...Patricia Hill Collins is apart of the sociological community and she also happens to be the first African American woman to hold her role (Higginbotham 2008). Her leadership and independence lead African American woman today. During the 1900’s, Collins and Kimberly Crenshaw conceived the concept of intersectionality that dealt with the lives and experiences of individuals in their diversity (Hobbs, Rice 17). Intersectionality was described as women and men living multiple layers of identities and were experiencing oppression and privilege (Hobbs, Rice 18). Intersectionality explores gender, sexuality, race, class, disability, age, and much more but it is evident to men and women to display the positions of power. Patricia Hill Collins published,...
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...Bailey Gerard-Custodio Ms. Dane ENGL 2593 November 26,2013 Essay 2: Patricia Hill Collin’s Thoughts on Shadow Tag Patricia Hill Collin’s main argument in, The Sexual Politics of Black Womanhood, is that race controls the type of objectification a woman will face. Meaning, race controls the way society perceives a woman. In the novel, Shadow Tag, Louise Erdrich tells a chilly story of a marriage controlled by possession. A woman is shown objectification through her cultural origin and background. Throughout the novel, Gil wished to possess Irene. His possession over Irene’s body was obtained through his depictions of her in his artwork. The idea that an object is something you can obtain and possess would relate the novel by Louise Erdrich to the argument of Patricia Hill Collins. Gil’s obsession over his wife’s body also created a form of domination that utilized a form of oppression. Patricia Hill Collins writes, “Sexuality becomes a domain of restriction and repression when this energy is tied to the larger system of race, class, and gender oppression.” Gil controlled Irene’s image and sexuality through a form oppression that accompanied her race, class, and gender because he found that it exemplified his talent as an artist. “He painted Indians when he painted his wife because he couldn’t help it—the ferocity between them, the need. Her blood ancestors came out in Gil’s painting as he worked.” Gil painted Irene in the way he wanted people to perceive her. He used her ...
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...differences in access to and control over production of goods and services, as well as the resources for provisioning and survival” (Acker 2006: 442). “Gender, refers to the socially constructed differences between male and female and the beliefs and identities that support difference and inequality, is also present in all organizations” (Acker 2006:444). “Race, refers to socially defined differences based on physical characteristics, culture, and historical domination and oppression, justified by entrenched beliefs” (Weber 2001 :10).This paper will analyze and discuss the issue of oppressions in relation to class, gender, and race using W.E.B. Du Bois’ thoughts on race, gender, and class. Also, the intersectional theory according to Patricia Hill Collins will be used for analyzing and discussion in regards race, gender and class. The work of W. E. B. Du Bois (1868-1963) has recently become recognized for its significant contributions to sociological theory (Zuckerman 2004:3). Although Du Bois himself was overwhelmingly concerned with the scientific perspective of "value free" sociological research, later social theorists have found his views on race to offer one of...
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...Intersectionality and Stereotypes Social Work 305 The University Dr. Sharon White said, “Intersectionality encompasses how one’s complex mix of identities influence the way an individual participates in, and is affected by society”. After watching the movie, Crash, I found it fairly difficult to analyze just one of the topics discussed in class. In many instances, race, class, gender and sexuality seem to intersect in our daily lives more often than we (as in one individual) may realize. It is important that we pay attention to this as we begin to form our opinions of people and situations. I have found that stereotypes are often the foundation for our beliefs and fears; however, there are always unknown factors that contribute to the formation of these stereotypes. As Crash opens, a black man, Detective Graham Waters, speaks about the nature of Los Angeles and the need for people to crash into each other. “It's the sense of touch. In any real city, you walk, you know? You brush past people, people bump into you. In L.A., nobody touches you. We're always behind this metal and glass. I think we miss that touch so much, that we crash into each other, just so we can feel something” (Crash). This was a great quote for me as I took the word crash as a metaphor for intersectionality. The metal and glass symbolize a shield or façade an individual has up. This shield provides protection and safety but it also prevents the outside from seeing what’s...
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...I continued to reflect on the date of these pieces. These articles span decades and decades of time between them and a clear reflection of how the ideology of family, gender, race, nation and space have evolved. I would take this analysis a step further and argue that even the more current piece by Patricia Hill Collins does not take many aspects views on family that were prevalent at the time that the piece was written. The Marx reader seems very period appropriate with slanted although typical views for the time in which it was written. I found the Marx reader extremely difficult to read. Concepts were put forth in the context of the period but for a modern day reader, you would almost need a translation to decipher. I struggled. A lot. The history discussed in the piece was something I was familiar with. The study and evolution of human society, the make-up and functions of the family unit and men, women and children’s roles in the structure of family have been studied extensively. Obviously this work evolves with time and changes as society does. In Collins piece, she started off with the use the of the term “family values” from the Dan Quayle speech in 1992 (Collins 1998). I was a 21 year old newly married mother of two at that time. I do remember the seemingly firestorm that ensued around that term. Various groups arguing for these so called “family values” and those who were arguing for such platforms as gay rights or a woman’s right to choose abortion, were in...
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...Foucault, Lorde and Hill-Collins are three philosophers who are the most influential thinkers of the 20th Century. They both criticized the society of phenomenon such as how the elite in society dominate and control; the inequality between of race, class, gender, sexuality and nation. In this paper, I will refer to three theorists: Michel Foucault, Audre Lorde and Patrica Hill Collins to analyze their vision of the ideal society and what should it be like. Also, I will also mention what we should need to do to get there. Michel Foucault is the French philosopher and one of the most influential thinkers of the 20th Century. He wrote different kinds of books and the most special one is about a new way to view the prison system. In this book, he used discipline and punishment to lay out his thoughts on how the elite in society dominate and control the society. Foucault is an anarchist and dislike societal rules. He thought these rules affected on the human spirit. Foucault’s theories mentioned the nature of power and its functions. It means power controls knowledge and how it is used as a form of social control. He analyzed the word of power is easy to cause some misunderstandings with a mode of subjugation, violence or form of the rule. In his theory, he does not agree to use a general system of domination produced by other groups which affected the society. In his discussions on power and dissertation, they have influenced many theorists. Those theorists believe that Foucault’s...
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...Destiny J. Green SOC 501 Critical Reaction: Critical Race Theory “Waiting to Exhale…” While delving into the assigned literature for this week, I noticed that it controlled me—my soul sometimes evoked a sense of pride, waves of applause, but most of all, anger. I immediately became aware of the forced sense of solidarity that I am assigned, the voice that always whispers to me when one of “us” appears intelligent: “Yes, these authors made us look like we had some sense! Look how analytical they sounded!” But why on earth do I have to feel like that in this marvelous, post racial society? After reading, I noticed that despite the year tacked on to the assigned readings, the content barely changed. From Dubois (1903) to Wingfield and Feagin (2012), we are still acknowledging the same woes that a society assigns particular groups of people. We are still attempting to come up with dire solutions in hopes that everyone will begin to “get along” with one another. But most of all, because of this…People of color are still waiting to exhale. In this essay, there will be two parts: Firstly, a general analysis of the assigned literature for this week. In this compartment of my paper, I will analyze extracted points from the readings thematically as it directly relates to certain points in the “Critical Race: An Introduction” excerpt. Here, I will also be giving a respectful critique of Dubois’ postulations in the “Souls of Black Folk.” Secondly I will critique Allport’s (1954)...
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...Jerosemin B. Gamboa ZSC 111 - 2ET Assignment: Give some proponents of sociology and their important contributions. Era/ Years | Proponent | Contribution | 1798 - 1857 | Comte, Auguste | August Comte is known as the founder of positivism and is credited with coininging the term sociology. Comte helped shape and expand the field of sociology and placed a great deal of emphasis in his work on systematic observation and social order. | 1818 – 1883 | Marx, Karl | Karl Marx is one of the most famous figures in the founding of sociology. He is known for his theory of historical materialism, which focuses on the way social order, like class structure and hierarchy, emerges out of the economic system of a society. He theorized this relationship as a dialectic between thebase and superstructure of society. Some of his notable works, like "The Manifesto of the Communist Party," were co-written with Friedrich Engels. Much of his theory is contained in the series of volumes titledCapital. Marx has been described as one of the most influential figures in human history, and in a 1999 BBC poll was voted the "thinker of the millennium" by people from around the world. | 1858 - 1917 | Durkheim, Émile | Social Fact, AnomieEmile Durkheim is knows as the "father of sociology" and is a founding figure in the field of sociology. He is credited with making sociology a science. One of his most famous pieces of work includes Suicide: A Study In Sociology, and another important work of...
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...Gender Roles and Sexuality Challenges regarding masculinity and femininity play a big role in gender formation and how one is supposed to identify with a specific category. Gender is an identification label with being male or female and it is a socially constructed behavior that may be intentional or unintentional. Overall, gender is formed by how one identifies themself as. The media is a way we view masculinity and femininity because at an early age we are taught that young girls play with baby dolls and boys play with cars; but even prior to that as soon as a child is conceived they are right away put into a specific category where they wear blue if their male and pink if their female. In the video presentation of Frida Kahlo we learn how she was bisexual and see how she would battle with her masculine and feminine side. In a family portrait we get a visual that at a young age Frida dressed in suit and tie when a young lady as herself should be wearing a dress. Furthermore, this would reflect certain themes in her artwork but I believe she tried to conceal her identity by marrying her husband Diego because this is something that was expected of her even though she loved him very much. In regard to sexual imagining; it gives us a way to think of gender structure. This idea argues that it prevents critical analysis of gender formations and a way that gender is an organized institution. Certain theories of gender in sociology require how one person learns to perform and...
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...University of Tennessee: Department of Sociology Sociology 110: Social Problems/Social Justice Tuesday, Thursday: 8:10AM-9:25AM College of Nursing, Room 105 Instructor: Holly Ningard Office Hours: Tuesday, Thursday 9:25AM-10:25AM, or by appointment. Office: 243 Greve Hall Email: hningard@vols.utk.edu COURSE DESCRIPTION Welcome to Social Problems/Social Justice! Sociology, broadly speaking, is the scientific study of the development, structure, and processes of human society. This course is designed to provide an introduction to the sociological approach to social justice in modern society. What you learn in this classroom will help you to gain an understanding of the issues that are happening today, right now, everywhere you look. That's what's so exciting about this field! It is the goal of this course not simply to discuss current issues such as globalization, poverty, and inequality, but to be able to use the sociological perspective to understand the history, theory, and broader social forces behind these issues. With successful completion of this course, you will leave not only with an understanding of elements of social structure and the organization of society, but with the knowledge of how to apply the sociological perspective to analyze social problems and issues in the contemporary world. REQUIRED TEXTBOOKS Readings in Social Justice (2nd Edition), R. Scott Frey, ed. ISBN: 978-1-4652-1290-0 Additional readings will...
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...451728 cLaughlin et al.American Sociological Review 2012 ASRXXX10.1177/0003122412451728M Sexual Harassment, Workplace Authority, and the Paradox of Power American Sociological Review 77(4) 625–647 © American Sociological Association 2012 DOI: 10.1177/0003122412451728 http://asr.sagepub.com Heather McLaughlin,a Christopher Uggen,a and Amy Blackstoneb Abstract Power is at the core of feminist theories of sexual harassment, although it has rarely been measured directly in terms of workplace authority. Popular characterizations portray male supervisors harassing female subordinates, but power-threat theories suggest that women in authority may be more frequent targets. This article analyzes longitudinal survey data and qualitative interviews from the Youth Development Study to test this idea and to delineate why and how supervisory authority, gender nonconformity, and workplace sex ratios affect harassment. Relative to nonsupervisors, female supervisors are more likely to report harassing behaviors and to define their experiences as sexual harassment. Sexual harassment can serve as an equalizer against women in power, motivated more by control and domination than by sexual desire. Interviews point to social isolation as a mechanism linking harassment to gender nonconformity and women’s authority, particularly in male-dominated work settings. Keywords inequality, gender, power, sexual harassment The term sexual harassment was not coined until the 1970s (Farley 1978), but formal...
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...Bryant-45099 Part I.qxd 10/18/2006 7:42 PM Page 36 5 FEMINIST METHODOLOGIES AND EPISTEMOLOGY ANDREA DOUCET Carleton University, Canada NATASHA S. MAUTHNER University of Aberdeen, Scotland O ver the past 10 years of teaching courses on research methods and feminist approaches to methodologies and epistemologies, a recurring question from our students concerns the distinctiveness of feminist approaches to methods, methodologies, and epistemologies. This key question is posed in different ways: Is there a specifically feminist method? Are there feminist methodologies and epistemologies, or simply feminist approaches to these? Given diversity and debates in feminist theory, how can there be a consensus on what constitutes “feminist” methodologies and epistemologies? Answers to these questions are far from straightforward given the continually evolving nature of feminist reflections on the methodological and epistemological dimensions and dilemmas of research. This chapter on feminist methodologies and epistemologies attempts to address these questions by tracing historical developments in this area, by considering what may be unique about feminist epistemologies and feminist methodologies, by reviewing some of sociology’s key contributions to this area of scholarship and by highlighting some key emergent trends. The chapter begins with a brief overview of the theoretical and historical development of feminist epistemologies, followed by a similar overview...
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...Workplace Harassment and Violence Report Jacquie Carr, Community Researcher Audrey Huntley, Community Researcher Barbara MacQuarrie, Centre for Research on Violence Against Women and Children, University of Western Ontario Sandy Welsh, Department of Sociology, University of Toronto Names are listed in alphabetical order and reflect varied, but equal contributions to the overall project and report. We are grateful to Status of Women Canada for funding this project and for the continued sponsorship of the Ontario Coalition of Rape Crisis Centres. We also thank the members of our Advisory Committee for pushing and challenging us throughout this project. We thank the women who facilitated focus groups and helped us contact the women in this study. Finally, this report would not be possible without the contributions of the women who told us about their experiences. © 2004 Centre for Research on Violence Against Women and Children ISBN# 0-9688655-3-4 1 “To understand violence, we have to examine both the personal experience and the terrain of that experience.” Dr. Yasmin Jiawani This report is built on the personal experiences of women who have experienced workplace harassment, but their stories are also about the “terrain” or the context of those experiences. In drawing out the commonalities of their experiences, we have begun to shed light on the terrain. We must transform the terrain if women are to have equality and safety in their workplaces...
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...This is a protected document. Please enter your student or faculty username and password. Username: Password: Log In Need assistance logging in? Contact Technical Support. Doc ID: 1009-0001-1993-00001994 Toll Free: 877.428.8447 M-F, 6am MST or Sat-Sun, 7am-12am MST Find us on Facebook and Follow us on Twitter! F I F T H E D I T I O N An Introduction to Multicultural Education James A. Banks University of Washington, Seattle Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City São Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo ISBN 1-269-53060-7 An Introduction to Multicultural Education, Fifth Edition, by James A. Banks. Published by Pearson. Copyright © 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. Vice President/Editorial Director: Jeffery Johnston Executive Editor: Linda Bishop Editorial Assistant: Laura Marenghi Senior Marketing Manager: Darcy Betts Production Editor: Karen Mason Production Project Manager: Elizabeth Gale Napolitano Manager, Central Design: Jayne Conte Cover Designer: Laura Gardner Cover Art: “Sea and Sky” (013) 2003 © Marvin Oliver Artist Full Service Project Manager: Niraj Bhatt, Aptara® , Inc. Composition: Aptara® , Inc. Printer/Binder/Cover Printer: Courier Westford Text Font: ITC Stone Serif Std 10/12 Text Credits: Page 11, Stiglitz excerpt: From Stiglitz, J.E. (2012). The price...
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...critical theory today critical theory today A Us e r - F r i e n d l y G u i d e S E C O N D E D I T I O N L O I S T Y S O N New York London Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business Routledge Taylor & Francis Group 270 Madison Avenue New York, NY 10016 Routledge Taylor & Francis Group 2 Park Square Milton Park, Abingdon Oxon OX14 4RN © 2006 by Lois Tyson Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business Printed in the United States of America on acid‑free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number‑10: 0‑415‑97410‑0 (Softcover) 0‑415‑97409‑7 (Hardcover) International Standard Book Number‑13: 978‑0‑415‑97410‑3 (Softcover) 978‑0‑415‑97409‑7 (Hardcover) No part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging‑in‑Publication Data Tyson, Lois, 1950‑ Critical theory today : a user‑friendly guide / Lois Tyson.‑‑ 2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0‑415‑97409‑7 (hb) ‑‑ ISBN 0‑415‑97410‑0 (pb) 1. Criticism...
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