...The Lowell Observatory did not concentrate wholly on Mars; “his other planetary observations - of Venus, Mercury, and Saturn - were also useful.” (Bruce Bond). Consequently, Slipher came to the observatory as a temporary assistant and he made a significant discoveries which is “how to measure the expansion of the universe.” (Bruce Bond). Then, Christopher Crockett in “Pluto: Explored. (Cover Story)” said that on February 18, 1930, the astronomer Clyde Tombaugh discovered new planet. Clyde Tombaugh discovered the dwarf planet Pluto from the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff,...
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...Native American Relocation Native American culture and its role in American history have always been a fascinating subject. There have been reading assignments on Native American’s removal and resistance, Black Hawk and his rebellion, and Emerson’s letter to President Van Buren. These pieces gave us a brief overview of America’s goals at the time, the action they took to achieve these goals, the Native Americans’ reaction, and the opinions held by the American people. These readings only scratched the surface of Native Americans and the role they have played in American History. The main cause of the interaction between Americans and the Native Americans was an increase in demand for land by Americans. As they pushed west and south, the frequency of interactions with Native Americans increased and so did hostility. I am aware that land demand issues were normally approached at first with peaceful negations. The American government would meet with the tribes and develop a treaty that resulted in less land for the Native Americans and more land for Americans. This would satisfy the Americans for a period of time but demand for land would just continue to increase. At this point Indians would either get restless and rebellions would ensue or Americans would violate the treaties and make moves on the Native’s land. In either situation the superior force of the American troops would result in them defeating the Indians. The Indians would then be forced to comply with American demands...
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...EVIDENCE OF STUDENT ATTAINMENT | RESOURCES | 91929384130 | EIGHTH GRADE: TO BE COMPLETED THROUGHOUT THE COURSEREADING LITERATURE: RANGE OF READING AND LEVEL OF TEXT COMPLEXITY By the end of the year, read and comprehend literature, including stories, dramas, and poems, at the high end of Grades 6-8 text complexity band independently and proficiently. [RL.8.10]READING STANDARDS FOR INFORMATIONAL TEXT: RANGE OF READING AND LEVEL OF TEXT COMPLEXITY By the end of the year, read and comprehend literary nonfiction at the high end of the Grades 6-8 text complexity band independently and proficiently. [RI.8.10]WRITING STANDARDS: RANGE OF WRITING Write routinely over extended time frames, including time for research, reflection, and revision, and shorter time frames such as a single sitting or a day or two for a range of discipline-specific tasks, purposes, and audiences. [W.8.10]KNOWLEDGE OF LANGUAGE Use knowledge of language and its conventions when writing, speaking, reading, or listening. [L.8.3]VOCABULARY ACQUISTION AND USE Acquire and use accurately grade-appropriate general academic and domain-specific words and phrases; gather vocabulary knowledge when considering a word or phrase important to comprehension or expression. [L.8.6]SPEAKING AND LISTENING STANDARDS Engage effectively in a range of collaborative discussions (one-on-one, in groups, and teacher-led) with diverse partners on...
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...Commerce and Marketing Faculty of Arts, Business, Informatics and Education Central Queensland University, Australia Email: k.bepari@cqu.edu.au; khokan552@yahoo.com Phone:+610402917968 Weak Form Market Efficiency of Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE), Bangladesh Abstract This paper examines the weak-form efficiency in Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) of Bangladesh adjusting for thin trading problem. Both non-parametric tests and parametric tests are used. The data sets consist of daily DSE General Index (DSE-GEN) and DSE 20 Index for the period ranging from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2007. The results of the study reveal that DSE return series are not normally distributed. Both the return series are stationary and do not follow a random walk. Overall, the study rejects the weak form efficiency of DSE. Key words: Efficient Market Hypothesis; Dhaka Stock Exchange; Random Walk Model; Weak Form of Efficiency; Return autocorrelation. JEL classification: G14, N25, G 34 Weak Form Market Efficiency of Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE), Bangladesh 1. Introduction The theory of efficient market hypothesis (EMH) proposed by Fama (1965) was a ‘water shed event’ in the capital market research. Fama (1970) defined a market as being efficient if prices fully reflect all available information. In the broadest terms of EMH, there are three forms of market efficiencies. Firstly, in weak form efficiency, security prices fully reflect only the history of prices or returns...
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...Journal of Business Research 62 (2009) 305–313 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Business Research Brand extension feedback: The role of advertising ☆ Eva Martínez a,⁎, Teresa Montaner b,1, José M. Pina a,2 a b Departamento de Economía y Dirección de Empresas, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Gran Vía 2, Zaragoza 50005, Spain Departamento de Economía y Dirección de Empresas, Escuela Universitaria de Estudios Empresariales, María de Luna S/N Edificio Lorenzo Normante, Zaragoza 50018, Spain A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Firms often use brand extensions as a way of introducing their new products, although they also risk diluting their brand image. In order to understand how consumers assess extensions and extended brands, the present work proposes and estimates a theoretical model, using the structural equation methodology. The results of the estimation indicate that the attitude towards the extension influences brand image and that this attitude is a consequence of the initial brand beliefs and the coherence of the new product. A multisample analysis also reveals that favoring the introduction of extensions through adequate advertising constitutes an efficient way of protecting brand image. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Article history: Received 1 May 2007 Received in revised form 1 February 2008 Accepted 1 May 2008 Keywords: Brand extensions Brand image Brand equity Advertising 1. Introduction Launching...
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...Teacher and Author: Teaching Middle and High School Using Literature Sandra Coleman Grand Canyon University RGD 545 Professor Karen Foster February 27, 2008 Teaching Middle and High School Student Using Literature Outline: I. Short Stories a) Activating Prior Knowledge b) Responding to the Selection c) Short Story Selections 1. Suggested Activities to use with Various Groups II. Oral Tradition Literature – Tall Tales and Folktales a) Analyze characteristics and plots of Folktales and Tall Tales b) Understanding Hyperbole c) Writing a Tall Tale d) Selections of Oral Tradition Literature III. Novel Studies a) Previewing the novel b) Defining and Understanding Elements of c) Character Analysis d) Problems and Solutions of the story IV. Historical Fiction a) Activating background/prior knowledge b) Setting a purpose for reading c) Writing about historical fiction V. Realistic Fiction a) Evaluating Realistic Fiction b) Responding to the selection c) Distinguishing between Fact and Opinion d) Summarizing the Story Chapter 1 – Short Stories: A short story is, like the name...
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...Sixth Edition Back Matter Endnotes © The McGraw−Hill Companies, 2005 Endnotes ■ Chapter 1 1. J. Whalen and B. Bahree. “How BP Learned to Trust Ally That Once Burned It,” Wall Street Journal, February 27, 2003, p. A4; “BP Won’t Abandon Driving Forces,” Wall Street Journal, November 27, 2003, p. A7. “Dell Set to Create More Than 100 Full-Time Jobs in Bray,” Irish Times, August 17, 2002, p. 15. Peter Landers, “Foreign Aid: Why Some Sony Gear Is Made in Japan,” Wall Street Journal, June 14, 2001, p. A1. Barnaby J. Feder, “IBM Beats Earnings Expectations Again,” New York Times, January 17, 2003, p. C4. Peter Landers, “Volkswagen and GM Racked Up Strong Sales in China in 2003,” Wall Street Journal, January 6, 2004, p. A3. Peralte C. Paul, “Daimler Bails Out of Deal,” Atlanta JournalConstitution, September 24, 2003, p. A1. Nicholas Itano, “GM Returns 10 Years After End of Apartheid,” New York Times, January 30, 2004, p. W1. Saritha Rai, “A Giant So Big It’s a Proxy for India’s Economy,” New York Times, June 6, 2004, p. W1. Ibid. WTO, “World Trade 2003, Prospects for 2004; Stronger Than Expected Growth Spurs Modest Trade Recovery,” WTO Press Release 373, April 5, 2004, p. 1. Ibid. Thomas Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree: Understanding Globalization (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1999). Jonathan P. Doh and Hildy Teegen, Globalization and NGOs: Transforming Business, Government, and Society (Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003). For discussion of some of the emerging concerns...
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...Long-term Finance and Economic Growth Working Group on Long-term Finance The views expressed in this report are those of the Working Group on Long-term Finance and do not necessarily represent the views of the individual members of the Group of Thirty. ISBN 1-56708-160-6 Copies of this paper are available for $49 from: The Group of Thirty 1726 M Street, N.W., Suite 200 Washington, D.C. 20036 Tel.: (202) 331-2472 E-mail: info@group30.org; www.group30.org Long-term Finance and Economic Growth Published by Group of Thirty© Washington, D.C. 2013 Table of Contents Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Glossary .............................................................................................................................................................................................6 Foreword ..........................................................................................................................................................................................8 Acknowledgments ..................................................................................................................................................................10 Working Group on Long-term Finance ................................................................................................................
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...Vance Packard With an Introduction by Mark Crispin Miller PUBLISHING Brooklyn, New York Copyright © 1957, 1980 by Vance Packard Originally published by Pocket Books, a division of Simon & Schuster, Inc. Introduction Copyright 2007© by Mark Crispin Miller All rights reserved. Printed in Canada Reissue Edition 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner without written permission of the publisher. Please direct inquiries to: Ig Publishing 178 Clinton Avenue Brooklyn, NY 11205 www.igpub.com Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Packard, Vance Oakley, 1914The hidden persuaders / Vance Packard ; [new] introduction by Mark Crispin Miller. p. cm. Originally published in 1957 by McKay and reissued in 1980 by Pocket Books with a new afterword. ISBN-13: 978-0-9788431-0-6 ISBN-10: 0-9788431-0-X 1. Advertising--Psychological aspects. 2. Consumers--Psychology. 3. Advertising, Political. 4. Propaganda. 5. Control (Psychology) I. Title. HF5822.P3 2007 659.101'9--dc22 2007027043 To Virginia CONTENTS Introduction by Mark Crispin Miller 1. The Depth Approach PERSUADING US AS CONSUMERS Z. The Trouble With People 3. So Ad Men become Depth Men 4. ....And The Hooks Are Lowered 5. Self-Images for Everybody 6. RX for Our Secret Distresses 1. Marketing Eight Hidden Needs 8. The Built-In Sexual Overtone 9. Back to the Breast, and Beyond 10. Babes In Consumerland 11. Class and Caste in the Salesroom 12. Selling Symbols...
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...University, UK, August 13–15, 2000) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. Published by Edward Elgar Publishing Limited Glensanda House Montpellier Parade Cheltenham Glos GL50 1UA UK Edward Elgar Publishing, Inc. 136 West Street Suite 202 Northampton Massachusetts 01060 USA A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data Islamic Banking and Finance: New Perspectives on Profit-Sharing and Risk / edited by Munawar Iqbal, David T. Llewellyn p. cm. “Some of the papers were presented at the Fourth International Conference on Islamic Economics and Banking, held at Loughborough University, UK, 13–15 August 2000” —Pref. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Banks and Banking—Islamic countries—Congresses. 2. Finance—Islamic countries—Congresses. I. Iqbal, Munawar. II. Llewellyn, David T. III. International Conference on Islamic Economics and Banking (4th: 2000:...
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...داﻧﺸﻜﺪه ﻋﻠﻮم اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ MBA ﺑﺮﻧﺪﻳﻨﮓ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﺔ ﺑﺮﻧﺪ ﻣﺰاﻳﺎ و ﻣﻌﺎﻳﺐ، ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎ و راﻫﻜﺎرﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﺎد: ﺟﻨﺎب آﻗﺎي دﻛﺘﺮ ﻓﻀﻠﻲ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ و ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ: ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﺳﺪي ﺤﻤ آذر و دي 9831 ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ 1 ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ اول - ﻧﺎﻣﻬﺎي ﺑﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻧﺎﻣﻬﺎي اﺻﻠﻲ در ﺗﻮﺳﻌﺔ ﺑﺮﻧﺪ 2 ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ دوم - ﺑﺎزﺧﻮرد ﺗﻮﺳﻌﺔ ﺑﺮﻧﺪ: ﻧﻘﺶ ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻐﺎت 81 ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻔﻲ - ﺑﺮﻧﺪﻳﻨﮓ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﺔ ﺑﺮﻧﺪ: ﻣﺰاﻳﺎ و ﻣﻌﺎﻳﺐ، ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎ و راﻫﻜﺎرﻫﺎ 23 ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ 1 – اﺻﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ اول 84 ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ 2 – اﺻﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ دوم 65 i ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ در ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ، ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﺑﺪون ﻧﺎم ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﺗﻨﻬﺎ واﺳﻄﻪﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻮاد اوﻟﻴﻪ و ﻣﺼﺮفﻛﻨﻨﺪة ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ و ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﺤﺪود ﺑﻮدن ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ و دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ آنﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎزارﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ، اﺻﻮﻻً رﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ و ﺷﻜﻞ اﻣﺮوز وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﮔﺬﺷﺖ زﻣﺎن و ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ، ﻗﺮن ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ دورة ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺑﺪل ﮔﺸﺘﻪ و ﻻزﻣﺔ ﻣﺼﻮن ﻣﺎﻧﺪن از ﺗﺒﻌﺎت اﻳﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات ﺳﺮﻳﻊ، ﺑﻪ روز ﻧﮕﻪ داﺷﺘﻦ ﻣﺰﻳﺘﻬﺎي رﻗﺎﺑﺘﻲ اﺳﺖ. ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻣﻮاردي ﻛﻪ در ادﺑﻴﺎت ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ، از آن ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺰﻳﺖ رﻗﺎﺑﺘﻲ ﻳﺎد ﻣﻲﺷﻮد، »ﺑﺮﻧﺪ« اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮﻧﺪ ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻲ اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﺔ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻮاردي از ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﻧﺎم ﺗﺠﺎري، ﻟﻮﮔﻮ، ﺷﻌﺎر ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻐﺎﺗﻲ و ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻤﻲ از اﻳﻦ دﺳﺖ را در ﺑﺮ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ. اﻣﺎ واﻗﻌﻴﺖ اﻳﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﻲ ﻓﺮاﺗﺮ از ﻫﻤﺔ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮارد اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮﻧﺪ، ﺣﺴﻲ از ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﻳﺎ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﻳﻚ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ در ذﻫﻦ ﻣﺼﺮفﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺣﻚ ﺷﺪه و ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻴﺖ اﻳﻦ ﺣﺲ، ﺑﺮﻧﺪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ارزش ﭘﻴﺪا ﻛﺮده و ﺑﺎ ﮔﺬﺷﺖ زﻣﺎن ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻜﻲ از داراﻳﻲﻫﺎي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد. در اﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ، دو ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﺎوﻳﻦ »ﻧﺎﻣﻬﺎي ﺑﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ...
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...Licensed to: iChapters User Eugene F. Brigham UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA Joel F. Houston UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Eugene F. Brigham UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA Joel F. Houston UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Licensed to: iChapters User This is an electronic version of the print textbook. Due to electronic rights restrictions, some third party content may be suppressed. Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. The publisher reserves the right to remove content from this title at any time...
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...MODULE 1: INTRODUCTION This module provides an overview on the subject of art appreciation for those entirely new to the subject. This is a complex topic to deal with and it is impossible to have a truly comprehensive discussion on the topic in such a brief essay. The student is advised to consult more advanced texts to gain further understanding of how to appreciate art more fully. HUMANITIES: What is it? • The term Humanities comes from the Latin word, “humanitas” • It generally refers to art, literature, music, architecture, dance and the theatre—in which human subjectivity is emphasized and individual expressiveness is dramatized. HOW IMPORTANT IS HUMANITIES • The fields of knowledge and study falling under humanities are dedicated to the pursuit of discovering and understanding the nature of man. • The humanities deal with man as a being of purpose, of values, loves, hates, ideas and sometimes as seer or prophet with divine inspiration. • The humanities aim at educating. THE ARTS: What is it? • The word “art” usually refers to the so-called “fine arts” (e.g. pictorial, plastic, and building)– and to the so-called “minor arts” (everyday, useful, applied, and decorative arts) • The word “art” is derived from arti, which denotes craftsmanship, skill, mastery of form, inventiveness. • Art serves as a technical and creative record of human needs and achievements. The word 'art' is often used in our daily lives. However, when...
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...Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank to accompany A First Look at Communication Theory Sixth Edition Em Griffin Wheaton College prepared by Glen McClish San Diego State University and Emily J. Langan Wheaton College Published by McGrawHill, an imprint of The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright Ó 2006, 2003, 2000, 1997, 1994, 1991 by The McGrawHill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. The contents, or parts thereof, may be reproduced in print form solely for classroom use with A First Look At Communication Theory provided such reproductions bear copyright notice, but may not be reproduced in any other form or for any other purpose without the prior written consent of The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. PREFACE Rationale We agreed to produce the instructor’s manual for the sixth edition of A First Look at Communication Theory because it’s a first-rate book and because we enjoy talking and writing about pedagogy. Yet when we recall the discussions we’ve had with colleagues about instructor’s manuals over the years, two unnerving comments stick with us: “I don’t find them much help”; and (even worse) “I never look at them.” And, if the truth be told, we were often the people making such points! With these statements in mind, we have done some serious soul-searching about the texts that so many teachers—ourselves...
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...Table of Contents Title Page Copyright Page Dedication Introduction Chapter 1 - Priming Chapter 2 - Confabulation Chapter 3 - Confirmation Bias Chapter 4 - Hindsight Bias Chapter 5 - The Texas Sharpshooter Fallacy Chapter 6 - Procrastination Chapter 7 - Normalcy Bias Chapter 8 - Introspection Chapter 9 - The Availability Heuristic Chapter 10 - The Bystander Effect Chapter 11 - The Dunning-Kruger Effect Chapter 12 - Apophenia Chapter 13 - Brand Loyalty Chapter 14 - The Argument from Authority Chapter 15 - The Argument from Ignorance Chapter 16 - The Straw Man Fallacy Chapter 17 - The Ad Hominem Fallacy Chapter 18 - The Just-World Fallacy Chapter 19 - The Public Goods Game Chapter 20 - The Ultimatum Game Chapter 21 - Subjective Validation Chapter 22 - Cult Indoctrination Chapter 23 - Groupthink Chapter 24 - Supernormal Releasers Chapter 25 - The Affect Heuristic Chapter 26 - Dunbar’s Number Chapter 27 - Selling Out Chapter 28 - Self-Serving Bias Chapter 29 - The Spotlight Effect Chapter 30 - The Third Person Effect Chapter 31 - Catharsis Chapter 32 - The Misinformation Effect Chapter 33 - Conformity Chapter 34 - Extinction Burst Chapter 35 - Social Loafing Chapter 36 - The Illusion of Transparency Chapter 37 - Learned Helplessness Chapter 38 - Embodied Cognition Chapter 39 - The Anchoring Effect Chapter 40 - Attention Chapter 41 - Self-Handicapping Chapter 42 - Self-Fulfilling Prophecies Chapter 43 - The Moment Chapter 44 - Consistency...
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