...qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwer...
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...trimmed to below 2 m (6.6 ft.) when cultivated for its leaves. The flowers are yellow-white in color, 2.5-4 cm (0.98-1.6) in diameter, with 7 to 8 petals. It also has a strong taproot. This kind of plant is native to mainland China, South And Southeast Asia but now, it can be found across the world in tropical and subtropical regions. Tea drinking can be traced back to the 10th Century BC in China before it was spread to Korea an Japan. Basically, tea is made by brewing tea leaves to create an extract. Due to the chlorophylls and other pigments the leaves contain, the extract commonly appears with a brown color. Ink is a liquid or paste that contains pigments or dyes and is used to color a surface to produce an image, text, or design. Ink is used for drawing or writing with a pen, brush, or quill. Thicker inks, in paste form, are used extensively in letterpress and lithographic printing. Ink can be a complex medium, composed of solvents, pigments, dyes, resins, lubricants, solubilizers, surfactants, particulate matter,fluorescents, and other materials. The components of inks serve many purposes; the ink’s carrier, colorants, and other additives affect the flow and thickness of the ink and its appearance when dry. Other residences in province can make their own ink because school supply stores are too far from their houses. This study aims to search for a natural and renewable source of ink, to look for a cheaper way of producing ink with the use of tea bags, to create an alternative...
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...Science as Inquiry: 5–8 • Properties and Changes of Properties: 5–8 Suggested Prior Knowledge: concepts of solutions, mixtures, separation of mixtures, solubility Purpose: To give students an understanding of paper chromatography and to allow students to separate a mixture of pigments extracted from leaves. Key Vocabulary: absorbent—material used in chromatography that will attract and absorb the compounds being separated chlorophyll—one of many pigments used by plants to absorb energy from sunlight in the process of photosynthesis chromatography—method used to separate a mixture of compounds based on differing solubilities of the compounds in the solvent being used eluent (solvent)—material used in chromatography which carries the compounds to be separated through the absorbent photosynthesis—process by which plants convert energy from sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide gas into sugar solute—substance dissolved in a solution solution—homogeneous mixture of two or more substances solvent—substance dissolving the solute in a solution Objectives: 1. Students will be able to design and carry out an investigation to separate the pigments from a leaf by paper chromatography. 2. Students will identify a mixture by separating it into different compounds. Materials: - safety goggles - chromatography paper or filter paper cut into strips - chromatography solvent (commercially available: 90% petroleum ether and...
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...A paint is composed of pigments, solvents, resins, and various additives. The pigments give the paint color; solvents make it easier to apply; resins help it dry; and additives serve as everything from fillers to antifungicidal agents. Hundreds of different pigments, both natural and synthetic, exist. The basic white pigment is titanium dioxide, selected for its excellent concealing properties, and black pigment is commonly made from carbon black. Other pigments used to make paint include iron oxide and cadmium sulfide for reds, metallic salts for yellows and oranges, and iron blue and chrome yellows for blues and greens. Solvents are various low viscosity, volatile liquids. They include petroleum mineral spirits and aromatic solvents such as benzol, alcohols, esters, ketones, and acetone. The natural resins most commonly used are lin-seed, coconut, and soybean oil, while alkyds, acrylics, epoxies, and polyurethanes number among the most popular synthetic resins. Additives serve many purposes. Some, like calcium carbonate and aluminum silicate, are simply fillers that give the paint body and substance without changing its properties. Other additives produce certain desired characteristics in paint, such as the thixotropic agents that give paint its smooth texture, driers, anti-settling agents, anti-skinning agents, defoamers, and a host of others that enable paint to cover well and last long. Manufacturing process The manufacturing process involves five critical parts: Accurate...
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...investigation. Materials List all of the materials used in this lab. Procedure Include a step-by-step procedure for what you did in the lab, written in your own words. Data and Observations * List your original predictions about the expected pigment components of each candy color. * Create an organized and labeled data table that lists the color and distance traveled of each pigment separated from each original candy color or ink type. Remember to have two separate sections or tables for the two solutions (salt water and alcohol) used. * Also include any other observations that you made during the course of the investigation. Discussion and Conclusion: The first part of this section discusses the observations and results of the lab as well as any mistakes that may have been made (or what measures were taken to try to avoid mistakes) and what improvements, if any, you can think of for the procedure for the next time the lab will be conducted. The discussion section of this lab should also include discussions on the following: * A comparison of how each solution (salt water and alcohol) separated the pigments from each color of candy or ink type. Which solution worked better at separating each of the pigments (it may be different for different candy colors or inks), and why do you think that is? * If you had allowed less time for the...
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...Step 1: Toning the Canvas I usually tone my canvas with a sunlight tone—warm gray (ivory black, white and a little orange); after you put shadow in, what’s left is a sunlight tone. Here I began a quick placement sketch and established the highest light somewhere about one-third up and in, on the canvas. Aside from that, as a gesture, this allows me to figure out how to get the eye moving in and out of the canvas. Step 2: Starting with the Clouds In this case, since the sky takes up a major portion of the painting, I placed it first. Starting with the shadows of the clouds, I used a mix of cobalt blue, ivory black and white. Step 3: Mixing in Rocks After laying in the shadow parts of the sky, using the same colors as in step 2, I next mixed a darker value to lay in the rocks. Step 4: Adding Color Value Once the rocks were in place, I began to address the green foreground by putting in some of the color to represent the beginnings of sunlight in the value of cadmium yellow deep (sunlight gray, black and white, ultramarine blue, cadmium yellow light). I also added a few darker accents. Step 5: Laying the Sky I next began to lay in the clear part of the sky. You can see how the toned canvas helps in the progression. If I think it works within the painting, I’ll let some of the tone show through and even allow some of it to be left undisturbed. Step 6: The Highest Light Finally I applied the highest light. At this point, if the values are in the right place so that the highest...
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...INDEX Sr. No. | Chapter | Page No. | 1 | Executive Summary | 7 | 2 | Industry Profile | 8 | 3 | Company Profile | 9 | 4 | Aims & Objective | 11 | 5 | Methodology | 11 | 6 | Findings And Analysis | 12 | 7 | Conclusion & Suggestions | 15 | 8 | Appendix | 17 | 9 | Bibliography | 19 | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This project has been carried out as a part of the curriculum of the Second Year Bachelor of Business Administration of St. Xaviers College Mapusa, Goa. The project research has been completed in Atul Ltd. At Atul, Gujarat from 14th May 2013 to 27th June 2013. Project was mainly based on Comparison between Dyestuff industries present Scenario and future scope in India and China and in India at Atul ltd forecasting the scope for the growth of the company. I have come up analysis that compares industries in India and China and the way Atul ltd is operating and have also given suggestions for the same. INDUSTRY PROFILE Dyestuff Industry is one of the core industries that is integral part of textiles in India . It is also the second highest export segment in chemical industry. The industry is made up of about 1,000 small scale units and 50 large organized units, who produce around 1,30,000 tonnes of Dyestuff. Maharashtra and Gujarat account for 90% of dyestuff production in India due to the availability of raw materials and dominance of textile in these regions. The major users of dyes in India are textiles, paper, plastics, printing ink and...
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... put 4 water drops on a piece of foil and put each piece of candy in the water . Drew a line 1cm from the edge of the paper put 4 dots on the line for each color dipped a cotton swab in each color and added to the coffee filter three times each mixed 1/8 teaspoons of salt and 3 cups of water in to a pitcher and shaked it until it was dissolved poured the salt water in to a glass cup so that the liquid level was ¼ inch put the coffee filter in to the salt water the dyes started to separate repeat steps 2-9 but with alcohol and not salt water Data and Observations List your original predictions about the expected pigment components of each candy color. I thought that no color would move. Create an organized and labeled data table that lists the color and distance traveled of each pigment separated from each original candy color or ink type. Remember to have two separate sections or tables for the two...
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...RED, WHITE, BLUE AND YOU Or, The Color of Politics An Essay by Charles Ebeling Presented at the Chicago Literary Club Election Eve, November 5, 2012 Copyright 2012 Charles Ebeling Dedicated to the memory of my good friend and neighbor Marshall J. Goldsmith Who was my guest at the Literary Club, October 24, 2011 Some us recall a great 1986 film called “The Color of Money,” and no, cynics, it wasn’t about politics. That film earned Paul Newman the Oscar for Best Actor as a pool hustler and stakehorse, who enjoyed a glass or two of J.T.S. Brown Kentucky bourbon, my favorite beverage from college days. But, unless I’ve missed a documentary or foreign film along these lines, I haven’t yet seen a dramatization called “The Color of Politics.” Yes, there is such a thing as “The Politics of Color,” but as social commentary, not as a film title. “The Color of Politics” is equally real though, and has a long history. I first dabbled in the palette of politics on election eve, 2008, when I presented before the club on that occasion an essay I’d titled “One Collage Too Many,” painting...
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...Professor Elliott October 14, 2012 “Pigments” Pigments are the foundation of all paints, and have been used for thousands of years dating back to prehistoric times. More than 15,000 years ago cavemen began to use colour to decorate cave walls. These colours were called earth pigments - yellow earth, red earth and white chalk. In addition they used carbon black by collecting the soot from burning animal fats. These colours were all that were needed to produce the sensitive and exquisite drawings and stencils which we are still able to see today (Winsor & Newton. 2003). According to Douma, M. (2008), the first paintings ever found were cave paintings. Ancient peoples decorated walls of protected caves with paint made from dirt or charcoal mixed with spit or animal fat. In cave paintings, the pigments were able to stick to the walls because the pigments became trapped in the porous wall and also, because the spit of fat dried and adhered the pigment to the wall. It is hypothesized that the way that the paint was applied was through brushing, smearing (using their fingertips), dabbing and using spraying techniques. Brushes were made from horsehair, and paint spraying (similar to air brushing) was accomplished by blowing paint through hollowed animal bones. Historians found the shoulders of animals, as well as other animal bones in caves stained with color presumed to have been used as mortars for pigment grinding. The pigment was made into a paste with various binders...
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...Faculty of Business Administration Negotiation Techniques NEGOTIATING IN THE REAL WORLD By: NITA ANA-MARIA I. Presentation of the parties involved 1. Cloud Nine Cosmetics is a Romanian company that is starting to grow its share in the hair dye and hair care market. The company needs a new color supplier, however the focus is on finding a natural colorant, in order for their products to maintain their high quality. Therefore, the company had investigated the exterior market and found an Indian supplier. Knowing that Indian manufacturers are usually family businesses they would have to introduce themselves through a contact that works with the company, and negotiate the contract taking into account the formalities and procedures of a different culture. 2. Accha manufacturers is an Indian family owned business, however it is less traditional in the fact that there is a woman, mrs. Hari Prabvu, as a general manager. They have been in business for centuries and they have managed to be around by adapting to the new environments while keeping their traditions alive through their process of creating the colorants. Their strategy is to extend to the International market, therefore start supplying for exterior companies. However, they would need to build some long term business relations, since that is the only way they would be willing to collaborate. This means that their partners have to be trustful, because this is their way of working. The colorants they make...
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...Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 8 (2013) 6734 - 6743 International Journal of ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE www.electrochemsci.org Natural Dye Extracted from Rhododendron Species Flowers as a Photosensitizer in Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Hee-Je Kim1, Yeo-Tae Bin1, S.N. Karthick1, K.V. Hemalatha*,1, C. Justin Raj1, S.Venkatesan2, Songyi Park1, G. Vijayakumar3 1 School of Electrical Engineering, Pusan National University, Jangjeon, Geumjeong, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea. 2 Measurements Laboratory, Gujarat Tea Processors and Packers Ltd., Khokhra, Ahmadabad-380008, Gujarat, India 3 Department of Chemistry, RVS Faculty of Engineering, Affiliated to Anna university, Coimbatore, India * E-mail: hemaac@gmail.com Received: 7 February 2013 / Accepted: 4 April 2013 / Published: 1 May 2013 The natural dye, anthocyanin, was extracted from the flowers of Rhododendron species with three different colors, pink, red and violet, using a simple extraction technique, and was used as the sensitizer in dye-sensitized solar cells. The dyes were treated with nitric and acetic acids to examine their effects on the power conversion efficiency. According to the experimental results, the performance was better with the acetic acid-treated anthocyanin. The Jsc value for the acetic acidtreated pink, red and violet dyes increased to 0.887, 0.932 and 0.737 mA/cm2 compared to nitric acid treated and bare dye. The conversion efficiency of the acetic acid-treated pink, red and violet was 0.35%, 0.36%,...
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...450 and 495 nanometres. Blues with a higher frequency and thus a shorter wavelength gradually look more violet, while those with a lower frequency and a longer wavelength gradually appear more green. Pure blue, in the middle, has a wavelength of 470 nanometres. In painting and traditional colour theory, blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments, along with red and yellow, which can be mixed to form a wide gamut of colours. Red and blue mixed together form violet, blue and yellow together form green. Blue is also a primary colour in the RGB color model, used to create all the colors on the screen of a television or computer monitor. The modern English word blue comes from Middle English bleu or blewe, from the Old French bleu, a word of Germanic origin, related to the Old High German word blao.[2] The clear sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering. When sunlight passes through the atmosphere, the blue wavelengths are scattered more widely by the oxygen and nitrogen molecules, and more blue comes to our eyes. Rayleigh scattering also explains blue eyes; there is no blue pigment in blue eyes. Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective. Blue has been used for art,...
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...Introduction The principal reasons for coloring textiles are for aesthetic appearance and decoration or for utilitarian purposes, and unless there is an unpredicted change in human behavior the majority of textiles will continue to be dyed to produce colored apparel, home furnishings, carpets, etc. Among the aesthetic uses are fashion garments and household articles such as drapes, towels, and carpets. In the utilitarian group are uniforms (military and civil), and work wear. In order for a colored substance to be regarded as a dyestuff, a number of requirements must be satisfied. A dyestuff must be substantive for a textile and exhaust from an aqueous solution into the fiber; have a high exhaustion; exhaust at a rate allowing economic processing; give a uniform level dyeing; and have satisfactory fastness for the particular end use the textile is intended for. The process of dyeing is therefore a combination of chemistry, application technology, economics, and customer needs. Also, reactive dyes are a class of highly coloured organic substances, primarily used for tinting textiles, that attach themselves to their substrates by a chemical reaction that forms a covalent bond between the molecule of dye and that of the fibre. Objective Reactive dyes is used to identify the class of colorant on cellulosic fibre by the chemical reactions. Apparatus - Dyed fabric - 0.1% non-ionic detergent - Mixture of glacial acetic acid and ethanol (1:1 vol./ vol.) - 1% ammonia solution...
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...The effect of temperature on membrane permeability in beetroots Temperature ±1 (oC) | Absorption ±0.001 and observations | 30 | .886Water stained purple halfway through the test tube | 40 | .238Beetroot turned yellow-orange, water also stained yellow-orange | 50 | .140Water stained dark purple | 60 | .109Water stained lighter purple than 50C, beetroot lost color slightly and floating in middle of water | 70 | .056Water stained red-orange especially near the bottom, beetroot lost color almost completely, beetroot floating near top of water | 80 | .010Water stained light pink, beetroot lost all color and is floating at top of water | 100 | .030Water stained light pink (similar to 30C) and beetroot lost color and is floating at top of water | Conclusion: Our results support that as the temperature increased, the permeability of the beetroot also increased, due to destruction of the membrane. We can see this through the curve on our graph; our readings from the colourimeter showed that light absorption decreased as the temperature increased, meaning that the solution was more concentrated due to more of the pigmented substance from the beetroot vacuole leaking through the destroyed beetroot membrane. This was also evident through observation of the different solutions of water (as the temperature of water increased, the extent of pigmentation of the water increased). For 20oC, we obtained a reading of .886, which decreased to .238 by 40oC, and eventually to .010...
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