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Patho-Pharm

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Submitted By nursepam1974
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Pathopharmacological Foundations for Advanced
Nursing Practice

Competency Assessment

WUT Task 1

Pamela L. Taylor RN-C(OB), BSN

Western Governors University

June 2016

A.

Disease Process

For the purpose of discussion of pathopharmacological features of a specific disease process, this paper will provide information related to heart disease in the form of coronary artery disease (CAD).
A1.
Pathophysiology Analysis Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of mortality worldwide and becoming a steadily more investigated problem due to its prevalence. Much research is going into genetic, inflammatory mechanisms and neuro-hormonal factors related to CVD as scientific knowledge evolves regarding complexity of this broad pathophysiology. Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of the subsection of CVD called CAD. This is a form of arteriosclerosis where there is progressive thickening and hardening of the vessel walls of the two major coronary arteries and their branches. The thickening is an accumulation of lipid-laden macrophages inside the wall of the artery leading to the formation of lesions and plaque buildup (McCance, K. & Huether, S., 2014). When the plaque develops on the coronary artery walls the pumping ability of the heart becomes impaired as oxygen and nutrients needed for heart function may be partially or completely impeded. Complete occlusion of a coronary artery or one of its branches leads to a myocardial infarction (MI) evidenced by impaired myocardial metabolism and ischemic tissue death. Depending upon the location or branch of the artery where occlusion takes place, different regions of the heart muscle are affected. This acute insult is a significant source of morbidity and mortality depending on the severity and reaction time for medical intervention (McCance, K. & Huether, S., 2014).

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