...Essay mill From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia An essay mill (also term paper mill) is a resource that allows customers to purchase an original piece of writing on a particular topic. Customers provide the company with specific information about the essay, including: a page length, a general topic, and a time frame with which to work. The customer is then charged a certain amount for each page. [1] Contents [hide] 1 History 2 Products and services 3 Legal status 4 Criticism and controversy 5 Strategies for combating academic fraud 6 See also 7 Further reading 8 References History[edit] The ideology behind term paper mills can be dated back to the mid-nineteenth century in which "paper reservoirs" were located in the basements of Fraternity Houses. Otherwise known as "Fraternity files". these essay banks were practices in which students shared term papers and submitted work that had been done by other students.[2] These essay banks inspired the commercialization of ghostwritten essay-writing practices. As early as the 1950s, advertisements were circulating college campus that described services that included ghostwritten work for dissertations, theses, and term papers.[2] In conjunction with this practice, the changing attitudes of students in the 1960s and 1970s started to stray away from diligent and engaged course work because they saw an emphasis on the benefits of community involvement. A new focus on activities outside of the classroom took away from...
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...MANAGEMENT NEW CAIRO PAPER MILL TOPIC NAME LECTURER: DR.TONY JEWELS SUBMISSION DATE: 16.10.2013 STUDENT NAME: KHALED IBRAHIM STUDENT ID: 867438 TABLE OF CONTENT Executive summary ……………………………………………………………………………..3 1.Introduction 4 1.1 mission and vision 4 1.2 Objective of the Study 5 2. Key process in operations 5 2.1 Procurement 5 2.2 Production 5 2.3 Distribution 7 2.4 The sales 7 3. Planning stages and control 7 3.1 Strategic 7 3.2 Tactical 8 3.3 Operative 9 4. Environmental, Health, and Safety for Pulp and Paper Mills 10 4.1 Environment 10 4.2 Occupational Health and Safety 12 4.3 Community Health 13 5. Conclusion 13 List of Figures Figure 1 9 Figure 2 15 Executive summary Paper is a sheet of fibers with a number of added chemicals that affect the properties and quality of the sheet. Besides fibers and chemicals, manufacturing of pulp and paper requires a large amount of process water and energy in the form of steam and electric power. Consequently, the main environmental issues associated with pulp and paper production are emissions to water, emissions to air, and energy consumption. Waste is a gradually increasing environmental issue of concern .Paper production typically involves the following steps: • Producing and acquiring fiber • Chemically or mechanically processing the fiber into pulp • Running the pulp through a paper machine to create large rolls of paper The papermaking...
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...Atlantic Corp Case Study Atlantic Corporation One of America’s largest forest products/paper firms with sales of $6.5Billion in 1983 and a net income of $105 million. The case study revolves around Atlantic Corporation’s intention to add linerboard capacity. In order to achieve this goal, they started looking at viable solutions, including purchasing and acquiring mill and box plants instead of through construction and fabrication of new plants and equipment. This included the possible acquisition of Royal Paper’s “crown jewels”, that is, the Monticello mill and the corrugated box plants. Is the acquisition of Royal’s linerboard mill and box plants a sound strategic move? One of the solutions was to offer a purchase of Royal Paper’s company assets, including a linerboard mill and box plant. This is a sound strategic move as Atlantic Corporation purchases 150,000 tons of linerboard from its competitors each year which could lead to problems such as lack of supply and increased cost prices. Construction of a new linerboard mill would be time consuming and the opportunity cost of lost revenue from this may exceed the benefits when the mill becomes operational. For Atlantic Corporation, it may face two scenarios: linerboard becoming unavailable or linerboard prices increase. Both these two scenarios will be detrimental to the company’s performance and should be avoided. As linerboard’s industry sales is less responsive to market movements, signifying that it is less risky...
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...A STUDY ON THE IMPLICATIONS OF CORPORATE RESTRUCTURING Dr. Bernadette D’silva Director, K.G. Mittal Institute of Management, I.T & Research, Malad (West), Mumbai64, Email: Bernadette.dsilva@gmail.com Mrs. Annie Beena Joseph Associate Professor, K.G. Mittal Institute of Management, I.T & Research, Malad (West), Mumbai-64, Email: annie.b.joseph@gmail.com ABSTRACT Corporate Restructuring has become a major component in the financial and economic environment all over the world. It is the process of redesigning one or more aspects of a company. The process of reorganizing a company may be implemented due to a number of different factors, like positioning the company to be more competitive, survive a currently adverse economic climate, or poise the corporation to move in an entirely new direction and many more. Corporate restructuring is needed to counter challenges in competitive business environment. Most of the organizations carry out corporate restructuring as per the needs of the business. Some do it through mergers, acquisitions, and some by demergers as well; while some others make structural changes and carry out resource optimization in the organization. This paper analyses the success rate of corporate restructuring program (CRP) in India. It also tries to understand the implication of corporate restructuring program with the help of a case study. The present paper is mainly based on secondary data. The paper makes use of SPSS 16 and MS-excel for data Analysis Keywords: Corporate...
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...FIRST PAPER Pussy Riot is a Russian feminist group with varying number of membership. In February 2012, this group staged a punk prayer on the altar of Cathedral of Christ the Savior because it is a significant symbol of political strategy of Russian power. One minute into the “punk prayer,” they were disrupted by the church security official and three of their members were arrested and charged with hooliganism. This group of nonconformist women were advocating for women’s rights, change of justice system and political freedom in Russian through their “punk prayer”. The major reason for staging the punk prayer was because of Vladimir Putin’s run for presidential election, after serving two consecutive terms as a prime minister. In order to make sense of this case study, I will say that the Pussy Riotss are a nonconformist minor group in the Russian society who desire change in their society. They refuse to follow the norms of keeping quiet by expressing their opinion about the Russian government and the system as a whole through the “punk prayer.Mill will support this argument with his theory of individuality. Mill will begin by saying that “it is important that human beings should be free to form opinions and to express their opinions without reserve” (Mill 53 line 1-3). Mills statement explicitly encourages individuals to think for themselves and to be able to express their thoughts. By doing this, Mill believes...
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...Industrialisation in India, 1850-1947:Three Variations in the Emergence of Indigenous Industrialists Gijsbert Oonk Abstract In this paper I describe three patterns in the emergence of Indian Entrepeneurs Indian large scale industries, 1850-1930. While doing this I focus on three variables: (1) the colonial attitude towards indigenous business, especially the transformation towards large scale industrialisation1; (2) the religious, occupational and regional background of industrialists to be; and (3) whether or not they belonged to a ‘minority’ group. While these patterns all led to the successful entry of Indian businessmen into large-scale industries, they differ in the explainable importance to be attributed to the different variables. This paper starts with a description of the entry of Marwari businessmen into the jute industry in Calcutta. This will be followed by the success of the Parsi community in the cotton industries of Bombay and finally the story of the Hindu industrialists in Ahmedabad. In the final section, these three patterns of industrialisation will be compared. 1.0 Introduction2 The social sciences have developed a plethora of explanations in describing the success -and to a far lesser extent the failure- of individual entrepreneurs as well as various business communities in World History. The most well known explanations and theories include: the concept of the stranger (Simmel); the spirit of capitalism (Weber); the innovator and the imitator (Schumpeter...
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...Arauco Case Study Question 1 - Do you think it is a good idea for Arauco to build the Nueva Aldea project? In this question we will be using the DCF technique in order to evaluate the project feasibility: Project name: Nueva Aldea Construction time: 3-4 years, we chose a 4 year construction time because we assumed it will take 3 years of direct constructing and a 1 year for extra delays and administrative procedures. We will also assume that the cost of the construction will be divided evenly between the years. Mill life time: 30-40 years, for the sake of this question we will assume a 35 years lifetime. (P.1 L.10) Expected sales: 350$ million per year at full capacity production. (P.1 L.10) Production Capacity: 700,000 tons of pulp. (P.1 L.9) MES of new pulp mill: 665,000. As of 2004 the minimum efficient scale was 95% of maximum mill capacity. (P.12 L.9) Year of producing | 1 (80% of MES) | 2 (90% of MES) | 3 (100% of MES) | 4-35 (100% of MES) | Capacity usage | 532,000 | 598,500 | 665,000 | 665,000 | (P.12 L.7-8) Cost of production: 197$ per ton. (Exhibit 6) Rate of return: 11%.Chile's expected market return is an indication to the company's project return. (P.12 line 10 from bottom) Depreciation: 44$ per ton. (Exhibit 6) Transportation: 38$ per ton. (Exhibit 6) Export: 85% calculated as average between years. (Exhibit 5) Sunk cost: 150$ million. The first phase of the project is already invested and cannot be returned, thus it is not calculated in the...
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...Park, Arima, Trinidad, West Indies. shellyanne.wilson@utt.edu.tt Telephone: 868-685-8744 POMS 20th Annual Conference Orlando, Florida U.S.A. May 1 to May 4, 2009 Just-In-Time Manufacturing – By Design or By Default ABSTRACT Just-In-Time (JIT) manufacturing implementation in small manufacturing companies is often not a sophisticated exercise, following a series of well-prescribed steps. Instead, JIT implementation can involve a series of incremental steps, and missteps, before the desired outcome is achieved. In some cases, JIT is less of a conscious design and more of a default position. This paper will examine the role of a company’s resource configuration in leading to the use of JIT manufacturing. The research paper reports on a single case study of a small manufacturer that altered its resource configuration from a producer – consumer relationship separated by a buffer, to a simultaneity constraint. The results of the case study show that the removal of the buffer system increased the manufacturing system’s need for mix flexibility, and the final implementation required unplanned structural and infrastructural changes to adequately meet marketing requirements. 1. INTRODUCTION Just-In-Time (JIT) is a system that focuses on waste reduction and continuous improvement to achieve operational excellence (Moreira & Alves, 2006). In a manufacturing context, JIT involves a manufacturing system where the parts needed to complete finished products are produced or...
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...English 101 Linda Martin Research Paper Jordan Hartt November 29, 2010 Slash/Burn and Chips An argument for Biomass Co-Generation Biomass co-generation is the historically proved approach to energy production. For thousands of years, the Plains Indians (then early settlers) used buffalo chips to build fires to heat their tepees (and sod huts). This was probably the first use of biomass energy in America. Early settlers learned from the Indians to heat their sod huts. After the buffalo became extinct, cow chips were used. On the plains there weren’t many trees and coal had not been discovered there, so this was a matter of survival (Whyte n.d.). Once the chips were dried in the sun they were almost odorless, and placed outside the tepees and sod huts. Western pioneers would modify their stoves to burn cow chips as they were plentiful along the cattle drive trails where the cattle were brought to the railroad cars for sale, and transporting to other areas. They compacted hay and then twisted it into twig-like bundles called cats. When the settlers started farming on the plains, they used corn stalks, corn cobs, and sunflower stalks as a source of fuel. In the United States, the first facility identified as a biomass power plant went on line in 1982. Using corn residues, rice husks, soy beans and sorghum residues, willows, switch grass, and organic waste from land fills as fuel, we could provide enough energy for all the homes in New England (Whyte n.d.). I...
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...America’s largest forest products/paper firms with sales of $6.5Billion in 1983 and a net income of $105 million. The case study revolves around Atlantic Corporation’s intention to add linerboard capacity. In order to achieve this goal, they started looking at viable solutions, including purchasing and acquiring mill and box plants instead of through construction and fabrication of new plants and equipment. This included the possible acquisition of Royal Paper’s “crown jewels”, that is, the Monticello mill and the corrugated box plants. Is the acquisition of Royal’s linerboard mill and box plants a sound strategic move? One of the solutions was to offer a purchase of Royal Paper’s company assets, including a linerboard mill and box plant. This is a sound strategic move as Atlantic Corporation purchases 150,000 tons of linerboard from its competitors each year which could lead to problems such as lack of supply and increased cost prices. Construction of a new linerboard mill would be time consuming and the opportunity cost of lost revenue from this may exceed the benefits when the mill becomes operational. For Atlantic Corporation, it may face two scenarios: linerboard becoming unavailable or linerboard prices increase. Both these two scenarios will be detrimental to the company’s performance and should be avoided. As linerboard’s industry sales is less responsive to market movements, signifying that it is less risky, the acquisition of Royal Paper’s mill and box plants will reduce...
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...Downloaded from mtq.sagepub.com at Glasgow University Library on July 5, 2011 Volume 8(4): 339–366 Copyright © 2008 SAGE www.sagepublications.com DOI: 10.1177/1470593108096540 articles Marketing the hegemony of development: of pulp fictions and green deserts1 Steffen Böhm University of Essex, UK Vinícius Brei Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Brazil Abstract. In this paper we analyze the role of marketing in the construction of what can be called the hegemony of development. Through an investigation of the marketing practices of the pulp and paper industry in South America and the resistances that are articulated by a range of civil society actors against the expansion of this industry, we problematize marketing as a political and contested discourse and practice. By using Laclau and Mouffe’s (1985, 2001) theoretical framework, which is centered on the concept of ‘hegemony’, we highlight the crucial role marketing plays in the social and cultural legitimation of the highly controversial development of the pulp and paper industry – regarded as one of the most polluting industries in the world – in South America. We build on...
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...Link¨ping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations o No. 1105 Supply chain optimization in the forest industry Helene Gunnarsson Division of Optimization Department of Mathematics Link¨pings universitet, SE-581 83 Link¨ping, Sweden o o ISBN 978-91-85831-85-2 ISSN 0345-7524 Copyright c 2007 Helene Gunnarsson unless otherwise noted ISBN 978-91-85831-85-2 ISSN 0345-7524 Printed by LiU-Tryck, Link¨ping, Sweden 2007 o Acknowledgements First of all, I would like to give special thanks to my supervisor Mikael R¨nnqvist o for giving support, inspiration and guidance. Your positive attitude and enthusiasm have meant much to me. I would also like to thank my co-supervisor Jan Lundgren for your support, encouragement and guidance in writing. Thanks to Dick Carlsson at S¨dra Cell AB for very good cooperation and friendo ship. I am grateful to Torbj¨rn Larsson, for always taken time for discussions cono cerning both research and teaching. I appreciate my friendship with Maud G¨the-Lundgren. o Thanks to Mathias Henningsson for good cooperation in teaching and J¨rgen o Blomvall for helping me with computer problems. Thanks to Kaj Holmberg for interesting discussions about decomposition methods. Thanks to Oleg Burdakov and Sven Erlander for encouragement. The group of PhD students has been important for me. Thanks to Maria Daneva, Elina R¨nnberg, Per-˚ke Andersson and Kristian Lundberg for supo A porting me and for all fun discussions. Thanks also to my former colleagues, I miss...
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...ripublication.com/ijaer.htm Case Study of Solid Waste Management at a College Campus Abhilash Krishna, Krishna Nandanan, Pradeep Kumar S.S. and Srihari K.S. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore, India. Abstract This paper examines the technical, economic and environmental aspects of the waste management techniques practiced at an educational campus in South India. It encompasses the entire spectrum of waste collection, segregation, reuse, recycle, incineration and landfill. An in-depth analysis of this process has been done as it helps to both emulate and improve this complex yet essential practice. The study involves interaction with people directly associated with this process by which a clear understanding of the technical and management aspect of the entire process can be obtained. It has also provided a substantial amount of raw data regarding the amount and types of waste generated, labour, cost and other related aspects. Appropriate suggestions and justifications had been put forth to improve the efficiency of the system. Keywords: Bio-degradable waste, compost, non bio-degradable waste, waste management. 1. Introduction A sample population of 8000 people in a 450-acre college campus had been considered. The college campus is located in a nondescript village in South India. In such a populous community, generation of large amount of wastes is not surprising. Waste generated here varies from paper, plastic, cloth, glass...
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...International Paper, Androscoggin Mill’s central ordering department receives all orders and places them in open slots in their weekly production cycles. The manager of operations control must take into consideration how many machines are available, which ones run what process, and how long each process runs. The production schedule is very detailed but remains flexible to allow for changes. Demand for paper products is cyclical in nature and fluctuates with the economy. A linear program ran each quarter to optimize the schedule. Similar size orders were grouped together to eliminate as much waste as possible. Trucks and railcars also had to be scheduled for shipments. . Tour B: Norcen Industries key production considerations would be scheduling. As a “job shop” they create a wide variety of products to fulfil customer orders. The production manager must make sure the workers were assigned and understood the correct tasks. Assigning the best operator to perform certain tasks help keep costs down and machines running efficiently. On-time deliveries are important to receive repeat orders. Small jobs were given preference to expedite billing. As drops in demand created fewer orders the foreman ran into bottleneck issues. 2. Identify potential bottlenecks (use process flow diagram in text) and discuss possible methods of breaking them. Tour A: International Paper, Androscoggin Mill – Some of the potential bottlenecks could be caused by machine breakdowns, paper breaks...
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...Neely Centre for Business Performance, School of Management, Cranfield University, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, UK E-mail: m.bourne@cranfield.ac.uk *Corresponding author John Mills and Ken Platts Centre for Strategy and Performance, Institute for Manufacturing, University of Cambridge, Mill Lane, Cambridge, CB2 1RX, UK Abstract: Currently, there is a great interest in performance measurement with many companies attempting to implement the balanced scorecard. However, there is also evidence that many of these implementations are not successful. This paper reviews the different performance measurement system design processes published in the literature and creates a framework for comparing alternative approaches. The paper then proceeds to review the literature on performance measurement system implementations and concludes that the performance measurement literature is at the stage of identifying difficulties and pitfalls to be avoided based on practitioner experience with few published research studies. This paper is the first of two, the second going on to consider performance measurement implementation from the point of view of the change management literature. Keywords: Performance measurement; management process implementation. Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Bourne, M., Neely, A., Mills, J. and Platts, K. (2003) ‘Implementing performance measurement systems: a literature review’, Int. J. Business Performance Management, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp.1-24. Biographical...
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