Infectious diseases remain a major cause of illness, disability, and death. Vaccination is a highly effective way of preventing certain infectious diseases since it induces protective immunity against such infectious agents. A traveler’s risk for acquiring infectious diseases is determined by various factors, including immunization status, location of travel, season, duration of exposure, occupational and recreational activities while traveling, as well as local rate of virus transmission at the time of travel. However, hand washing the oldest and still the most effective way of preventing diseases must be practiced by all travelers irrespective of which country you are traveling to. Some of these diseases include food and water borne, vector borne, blood borne, zoonosis, air borne, disease transmitted from soil and sexually transmitted diseases. Food and water borne diseases such as hepatitis A (fecal-oral route), typhoid fever and cholera, and diarrhea transmitted by the consumption of contaminated food and drink water or beverage during traveling. For example, drinking water contaminated with raw sewage, eating shell fish (such as oysters and clams) that have been harvested from contaminated water, eating raw fruits or vegetables washed in contaminated water, and swimming pools that aren't properly disinfected. Travelers must avoid consumption of potentially contaminated food, drink and drinking-water. Oral rehydration salts should be carried to combat dehydration in case of severe diarrhea and seek proper information on the foods while practicing safe infection control.
Vector-borne diseases on the other hand, account for 17% of the estimated global burden of all infectious diseases and the most deadly vector-borne disease is malaria (WHO, 2014). Malaria has caused an estimated 627 000 deaths in 2012.However, the world's fastest growing vector-borne disease is