Free Essay

Patho Unit 1 Case Study

In:

Submitted By Jpoole322
Words 545
Pages 3
Being a 54 year old chronic alcoholic, having gastrointestinal bleeding/mental deterioration, and showing signs of cirrhosis, F.C. is in a very dangerous position. It is concerning that he was found to have a .18 BAC because this is a potentially fatal level of alcohol in the blood (Be Responsible About Drinking, 2013). Some common manifestations of alcoholic cirrhosis that F.C. may experience include weight loss, loss of appetite/energy, edema/ascites, mood changes, and jaundice (WebMD 2012). Of these symptoms, ascites and jaundice are both secondary from hepatocellular failure, and weight loss and ascites are also secondary symptoms to portal hypertension (Copstead, pgs. 756-759).
Unfortunately, with cirrhosis and portal hypertension also typically comes gastric or esophageal varices. These varices are pathways that open up when portal pressure becomes too high in order to redirect the blood flow back to the heart. When these pressures rise and these varices open up, it leaves the lining beneath the mucosa very susceptible for rupture, leading to major bleeding. Since F.C. has already had several incidents with GI bleeding, he is at an even greater risk for re-bleeding (Copstead, pg. 761).
F.C’s mental deterioration is most likely caused by a disorder called hepatic encephalopathy. When cirrhosis occurs, the parts of the liver cannot function the way that they are supposed to. Since once of the major jobs of the liver is to clean out, or “detox” the blood, this function can be inhibited or even stopped if cirrhosis becomes too severe. When the blood is not being filtered correctly, these toxins can continue through the blood stream and begin to effect the brain, leading to mental disorders (National Institute of Health, 2014). This is a major problem and must be treated as one. The first steps that must be taken are to stop drinking alcohol, and go to the hospital to have the bleeding stopped and blood in the intestines removed. Antibiotics and diuretics may be prescribed to flush out the body of the toxins and protein will need to be restricted. This is a very serious disorder and should be managed before treatment is no longer an option. The encephalopathy may be treatable, but if it is left alone there is a very good chance that F.C. may go in to a coma or pass away from complications.

References
Be Responsible About Drinking (2013, January 22). BAC Charts. Retrieved May 30, 2014, from http://www.brad21.org/bac_charts.html
Copstead, L. E., & Banasik, J. L. (2010). Liver Diseases. In Pathophysiology (pp. 756-759). St. Louis, Mo: Saunders Elsevier.
Copstead, L. E., & Banasik, J. L. (2010). Liver Diseases. In Pathophysiology (p. 761). St. Louis, Mo: Saunders Elsevier.
Medscape (2005). Medscape: Medscape Access. Retrieved May 30, 2014, from http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/501977_4
National Institute of Health (2013, October 13). Alcoholic liver disease. Retrieved May 30, 2014, from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000281.htm
National Institute of Health (2014, May 16). Hepatic encephalopathy. Retrieved May 30, 2014, from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000302.htm
WebMD (2012, July 11). Cirrhosis of the Liver Stages, Causes, Symptoms, Treatments. Retrieved May 30, 2014, from http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/cirrhosis-liver?page=2

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Yet Unknown

...Argument Essay Unit: Lesson Plan and Class Activities Global Learning Outcomes for this Unit *In the course of completing the assignment students will: • Learn to compose an argumentation-oriented thesis • Defend their thesis with academic-quality research that is properly sourced and cited as per the standard of university level writing • Anticipate and respond to counterarguments • Learn to critically engage the revision process through draft writing, instructor conferencing, and peer commentary • Respond the work of their peers as peer reviewers while providing relevant, productive feedback Class 1 – Introducing the Classical Argument Essay *Daily Learning Outcomes: • Reflect on Informative Essay • Introduce Classical Argument Essay • Break down the assignment sheet *Activity 1: Individual Reflection / Class Discussion (15 min) - Students open their portfolios and journals then reflect for ~10 minutes on their experiences during the Informative Essay Unit - Discuss reflections as a class *Activity 2: Introduce Classical Argument (20 min) - Have students bring a hard copy of the assignment to class with a highlighter: a. Get into groups of 4 b. Read the sheet aloud, highlighting all the action verbs c. Discuss the sheet as a group as instructor makes rounds *Activity 3: Mini-Lecture on Assignment /Questions (15 min) - Powerpoint slides “The Features of an Academic Argument” - Allow time for student questions...

Words: 4393 - Pages: 18

Premium Essay

Argument

...Argument Essay Unit: Lesson Plan and Class Activities Global Learning Outcomes for this Unit *In the course of completing the assignment students will: • Learn to compose an argumentation-oriented thesis • Defend their thesis with academic-quality research that is properly sourced and cited as per the standard of university level writing • Anticipate and respond to counterarguments • Learn to critically engage the revision process through draft writing, instructor conferencing, and peer commentary • Respond the work of their peers as peer reviewers while providing relevant, productive feedback Class 1 – Introducing the Classical Argument Essay *Daily Learning Outcomes: • Reflect on Informative Essay • Introduce Classical Argument Essay • Break down the assignment sheet *Activity 1: Individual Reflection / Class Discussion (15 min) - Students open their portfolios and journals then reflect for ~10 minutes on their experiences during the Informative Essay Unit - Discuss reflections as a class *Activity 2: Introduce Classical Argument (20 min) - Have students bring a hard copy of the assignment to class with a highlighter: a. Get into groups of 4 b. Read the sheet aloud, highlighting all the action verbs c. Discuss the sheet as a group as instructor makes rounds *Activity 3: Mini-Lecture on Assignment /Questions (15 min) - Powerpoint slides “The Features of an Academic Argument” - Allow...

Words: 4392 - Pages: 18

Free Essay

Therapeutic Hypothermia with Oohca

...expenditure, excitatory neurotransmitters resulting in calcium cellular reflux and accumulation of oxygen free radicals (Busto et al., 1987). To improve the outcome of patients who survive cardiac arrest requires not only reducing the ischemic process as quickly as possible, caused by cardiac arrest, but also preventing post resuscitation syndrome caused from reperfusion (Safar, 1993). Cerebral reperfusion after successful resuscitation can trigger harmful chemical cascades such as oxygen free radical production which can result in multifocal brain damage. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is considered as an effective method for reducing the deleterious neurological outcomes in patients who have out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Clinical and animal studies have shown that TH following cardiac arrest reduces both the cerebral metabolic rate and oxygen demand and it is thought to attenuate reperfusion injury, global inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, all consequences of cerebral...

Words: 2116 - Pages: 9

Premium Essay

Fallacies

...Political-Editorial Cartoon By Gary Bacskay Kaplan University HU345 Professor Sean Choi 3-14-2014 I chose a cartoon that is portraying President Obama on a fighter jet exclaiming that we are in need of Defense Cuts. Photo by Michael Ramirez - Townhall http://townhall.com/political-cartoons/michaelramirez/2014/02/26/116552 This cartoon to me is describing how the government (with Obama in charge) is so far in debt, that the government is deciding where they need to cut back the federal budget. What better place to do that than taking money away from the military. This cartoon is displaying a military U.S. fighter jet in the sky with a person (President Obama) straddling the plane behind the cockpit holding a chain saw. It shows that the President just got done cutting the end or the back of the fighter jet off as the back of the jet is falling. There is a phrase that the President is saying, it says; “You Won’t Even Notice The Defense Cuts.” Thesis The most logical area to cut the national debt is by reducing the amount of money that is put into our military branches, but is this the best way to shrink our debt? There are those who think that we do not need our military. But I truly believe this is not the way to fix our problem. We need our military whether we like it or not. I know, and I feel much safer knowing that I have my fellow brothers and...

Words: 1351 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Project

...Communicating Corporate Social Responsibility - A Discussion of the CSR Phenomenon and CSR Communication, With Empirical Focus on NOKIA Author: Martin Lykke Jacobsen (271128) Supervisor: Dorrit Bøilerehauge June 2006 MA in International Business Communication – International Marketing, Communication & Public Relations (Cand.ling.merc. – International Informationsmedarbejder) Faculty of Language and Business Communication, English Department, Aarhus School of Business Table of Contents 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2 Purpose ........................................................................................................................... 1 Theory and Method ......................................................................................................... 2 Delimitation .................................................................................................................... 4 Structure ......................................................................................................................... 6 Corporate Social Responsibility ........................................................................................... 8 2.1 Defining CSR................................................................................................................... 8 2.1.1 Corporate Citizenship ..................

Words: 28362 - Pages: 114

Premium Essay

Paper

...Clinical Notes The Visible Human Project p. 7 Homeostasis and Disease p. 13 An Introduction to Studying the Human Body This textbook will serve as an introduction to the inner workings of your body, providing information about both its structure and its function. Many of the students who use this book are preparing for careers in health-related fields—but regardless of your career choice, you will find the information within these pages relevant to your future. You do, after all, live in a human body! Being human, you most likely have a seemingly insatiable curiosity—and few subjects arouse so much curiosity as our own bodies. The study of anatomy and physiology will provide answers to many questions regarding the functioning of your body in both health and disease. Although we will be focusing on the human body, the principles we will learn apply to other living things as well. Our world contains an enormous diversity of living organisms that vary widely in appearance and lifestyle. One aim of biology—the science of life—is to discover the unity and the patterns that underlie this diversity, and thereby shed light on what we have in common with other living things. Animals can be classified according to their shared characteristics, and birds, fish, and humans are members of a group called the vertebrates, characterized by a segmented vertebral column. The shared characteristics and organizational patterns provide useful clues about how these animals have evolved over time...

Words: 5395 - Pages: 22

Free Essay

Women Inequality

...INITIATIVES IN PAKISTAN TO ENHANCE THE WOMEN’S ROLE IN DEVELOPMENT: Economic Census of Pakistan – women owned businesses represents only 3% of total enterprises (3.2 million enterprises) in Pakistan.  Most of women owned businesses are really small i.e. turnover < 1 million and/or investment < 0.5 millioMost women-headed businesses operate from home  Financial matters are handled by male family members  Women entrepreneurs are seen in subordinate roles  little education, skills, and exposure to business; negligible peer support and business association, low capitalization and poor investment capacity  60% of women entrepreneurs in Pakistan opt for traditional business i.e. beauty parlors, bakeries, boutiques with largest number in garments and handicrafts sectorn. Role of SMEDA for WE Development “The word entrepreneur is derived from the French verb enterprendre that means to undertake”. We can define an entrepreneur as “……One who undertakes a commercial enterprise and who is an organisational creator and innovator” (Gartner.) “Female entrepreneurs are defined as those who use their knowledge and resources to develop or create new business opportunities, who are actively involved in managing their businesses, and own at least 50 per cent of the business and have been in operation for longer than a year” (Moore and Buttner, 1997) International development programs...

Words: 4257 - Pages: 18

Premium Essay

Ncp Nursing Care Plan

...NUR160 Ca Name: Jodi Wiak | Section: 160 | Instructor: Ms. Higgins | Dates of care: 4/1/14 | Week: 1st clinical | Name: Jodi Wiak | Section: 160 | Instructor: Ms. Higgins | Dates of care: 4/1/14 | Week: 1st clinical | General Survey | Age: 85 | Sex: F | Ethnicity: Caucasion | # of days since admission: 7d | Allergies: Latex PCN | Code Status: FULL CODE | Diet: TPN | Rationale: Small bowel obstruction and resection benefit TPN over tube feedings is that all the nutrition is delivered at a cellular level making it immediately available for the body to utilize rather than making the body breakdown and absorb nutrients in the GI tract. It makes it easier on the digestive tract by giving the GI a chance to rest and heal without causing more harm. The patient also has to expend energy to breakdown foods/nutrition through the GI tract. Getting it TPN conserves the much needed energy the patient needs to heal their tissues and gain strength. | Activity: bedridden w/slight mobility with a walker | Rationale: Post surgical abdominal surgery, pt age, weakness, and recent foot surgery limiting her mobility. | Behavior/Affect: My pt was anxious when I first arrived due to her elevated B/P, N&V, and pain intolerance. By the end of shift my patient was very calm and communicative. | Isolation: | Yes | No | Culture: ⦵ | Source: ⦵ | Type of Isolation: ⦰ ⦵ | Height: 5’ 7.5” | Weight: 133 | BMI: 20.5 (BSA 1.71) | General Survey | Age: 85 | Sex:...

Words: 14960 - Pages: 60

Free Essay

Mobile Telecommunications and Health

...of precautionary health protection                       April 2000 ECOLOG-Institut               Translated by   Andrea Klein   Mobile Telecommunications and Health   Review of the Current Scientific Research in view of Precautionary Health Protection     Commissioned by  T‐Mobil  DeTeMobil Deutsche Telekom MobilNet GmbH              Authors  Dr Kerstin Hennies  Dr H.‐Peter Neitzke  Dr Hartmut Voigt    With the support of   Dr Gisa‐Kahle Anders    ECOLOG‐Institut  für sozial‐ökologische Forschung und Bildung gGmbH  Nieschlagstrasse 26  30449 Hannover  Tel. 0511‐92456‐46  Fax 0511‐92456‐48  Email mailbox@ecolog‐institut.de  Hannover, April 2000  Contents 1 1 1.1 1.2 2 Introduction  1 3 New Technologies and Precautionary Health Protection  Terms of Reference and Structure of the Review  5 2.1 2.2 3 Collating and Interpreting the Scientific Data (Methodology)  5 5 Primary  Reciprocal  Effects  between  High  Frequency  Electromagnetic  Fields  and Biological Systems (Biophysical and Biochemical Processes)  3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 Thermal Effects  3.1.1 Effects of Homogenous Warming  3.1.2 Microthermal Effects  Direct Field Effects  3.2.1 Effects from the Electrical Component of the Electromagnetic Field  3.2.2 Effects from the Magnetic Component of the Electromagnetic Field  Quantum Effects  Other Effects  Particular Properties of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields  ...

Words: 23756 - Pages: 96

Premium Essay

None at This Time

...DC David Korn, M.D. Donald R. Stanski, M.D. Editors DRUG DEVELOPMENT SCIENCE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This is the report of a conference convened by the Association of American Medical Colleges and the Food and Drug Administration in response to the FDA white paper entitled “Innovation or Stagnation: Challenge and Opportunity on the Critical Path to New Product Development”. The conference was partially supported by the FDA. The AAMC acknowledges with gratitude the additional support provided by Abbott Laboratories, Cephalon, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, GlaxoSmith Kline, Merck & Co. Inc., and Pfizer, Inc. The conference planning committee consisted of Drs. David Korn, Joel Kupersmith, Carl Peck, Donald Stanski, and Janet Woodcock. Figures 1 and 2 are taken from the FDA white paper. The back cover composite is derived from charts presented at the conference by Dr. Peter Corr, Pfizer, Inc. The report was designed by Douglas Ortiz, AAMC. To request additional copies of this publication, please contact: Joi Morris Association of American Medical Colleges Division of Biomedical and Health Sciences Research 2450 N Street, NW Washington, DC 20037-1127 Phone: (202) 828-0484 Fax: (202) 828-1125 E-mail: jmorris@aamc.org i DRUG DEVELOPMENT SCIENCE TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

Words: 14590 - Pages: 59

Premium Essay

Busoga and Its Cultural Practices

...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY REPORT ON TWEGAITE EFFORTS FOR BUSOGA DEVELOPMENT By Dr. Bakama BakamaNume, Chair, Busoga Twegaite, Houston, Texas, Dr. Fred W. Alibatya, Chair, Twegaite Inc. – New Jerseyand Mr. John Kizito-Kalema, Chair, Twegaite, Minneapolis, MN. History and Accomplishments Purpose By the time of this report Twegaite has three announced chapters: (1) Twegaite Inc. – New Jersey, (ii) Busoga Twegaite – Houston, TX and (iii) Twegaite – Minneapolis, MN. Twegaite has had two international conventions: Houston, May 22nd – 26th and Minneapolis, May 22nd – 25th. The three chapters are unanimous in purpose and resolve to develop Busoga. Just note that both Houston and Minneapolis made Twegaite truly international. (i) New Jersey Chapter At the May 21st – 25th , 2009 Twegaite second International Convention in Minneapolis, MN, the banquet speaker Betsy Waibi Zikusoka spoke of the history and purpose of Twegaite as a concept and an organization. She also highlighted some of the achievements the organization had scored in specific projects back in Busoga. “I shall try my best to give you the history of Twegaite” she said. “Twegaite came about as a result of a meeting that was held in Princeton Junction, one Sunday afternoon, in October 1998. We figured that as a group the idea of trying to give back to our community in Busoga and Uganda at large was not a bad one. It is a non-political group and the name Twegaite means, "Let's unite." Membership is open to anybody in the world who subscribes...

Words: 14654 - Pages: 59

Free Essay

Literary and Social Concerns in the Novels of William Thackeray and Charles Dickens

...Кафедра іноземної філології Literary and Social Concerns in the Novels of William Thackeray and Charles Dickens CONTENTS |INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………… |3 | |PART 1. A review of literary and social concerns in the novels of William Thackeray and Charles Dickens………………………………………………… | | |1.1. Social concerns as a mirror of current literature in the XIX century…. |4 | |1.2. Social and literary problems in “Vanity Fair” by William Thackeray... |4 | |1.3. Art, veracity and moral purpose in “Oliver Twist” by Charles Dickens |5 | |Conclusion ……….…………………………………………………………….. |7 | |PART 2. Approaches and manners of the social problems transmission………. |10 | |2.1. The problem of poverty and social inequalty in society. The authors’ approach to this |11 | |problem............................................................................... ...

Words: 12201 - Pages: 49

Free Essay

I'M Just Here

...concerns and just to discuss course topics. Feel free to come by my office anytime during these hours. Course Description This course is a global investigation of the styles and methods of artistic production covering Prehistoric through Gothic periods. Media studied include: drawing, painting, sculpture, architecture, printmaking, textiles, ceramics, and metal arts. Using this framework, universal themes are studied within their historical, political, economic, theological, sociological, and ethnic contexts. Prerequisites Must be placed into college-level reading and college-level writing Academic Learning Outcomes for Program Lecture Courses 1. Identify the formal elements and principles of design.***** 2. Apply critical thinking when comparing works of art. Course Student Learning Outcomes (SLO): 4 to 7 1. Identify and describe works of art based on their chronology and style, using standard categories and terminology. 2. Investigate major artistic developments and...

Words: 5954 - Pages: 24

Premium Essay

Calidad de La Empresa

...with former Philips top managers. Findings – The paper shows that Philips’ leaders used different styles of leadership to create a deliberate atmosphere and willingness to change. The final emergent transformation, however, could only sufficiently materialise while it rejuvenated existing management concepts like Quality Management. The success was partly based on the fact that these concepts played a historical role in the Philips organisation. Originality/value – The paper adds the historical style approach to leadership research and pays attention to the important role of the organization’s history during processes of organizational change. Keywords Change management, Business history, Leadership styles, Organizational change Paper type Case study Introduction On October 25th 1990 the president of Philips Jan Timmer announced a reorganisation operation, called Centurion, which included a lay-off of 45.000 jobs. The Netherlands was shocked. Philips ushered a reduction of personnel at...

Words: 10248 - Pages: 41

Premium Essay

Philips

...with former Philips top managers. Findings – The paper shows that Philips’ leaders used different styles of leadership to create a deliberate atmosphere and willingness to change. The final emergent transformation, however, could only sufficiently materialise while it rejuvenated existing management concepts like Quality Management. The success was partly based on the fact that these concepts played a historical role in the Philips organisation. Originality/value – The paper adds the historical style approach to leadership research and pays attention to the important role of the organization’s history during processes of organizational change. Keywords Change management, Business history, Leadership styles, Organizational change Paper type Case study Introduction On October 25th 1990 the president of Philips Jan Timmer announced a reorganisation operation, called Centurion, which included a lay-off of 45.000 jobs. The Netherlands was shocked. Philips ushered a reduction of personnel at an unheard scale in...

Words: 10260 - Pages: 42