...“PEER INFLUENCE: THE EFFECT OF PEER GROUP TOWARDS THE DECISION-MAKING OF 2ND YEAR AB POLITICAL SCIENCE STUDENT” SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY Course: Bachelor of Science in Psychology- II Names: Balmes, Sharmaine D. Dagohoy , Jasmine D. Jalocon, Clarice P. Abstract: Introduction Group influence occurs when one's emotions, opinions, or behaviors are affected by others. Group influence takes many forms and can be seen in conformity, socialization, peer pressure, obedience, leadership, and persuasion. The actions, reactions, and thoughts of an individual are influenced by other people or groups. A useful framework of analysis of group influence on the individual is the so called reference group—the term comes about because an individual uses a relevant group as a standard of reference against which oneself is compared. Reference groups come in several different forms. Peer group is defined as a small group of similarly aged, fairly close friends and sharing the same activities. In general, peer groups or cliques have two to twelve members, with an average of five or six. Peer groups provide a sense of security and they help adolescents to build a sense of identity. (http://inside.bard.edu/academic/specialproj/darling/adolesce.htm, 2004) In actuality, peer influence is more complex than our stereotype of the negative influences from friends. First, peer influence can be both positive and negative. While we tend to think that peer influence leads teens to engage in unhealthy and...
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...who was very ……..Although the asset positive peer influence is present in John’s life, but because he lacks in the assets positive family communication, and learning engagement. John Conlon will not be a successful adult. John Conlan will not be a successful adult because he lacks the asset number two, positive family communication. In the book The Pigman, this quote is found, “Bore and I have been having...
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...Laura Gatell Perez BAMA with Media and Cultural Studies, Yr 3. School of Creative Enterprise. Digital Media: Report. 13.11.2009 What effect have Peer to Peer networks had on consumerism such as the selling of films and music? “In a P2P network, the "peers" are computer systems which are connected to each other via the Internet. Files can be shared directly between systems on the network without the need of a central server.” (http://www.techterms.com/definition/p2p) It is essential to understand the meaning of “Peer to peer” in order to study the subject in depth. This report aims to analyse and explore the effects of Peer to Peer networks in the music and film industry, and it’s effect on consumerism. In order to fully understand P2P networks, it is essential to study it’s historical and social context first. Peer to Peer networks started with the so called ‘Internet Boom’ in the late 1990’s. The first online file sharing services operating between 1999 and 2001 was Napster, created by Shawn Fanning. It was the first technology who allowed people to share their MP3 files with others. At the beginning only audio tracks were available for download and it took approximately 30 to 45 minutes for a song to download. Nowadays it takes about a few seconds for a song to download and from 10 to 20 minutes for a movie. However, Napster was soon shut down as it lead the music industry to accuse them of “massive copyright violations”. Moreover, in 10 years the number of users...
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...Peer-to-Peer Computing Overview, Significance and Impact, E-learning, and Future Trends What is “Peer-to-Peer” Computing? When computers moved into mainstream use, PCs (personal computers) were connected together through LANs (local area networks) to central servers. These central servers were much more powerful than the PCs so any large data processing took place on these servers. Since then, PCs have become much more powerful, and they are able to handle the data processing locally rather than on central servers. Because of this, PC to PC, or peer-to-peer computing can now occur when individual computers bypass central servers to connect and collaborate directly with each other. Three Distinct Peer-to-Peer Computing Models There are three distinct peer-to-peer computing models: 1. Multiple Peer Relationship PCs are connected/networked to each other through servers, and files can be shared and collected from anyone else on that same network. One key problem is this can lead to major breeches in security and intellectual property issues. Examples: Napster - http://www.napster.com (music sharing) Note: Due to legal issues, Napster has temporarily stopped file sharing services on their site. Kazaa - http://www.kazaa.com (multimedia sharing) Server Computer A Computer B Computer C 2. Distributed Peer Relationship A group of computers connected together to combine their computing and processing abilities to search the Internet or solve very complex problems requiring massive...
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...How Environment Plays a Role in Learning Eric Williams College 100 American Military University Catherine Ellenwood Abstract This paper examines the quantitative effects that the learning environment has on the success and or failure of today’s student. The two basic factors that make up and comprise the learning environment are addressed, with elaboration given on how they negatively or constructively assist the modern student in his or her academic progression. A number of important facets key to a successful learning environment are addressed that are critical in ensuring that the learner is comfortable and undergos the most optimum learning experience available. Explanation is also given on how to improve the learning environment to support the student’s constant changing needs. How Environment Plays a Role in Learning In order for the student to develop his or her cognitive skills and successfully engage in the learning process, they must be immersed in a learning environment designed and well suited to properly stimulate them in their academic development. The effect that the learning environment has on the student, whether it’s the physical effect or the psychosocial effect, can’t be overstated asserts Dr. B.J. Fraser (as cited in Amirul, Ahmad, Yahya, Abdullah, Adnan and Noh, 2013, para. 2 ). Maintaining a positive learning environment that promotes active, progressive education is of the utmost importance. Ensuring that suitable and adequate...
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...software industry is affected because limited numbers of jobs are available. Lastly, consumers end up paying higher prices for software programs. Not being educated about software piracy will not exempt you of civil and/or criminal penalties if found guilty. Fines could include up to $250,000 and/or 5 years in jail. Software piracy is considered stealing it is the same as shoplifting or burglary. The software user also runs a higher risk of viruses and fatal system crashes because of corrupted diskettes or defective software. Consumers also lose because they don't enjoy the full benefits of technical support, warranty protection, or product upgrade information. The history of computer piracy started, because too many factors had a critical influence on it. So, the best way is to begin with the concept piracy is most related to - the Internet. The idea was born in the late fifties, after the first artificial earth satellite - USSR's Sputnik - was launched. In response, the United States formed the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), with the goal of establishing a US lead in science and technology applicable in the military. The aim of the Internet (1962) was to maintain control over the US Air Force missiles and bombers after a nuclear attack and decentralize the command center so that if any locations (cities) in the US were attacked, the military could still retain control of nuclear arms...
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...downloaded music (Ipsos-Reid, 2002b). File sharing is heavily linked to youth. While a majority of Americans under 18 years old have downloaded and half of those are heavy users, only a fifth of those aged 35-44 have downloaded files (Edison Media Research, 2003). Among U.S. adults at least 18 years old, the number of downloaders has about doubled since 2000 (Pew Internet Project, 2000 and 2003). Because physical distance is largely irrelevant in file sharing, individuals from virtually every country in the world participate. When peers download, they don't all download from one place. Millions of peers around the world are connected and they download files off of each other's computer. Popular networks are Kazaa, WinMX, Limewire, Morpheus, Frostwire and many more. Downloading files is free, but many people are confused that it would be stealing. The RIAA (Record Industry Association of America) had announced that it is stealing, but people won’t stop. Peers know that P2P programs still exist and they keep on trading, sharing and downloading. "Music Industry Officials estimate that they have lost more than $300 million worth of CD sales due to free Internet trading" For this, they say trading MP3's (music files) is stealing. In the year 2000, Napster was the P2P network that got other P2P networks started. The RIAA...
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...Is the free sharing of copyrighted material on the internet a morally acceptable action? Can we apply different moral philosophies to such a modern problem? In recent history, with the advent of peer-to-peer sharing programs and the free availability of many different types of media on the internet, the morality of the sharing of copyrighted material has come into question. In order to gain understanding on issue, we can apply several universal moral theories, including the Kantian, Utilitarian, and Rights Ethics philosophies. There are many users of the internet today, and a majority of them participate in file-sharing via the use of a wide variety of peer-to-peer (P2P) networks. These people believe that what they are doing is not wrong, but rather one of their rights as consumers of media. In contrast to this, many people of the movie and music industries believe that their creative works are protected property and that file sharing takes away from the benefits that they receive from those works. By having the consumer purchase the media, it gives the creator both money to create more work and the added affirmation to generate more creations. This situation has arisen due to several factors; these factors include technological advances that provide the ability for free sharing of media, the opinions of several creators driving the arguments against sharing, and the wide popularity of the internet. Napster was one of the first widely used free-sharing networks. In June 1999...
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...同行对同行贷款在美国 (Peer-to-Peer Lending in the United States) | 摘要 (Abstract) 互联网已经彻底改变了我们思考，生活的方式，并互相交流;这种进步还可以扩展到我们如何做生意。消费者和生产者的传统模式已永远地改变或取代有更好的东西，而在本文中，我们探讨这样一个例子：点对点点对点贷款。The Internet has revolutionized the way we think, live, and interact with each other; this progress can also be extended to how we do business. Traditional models of consumer and producer have been forever changed or supplanted with something better, and in this paper, we examine one such example: peer-to-peer lending. 2014年7月25日 | 同行对同行贷款在美国 (Peer-to-Peer Lending in the United States) | 摘要 (Abstract) 互联网已经彻底改变了我们思考，生活的方式，并互相交流;这种进步还可以扩展到我们如何做生意。消费者和生产者的传统模式已永远地改变或取代有更好的东西，而在本文中，我们探讨这样一个例子：点对点点对点贷款。The Internet has revolutionized the way we think, live, and interact with each other; this progress can also be extended to how we do business. Traditional models of consumer and producer have been forever changed or supplanted with something better, and in this paper, we examine one such example: peer-to-peer lending. 2014年7月25日 | TABLE OF CONTENTS 概观 (Overview) 隐私和匿名 (Privacy and Anonymity) P2P贷款 (P2P Lending) 公司简介 (Company Profile) 减轻风险 (Mitigating Risk) 行业成功 (Industry Success) 国际比较 (International Comparison) 参考文献 (References) 概观 (Overview) “同行对等（P2P）计算或网络是一种分布式应用程序体系结构划分同行之间的任务或工作负载。同龄人同样的特权，在应用程序等效的参与者。它们被认为形成一个对等网络中的节点。” (“Peer-to-peer (P2P) computing or networking is a distributed application architecture that partitions tasks or workloads between peers. Peers are equally...
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...Illegal Downloading of Copyrighted Material Jacob McGuire DeVry University 04/16/2015 Professor: Arthur Basler Illegal Downloading of Copyrighted Material I want to paint you a picture. The picture has two sides. One side is a group of copyright owners that live in a system and a mindset that has not been updated in over 100 years. This group has not adapted to the changing times. On the other side of this picture you have individual people that what to experience what artist of music, movie and software present to the world. What I am presenting to you is world around illegal downloading of copyrighted material. The question I present to you is this, how can we bring both sides of this picture together with both sides being able to get what they want? To begin lets go back a few years to around 1998. I am sure most of you have heard of Napster. For those that didn’t think was a new file sharing program that was able to download copyright material digitally. The processed worked by taking small parts of the overall file from multiple sources and piecing them back together on your end as a whole file. This was a huge problem to the recording industry and as such saw their record sales fall. Instead of the recording industry trying to work with the leaders of Napster and other programs to come up with a solution, the recording industry along with some artist sued Napster for lost revenue. In the end Napster lost their court battle, but this was not the end of illegal...
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...Academic Research and Communication Skills (ARCS) “What are the good effects of Piracy in the entertainment buisness?” Candidate Name: Sumeth Madan Candidate Number: 1156FAGD011 Session: 2012-2015 Subject: ARCS Word Count : 4538 Supervisor: Hans Kirkels Draft – Final 19th June 2013 | Abstract: Background - Piracy in the Internet is defined as the evil force that is destroying the entertainment industry. This blame has been put on since the invention of the Internet and its file sharing ability. It has recently been observed that a significant number of reasons can help in proving that piracy does have a good effect on the society. Result – Distributing the three major entertainment industries such as the music industry, gaming industry and the Movie production industry the research helps in proving the question about why is piracy good to the society. Piracy is not only the back bone of the entertainment business but is also the backbone of the internet as by doing critical analysis we find that it even protects us from the government. Conclusions - A theoretical analysis, backed up by observation and intense reading and understanding of how the Internet and the piracy works we can conclude that the piracy has had good effects on the entertainment industry. Table of Contents Abstract……………………………………………………………………… 2 ...
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...ch Callen Farringer Taylor Saffo Jennifer Willoughby To: Daniel Ek, CEO & Co-Founder From: Callen Farringer, Co-VP of Services Marketing Taylor Saffo, Co-VP of Services Marketing Jennifer Willoughby, Co-VP of Service Marketing Date: December 5, 2014 Subject: Spotify Services Report 2014 Mr. Daniel Ek, The music streaming industry is extremely competitive; however, Spotify has managed to carry on as one of the top providers for music streaming, as well as increase their number of users exponentially over the past few years. Spotify stands out against their competition based on: * Well-known brand * Size of music library available * All of the music is stored in the cloud, allowing instant access * Website is easily navigated when searching for artists, albums, and tracks * Ability to customize and share playlists * Spotify’s high ethical standards and everything we do is legal * Free option with advertisements or pay $9.99 per month to avoid the interruptions. * Premium subscription allows users to use Spotify offline * Variety of applications that users can download to their home page leading to more possibilities and uses. * Can be used on a variety of different devices * User traffic has increased by 118% over the past 12 months (Sasson) Spotify is in a great position in the music streaming industry; however, there is always room for improvement. At Spotify, we want to be the best...
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...NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION Near Field Communication is an immerging technology in the field of wireless industry. NFC technology can be used in billing counters, buses, or sharing information to friends. It can be used by swapping the smart phone over NFC enabled device such as a NFC tag which has information stored in it. For example instead of swiping credit card in the card reader at any shop we can just simply take out phone from our pocket and wave it over the NFC enabled reader and credit card information will be transferred to the bank. HISTORY OF NFC NFC is not an innovation basically but an advance version of other short range wireless technologies like RFID. NFC forum was created to define the standards of NFC and facilitate it for further growth. NFC forum was founded in year 2004 in collaboration by Sony, Nokia and Philips. It define some standards which has to be followed by the NFC enabled devices and smartphones. The forum also ensures the inter compatibility of the NFC devices, which means that any NFC device can communicate with any other NFC device which provides a simple and fast way to transfer data and therefore it doesn’t restrict users to a few devices. Currently some companies have started using NFC technology such as Google and PayPal and this will encourage users to try this new technology. NFC is focusing on United States and is ready to establish itself as simple, contactless payment system. ...
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...Piracy- Now a major offense PHI 300 SEC 1 EMPL ID 773958 In America, the RIAA (Recording Industry Association of America) is the trade organization that works to protect intellectual property of artists and music labels. They attempt to prevent piracy of artists’ work by in some cases prosecuting offenders. According to the RIAA, global piracy causes $12.5 billion of economic losses every year, 71060 U.S. jobs lost, a loss of $2.7 billion in workers earnings (RIAA). How exactly then do prosecutors solve this issue? Their answer is to sue for excessive amounts, and even prosecuting to where it can lead up to 5 years in prison. One prime example of this unfair justice is the fairly new case involving Jammie Thomas-Rasset, who illegally downloaded over 1700 songs from a p2p network. It is unethical for such a corporation to incarcerate or even sue for such a misdemeanor offense (Barret, 2010). The evolution of how we obtain music has become easier to the public due to programs that allow people to download single songs or even albums, preventing them from having to leave their homes. Although it may seem effortless, downloading music has some stipulations that go along with how you are receiving the files. Basically what it boils down to is, if you did not pay for it, then it is illegal and considered piracy (RIAA). Illegal actions should be dealt with, but the question is, “Should the RIAA be rewarded such unruly amounts of cash, or better yet send people to jail over...
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...McBride Financial Security Policy To bring McBride’s electronic key online will provide a great source of control in their area of physical security. Employees will only have access to areas that their work in and access to information according to their rank in McBride facility. Any unauthorized access to any area of any McBride facility will be punishable in accordance with McBride's Non-Compliance Policy. If an access card, key are lost or stolen or is not returned a fee will be charged for a new item. When an access card is lost, it will be deactivated immediately until a new card is issued. When processing a loan application, McBride is in control of large amount of sensitive customer information including the customer’s credit report and history. The protection of this information is very important. To protect data from loss, equipment failure, or intentional destruction, all mortgage applications and associated data will be backed up to magnetic tape as well as archived to a remote server daily. Magnetic tape backups will be performed every evening (except for Sunday when tape drives will be cleaned and maintained). All data backups will be perform only by an authorized member of McBride's in-house IT department. Another way that McBride will now protect sensitive data is through account access controls. Passwords, encryption, and pertinent classification of data are a few measures that will be implemented to ensure this protection. Every procedure and process...
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