to the Caribbean. Fig. 2 challenges faced by early Jews. Fig. 3.1 development of Judaism in Jamaica Fig. 3.2 the Hillel Academy School STATEMENT OF AIMS THIS SCHOOL BASED ASSESSMENT WAS DONE IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF CSEC. THE AIMS OF THIS RESEARCH ARE: 1. To trace how Judaism came to the Caribbean . 2. To find out the challenges faced by the early Jews and how they impacted on their traditional practices. 3. To find out how Judaism is developed in Jamaica METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION METHOD USED TO COLLECT DATA | WHERE DATA WAS COLLECTED | WHEN DATA WAS COLLECTED | INSTRUMENTS USED TO COLLECT DATA | Research | Gordon Crescent Granville | June 8, 2015 | Paper and pen | | Gordon Crescent Granville | June 18,2015 | Tablet and laptop. | | Gordon Crescent Granville | November 29, 2015 | Pencil and book | | St. James Parish Library | December 22, 2015 | Notepad and Pen | SUMMARY OF FINDINGS According to L. Carman et al “Judaism came to the Caribbean during inquisition, (a...
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...Dhillon Taylor 17 Sept. 2012 Uniting the Nation of Jamaica The album “Survival”, released in 1979 by the great reggae musician Bob Marley, might be one of the most defiant albums ever created, expressing resistance to oppression and the belief in acting against governments, politicians, and other organizations that wield great power. To analyze the message in his album “Survival”, one must understand that Marley was not just an illustrious musician, but also a poet, a revolutionary, and a peace activist who was influential to millions of people during his lifetime and whose music still lives on to influence people today. According to the Bob Marley biography called “Life and Legacy” on the Official Bob Marley website, Marley had grown up in St. Anne, Jamaica and began his music career in Western Kingston, Jamaica in 1950. “Life and Legacy” stated that by the 1970’s, when political related violence was greatly damaging the nation, Marley was a music sensation and a man who was very popular in the entire country of Jamaica. Veerle Poupeye, a scholar from the Edna Manley College in Jamaica, explains in her article, “What Times Are These? Visual Art and Social Crisis in Postcolonial Jamaica”, that the 1970’s in Jamaica were years of violence and political unrest. Poupeye explained that the two major political alliances, the Peoples National Party (PNP) and the Jamaica Labor Party (JLP), were constantly at odds and fighting for the support of the Jamaican people. Representing the...
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...research will help others fix the problem and provide jobs for unemployed people, bring more money for the government to fund programs such as P.A.T.H which helps children in schools as well as for the government to buy more medical necessities. Introduction Coffee was introduced to Jamaica by Sir Nicholas Lawes governor of Jamaica at that time, he brought the plant from Haiti in 1728. It was first planted in the parish of St. Andrew on the Blue Mountains. The Coffee Industry became successful because of the natural attributes of the country such as the cool climate which was suitable for the growth of coffee. The relief of the land such as the rugged mountains and the rich soil. The marketing overseas also proved valuable as it provided foreign exchange. The industry also provided employment for competent and incompetent workers. As a result of its growth farmers saw it fit to invest in the cultivation of coffee in various parts of Jamaica. It became more dominant in 1838 after slavery was fully abolished and seen as a good investment by others than peasant farmers. The coffee industry is important to the economy of Jamaica. Coffee is the third most exported agricultural product in Jamaica. The unique flavor of the beverage made by the beans is recognized worldwide which intern results in investors in vesting in the production of the plant, This leads to revenue in foreign exchange for the economic development of the country .The industry also employs thousands of skilled...
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...KINGSTON The chapter starts off by telling us about how Christopher Columbus arrived in the island of Jamaica in 1494. The population then of was a handful and the population was cleansed and was dominated by English colonial officials and plantation owners as well as enslaved Africans and indentured Indians. v The main economic resource of the island was from sugar cane and this was done through captive labour. ( the labour from slaves) v Rebellions came over time and this generated a strong revulsion for colonial rule and because of this, it took centuries for independence to finally come to Jamaica. It finally came in 1962 v With the introduction of independence, slavery became abolished and moved the history of Jamaica forward. With the introduction of independence, there was a new regime led by Nelson Manley. The political party he belonged to crafted a social development agenda to respond to the bondage of post colonial life. v In the course of pursing the new policy of independence, the government was permitted to channel industrial investment into those areas of the economy that needs social development. The government relied on direct foreign investment. This involvement with foreign actors earned Jamaica with most of its foreign exchange earnings. With this, Jamaica became the largest exporter of mineral to North America and Canada. Even as they were exporters, Jamaicans didn’t benefit from their natural resources. The only way they benefitted...
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...likely negative outcomes for the Jamaica Sugar Industry in years to come. The writer predicts a dim future for the sugar industry which once ruled the roost. Summary Jamaica is currently a top-flight sugar producing nation, however according to Western Bureau: Chairman of the Caribbean Karl James, all that could change by 2020 if Jamaica does not seek to implement new and creative strategies to add value to their product. This is very important as there will be a reduction in the price of bulk sugar. It is being recommended that Jamaica invest in a refinery. Jamaica currently imports 70 to 80 tonnes of refined sugar annually. If this venture is capitalized on then Jamaica will definitely remain a top sugar nation due to reasons like the fact that there is no refinery in the Caribbean hence Jamaica could become a regional market that absorbs about 300 tonnes of refined sugar annually. It was also established that a move into the by-products of sugar cane is crucial. The three year deal between Jamaica and British firm Tate and Lyle which allows for Jamaica to export 50 to 60 tonnes of sugar each crop year to them is in its second year. The venture yield a good portion of income but this is likely to dwindle after the agreement expires because of market trends. The process to abolish sugar quotas is underway and is expected to be in full effect by 2017. Donovan Stanberry, the secretary in the ministry of agriculture urges that the Jamaica sugar industry practice diversification...
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...S.B.A on Rastafarian Symbols Name: Miguel McCarty Grade: 11o Subject: Religious Education School: Bridgeport High School Teacher: Mrs H.Wheatle Introduction This S.B.A is about Rastafarian (symbols). I am going to tell you about the Rastafarian symbols and how it affects them during worship and leisure time. Aims To examine three symbols in Rastafari. To discuss the effect the symbols have on Rastas. To examine the origin of Rastafari. Information Collection How information was collected: Greater Portmore branch library Time span: Start: Thursday, May 29, 2013 Finish: Secondary Data Where was information collected? The internet; Books Primary Data Information was collected at: At the Rastafarian village in Montego Bay The Cannabis Plant According to: The marijuana leaf is one of the most popular symbols in the Rastafarian religion. It's presence in the Jamaican culture is thought to have influenced it's inclusion into Rastafari religious practices. Some adherents believe marijuana aids their meditation as well as others aspects of the spirituality. The Colours According to: The colours associated with Rastafarianism are known as "pan-African" colours. There are either three or four colours, depending on the tradition: green, yellow (or gold), red (as in the Ethiopian flag), and sometimes...
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...CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Introduction Coconut was the predominant crop cultivated in Kerala and regarded as the ‘tree of life’ since each and every part of it was useful for man. There was a sincere attachment of people of Kerala towards coconut which is also called ‘Kalpavriksha - tree of heaven’. The life of people in Kerala was closely linked with the different uses of coconut. Coconut oil was the only edible oil used in Kerala households until 1980’s.Due to structural changes in various sectors of Kerala economy the importance of coconut declined. There was a shift in coconut oil consumption towards other edible oils in Kerala households. Among the various food items in consumption basket of Kerala households, edible oil is an important component, which acts as a major source of energy for the human body and has direct impact on health. In India edible oil is used in the preparation of every day meals. (Achaya K.T,1975; NCAER 1985-90). The major source of fat requirement by our human body is satisfied by edible oils and thus forms an indispensible item of the dietary pattern (NCAER 1995). As the economy grows, and income rises the household demand for edible oil increases due to changes in food consumption pattern. The annual per capita consumption of edible oil in the country shot up from 3kg in 1950 to around 7.5 kg per annum in mid-1990s and reached 14.2kg during 2010-11, but still lower than the global average of 24kg/year. (Sthanumoorthy R,2008; Vyas et al,2013).This...
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