...Pepsi and Google Leadership Case Study 1. Culture is an essential element of organizing in the P-O-L-C framework. Do you think Google has a strong culture? What would it take to make changes in that culture, for better or for worse? Undoubtedly Google has one of strongest cultures in today’s corporate World. The strong work culture has paid off for Google as it is ranked consistently as the best place to work. If Google were to remain in the best position in the future, It has to change continuously and evolve accordingly to face the competitors. Google’s cultural innovations might be imitated in other companies as well. It is easy to have a good corporate life style when the company the company is doing very well on the economic front. When company’s resources become more constrained with the maturing of its industry and its business model, these kind of investments will be harder to make. When Google slows down financially it will be difficult to retain great employees. 2. Do you think Google’s unique culture will help or hurt Google in the long run? Google’s unique culture might not help Google as it is helping today. I think so because the corporate life style, more benefits to employees are very much imitable by other companies. Any company that is doing very good financially can adopt these measures. There comes a point...
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...CASE STUDY: THE PEPSI REFRESH PROJECT 2 Abstract This study aims to describe the successes and failures of the Pepsi Refresh Project and corresponding implications for other corporate social responsibility (CSR) projects seeking to employ information and communications technology (ICT) competitions, crowdsourcing and social media narratives as a means for production of ideas or tasks. The Knight Foundation’s (2009) seven key components of ICT competitions will be used as a framework to review the project and from there analysis of the project will take place using industry information and reviews. Lastly, implication for other ICT competitions will be discussed. Overall, this study explores the Pepsi Refresh Project’s effect on sales and corporate loyalty of consumers for the PepsiCo brand through consumer corporate trust generation. CASE STUDY: THE PEPSI REFRESH PROJECT 3 Case Study: The Pepsi Refresh Project The purpose of this investigation is to complete a case study of the Pepsi Refresh Project and from it devise high impact practices for its application to other corporate social responsibility (CSR) projects. The Pepsi Refresh Project was started in February 2010 using dollars annually used for Super Bowl advertising by PepsiCo and instead directed towards a grant-funding program to find solutions in betterment of communities (Pepsi, 2011a). The project utilized crowdsourcing for both submission and judging. The study will use The Knight...
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...Pepsi Project Table of Contents Executive Summary Pepsi (PEP) Background Statement of Cash Flows Analysis of ‘Cash Flow to Net Income’ Analysis of ‘Cash Flow Adequacy Ratio’ Analysis of ‘Free Cash Flow / Operating Cash Flow’ Competition Marketing Campaign Innovation References Pepsi (PEP) Background PepsiCo, Inc. is a global food, snack and beverage company. The Company's brands include Quaker Oats, Tropicana, Gatorade, Lay's, Pepsi, Walkers, Gamesa and Sabritas. Pepsico Inc. is registered on NYSE using the ticker symbol of ‘PEP’. Using the available data from 1978 till now, the PEP ticker symbol has seen the stock price increase of approximate 4400% , which is comparable to its closest competitor Coca-Cola’s (Ticker : KO) growth of 4500% in the same time period. Pepsico’s current Market Cap is approximately 98.83B with a P/E ratio of 15.90. A high P/E ratio suggests investor's confidence in the future growth prospects of the company and Pepsico has the highest P/E ratio as compared to its major competitors in the sparkling soda industry including Coca-Cola and Dr. Pepper. Even though it can be interpreted that PEP has lagged behind Coca-Cola over the years in US market but it is very important to understand that the majority of PepsiCo's revenues do not come from carbonated soft drinks.In fact, beverages account for less than 50% of total revenue. Additionally, over 60% of PepsiCo's beverage sales come from its key non-carbonated brands like Gatorade...
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...History The pharmacy of Caleb Bradham, with a Pepsi dispenser, as portrayed in a New Bern exhibition in the Historical Museum of Bern. Pepsi was first introduced as "Brad's Drink" in New Bern, North Carolina in 1898 by Caleb Bradham, who made it at his home where the drink was sold. It was later named Pepsi Cola, possibly due to the digestive enzyme pepsin and kola nuts used in the recipe.[2] Bradham sought to create a fountain drink that was delicious and would aid in digestion and boost energy.[3] In 1903, Bradham moved the bottling of Pepsi-Cola from his drugstore to a rented warehouse. That year, Bradham sold 7,968 gallons of syrup. The next year, Pepsi was sold in six-ounce bottles, and sales increased to 19,848 gallons. In 1909, automobile race pioneer Barney Oldfield was the first celebrity to endorse Pepsi-Cola, describing it as "A bully drink...refreshing, invigorating, a fine bracer before a race." The advertising theme "Delicious and Healthful" was then used over the next two decades.[4] In 1926, Pepsi received its first logo redesign since the original design of 1905. In 1929, the logo was changed again. In 1931, at the depth of the Great Depression, the Pepsi-Cola Company entered bankruptcy - in large part due to financial losses incurred by speculating on wildly fluctuating sugar prices as a result of World War I. Assets were sold and Roy C. Megargel bought the Pepsi trademark.[5] Eight years later, the company went bankrupt again. Pepsi's assets were then...
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...Stephan Orgiazzi 1 PepsiCo - The Company Pepsi (formerly known as Pepsi-Cola) is a cola carbonated soft drink that is produced and manufactured by PepsiCo. Created and developed in 1893 by Caleb Bradham, it was named Pepsi-Cola because of the digestive enzyme pepsin and kola nuts used in the recipe. Bradham sought to create a fountain drink that was delicious and would aid in digestion and boost energy. As the cola developed in popularity, he created the Pepsi-Cola Company in 1902 and registered a patent for his recipe in 1903. During over a century, the company product line expanded with the creation of alternative cola recipes such as Diet Pepsi and the purchase of popular soda companies like Mountain Dew. In 1965, the Pepsi-Cola Company merged with snack company Frito-Lay, Inc. to become PepsiCo, Inc. Interesting fact: PepsiCo was the first company to stamp expiration dates, starting in March 1994. (1), (2) Vision of the company The mission of the PepsiCo focuses on products and performance primarily, with a few values thrown in for good measure. The mission statement of the PepsiCo Company is: "Our mission is to be the world's premier consumer products company focused on convenient foods and beverages. We seek to produce financial rewards to investors as we provide opportunities for growth and enrichment to our employees, our business partners and the communities in which we operate. And in everything we do, we strive for honesty, fairness and integrity." (3) ...
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...PEPSI COLA CRISIS Yeşim Ekici, M.Sc Bahçeşehir University CONTENTS Brief History of Pepsi Crisis Crisis Management Analysis and Comments References CONTENTS Brief History of Pepsi Crisis Crisis Management Analysis and Comments Brief History of PEPSI 1891- 1935: faced bankruptcy twice 1898: becomes known as Pepsi Cola, formulated Pepsi-Cola 1941: First signs of success Listed on New York Stock Exchange 1964: formulated Diet Pepsi 1965: PepsiCo, Inc. was established through the merger of Pepsi-Cola and Frito-Lays Named one of the world’s top beverage companies CONTENTS Brief History of Pepsi Crisis Crisis Management Analysis and Comments CONTENTS Brief History of Pepsi Crisis Timeline of Crisis Crisis Management Analysis and Comments CRISIS PepsiCo was entering peak sales season (Memorial Day to Labor Day) June 9, 1993: Syringe found in Diet Pepsi can (Tacoma, Washington) Hypodermic syringes in cans which cause HIV/AIDS When the crisis hit, days later on: more than 50 new reports in more than 20 states with objects including: Syringes, a wood screw, a bullet, a crack cocaine vial and a broken sew needle TIMELINE OF CRISIS *2 more complaints reported 1 from Los Angeles; 1 from Pennyslvania *First complaint reported in Tacoma , Washington JUNE 9 JUNE 10 *FDA (US Food and Drug Administration) issues 5 states alert advising consumers to inspect their sodas by pouring JUNE 13 JUNE 14 *Multiple complaints reported from...
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...Jessica Turner has a master's degree in accounting and an undergrad degree in business. She established Turner Test Prep, a CPA exam review center, after being rejected by the Big Six accounting firms. She decided to bring the company into existence when she was searching for other employment options, and also because she had experience in the field when she worked at a review center's business office before taking up her master's degree. There, she inadvertently started teaching the math portion of the reviews, and received training in teaching. After passing the CPA exam on the first try herself, she decided that she would like to help those who want to take the CPA exam pass on their first try as well. And so she developed a business and marketing plan, convened with various professors to create a comprehensive curriculum, and opened her firm's doors. Instead of the normal review route of using books, software, or online courses, she provided a full service 6 week, 3-6 hours a day review regimen for her clients that include one hour live lectures from various professors, discussions about test taking skills and organizational skills to digest information faster, provided audiotapes that the clients can listen to at home or in their cars, executed timed mini tests as well as practice essay questions, one on one bi weekly client meeting to see how they've progressed and for them to ask questions, and a direct line to her via e mail for any queries the clients may have. She Even...
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...Case Study: Snapple Steals Share I. Introduction This case study scans the critical decisions to be made by Arnold Greenberg, Chief Operating Officer (COO) of Snapple. The point of view of the latter was chosen since his role is increasingly important to the company’s ability to execute its strategy. The chief operating officer’s main concern is to come up with strategies that will drive operational excellence and high performance in the operation of the business. His decisions are very critical to the success or failure of the business. He is also responsible for turning such decisions into actions. II. Objective The primary objective of the study is to identify the major problem and articulate a solution that resolves the issues. III. Problem/Issue Analysis Snapple come up with a decision whether to change its strategies to keep on competitive in the ready-to-drink market and how they supposed to do these strategies with all the pressure that goes with it. IV. Alternative Courses of Actions (ACAs) The courses of actions presented in this case are made possible to address the problems and issues, these are as follows: Course of Action No. 1 Expand the company Advantages • The primary benefit of business expansion is the ability to attract, retain, and gain new customers. • Expanding the market of the business will give sense. It will create recognition to the company as well as the product/services they offer in the market • One clear...
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...Managerial Economics Coke vs. Pepsi: An Economic Analysis Rebecca Simmons Managerial Economics Dr Sol Drescher December 4, 2012 Executive Summary In this case study we will do an economic analysis of two major competitors; Coke® and Pepsi®. We will look at the history of these to competitive giants and discuss how they have evolved over the years to become rivals in the 21st Century. In this case study we will also look at the supply and demand of each company’s products. Coke and Pepsi are not only in the beverage business they have branched out into other arenas to continue being the leaders in their market. Both companies do business all over the world; we will also look at how they size up internationally as well as nationally. We will look at production and cost in the short run and long run by analyzing each company economically. Each company has foreta where they will be financially in the 21st Century and in this analysis we will calculate if they have forecasted close to where they are today. Management is a big part of the success of large firms such as Coke and Pepsi so we will look at the management styles of each one. By looking at management will analyze the strategic decision making of each firm and note any issues they have had in the past or present with upper management. Finally strategic decisions in oligopoly markets with regards to profit maximization is vital to the...
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...Pepsi Co With the assumptions given in the case, we estimated the WACC to be 12.23%. The cost of equity represented in the WACC was calculated using the geometric mean return on T-bonds and the long-term government bond rate (4.5%) as the appropriate risk free rate. We chose this over the arithmetic mean return using T-bills under the assumption that the geometric mean is more appropriate to use in estimating the expected return over longer time horizons, especially because as we go towards longer time horizon returns become more serially correlated. The difference in our estimated WACC from the 11% estimated could be attributed to the choice between arithmetic or geometric risk premiums and the short term/long-term risk free rates. (See exhibit 1) Since PepsiCo is comprised of three different business segment, we felt that it was in our best interest to calculate the cost of capital for each of the segments in order to achieve the appropriate WACC. We calculated the new WACCs via pure play method and used comparable companies for references (See Exhibit 2 for divisional segments). In order to use the pure play method, we averaged the betas, debt-equity ratios, and tax rates for all the related companies in each segment. We unlevered the betas and re-levered it to PepsiCo’s specifications. We arrived with the betas of .85, .83, and 1.19 for restaurants, snack foods, and soft drinks respectively. In the end we estimated 12.17%, 13.15%, and 15.74% as our new WACCs for the divisions...
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...5) How can Pepsi and Coke confront the issues of water use in the manufacture of their products? How can they defuse further boycotts or demonstrations against their products? How effective are activist groups like the one that launched the campaign in California? Should Coke address the group directly or just let the furor subside? Pepsi and Coke should have responded faster to the concerns of the general public. The companies formed committees within India and the United States to work on legal and public relations issues. They commissioned their own laboratories to conduct tests and waited until the results came through before commenting in detail. Their approaches backfired. Their reluctance to give details fanned consumer suspicion. If the companies acted faster to the situation when it first came to light, the could have spared a lot of grief. Pepsi and Coke can defuse further boycotts by speaking directly to the cause of the boycott/demonstration or by allowing demonstrators to investigate their product themselves. The activists groups have proven to be very effective in their efforts. Fear campaigns (like the ones assembled in California) can do a great deal of damage to the brand. They are even more effective when the people targeted are not in the country being referred to as in this case (America/India). They are unable to use their own judgement to dismiss the campaign. Moreover, Coke should address the group directly in order to sort out any misunderstandings as...
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...successful, especially Coke and Pepsi. Coke started as a “potion for mental and physical disorders,” sold by a pharmacist named John Pemberton. The Coke business evolved quickly and reached franchises by 1910. The concentrate business and the bottling business, though closely related have very different economic dynamics. The profitability of concentrate producers was much more successful than bottler’s. Even though the profitability of concentrate producers is higher than bottler’s they are still inter-reliant; they share cost in things such as marketing and production. There are many reasons why concentrate was financially successful; using Porter’s five forces we can noticeably see how each force plays an intrical role in profitability. Bottlers and concentrate businesses deal with the same buyers and suppliers. There were many suppliers that could provide raw material to concentrate business owners; therefore suppliers could not ask a premium and their power was low. Bottling businesses, much like suppliers were dependent on concentrate businesses. In reference to the five forces model, concentrate producers supplied bottlers with raw material necessary to make soft drinks. Concentrate businesses took management roles in product development and even negotiated with bottlers. Therefore, it is evident that concentrate business had control in the industry. In addition, there was a high volume of suppliers so that made negotiations impossible. Both Coke and Pepsi made strategic decisions...
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...Chapter 1 Case Study: Harmonix Embrace Your Inner Rock Star Little more than three years ago, you had probably never heard of Harmonix. In 2005, the video game design studio released Guitar Hero, which subsequently became the fastest video game in history to top $1 billion in North American sales. The game concept focuses around a plastic guitar-shaped controller. Players press colored buttons along the guitar neck to match a series of dots that scroll down the TV in time with music from a famous rock tune, such as the Ramones’ “I Wanna Be Sedated” and Deep Purple’s “Smoke on the Water.” Players score points based on their accuracy. In November 2007, Harmonix released Rock Band, adding drums, vocals, and bass guitar options to the game. Rock Band has sold over 3.5 million units with a $169 price tag (most video games retail at $50 to $60). In 2006, Harmonix’s founders sold the company to Viacom for $175 million, maintaining their operational autonomy while providing them greater budgets for product development and licensing music for their games. Harmonix’s success, however, did not come overnight. The company was originally founded by Alex Rigopulos and Eran Egozy in 1995, focused around some demo software they had created in grad school and a company vision of providing a way for people without much musical training or talent to experience the joy of playing and creating music. The founders believed that if people had the opportunity to create their own music, they would jump...
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...Chapter 1 Case Study: Harmonix Embrace Your Inner Rock Star Little more than three years ago, you had probably never heard of Harmonix. In 2005, the video game design studio released Guitar Hero, which subsequently became the fastest video game in history to top $1 billion in North American sales. The game concept focuses around a plastic guitar-shaped controller. Players press colored buttons along the guitar neck to match a series of dots that scroll down the TV in time with music from a famous rock tune, such as the Ramones’ “I Wanna Be Sedated” and Deep Purple’s “Smoke on the Water.” Players score points based on their accuracy. In November 2007, Harmonix released Rock Band, adding drums, vocals, and bass guitar options to the game. Rock Band has sold over 3.5 million units with a $169 price tag (most video games retail at $50 to $60). In 2006, Harmonix’s founders sold the company to Viacom for $175 million, maintaining their operational autonomy while providing them greater budgets for product development and licensing music for their games. Harmonix’s success, however, did not come overnight. The company was originally founded by Alex Rigopulos and Eran Egozy in 1995, focused around some demo software they had created in grad school and a company vision of providing a way for people without much musical training or talent to experience the joy of playing and creating music. The founders believed that if people had the opportunity to create their own music, they would jump...
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...beginning of the 21st century, its CEO/ Chairman, Yang-Ho Cho undertook various transformation initiatives - for instance, improving service quality and safety standards, technology integration, upgrading pilot training, better business focus; putting in place a professional management team, improving corporate image through sponsorship marketing, etc. He gave a new corporate direction in the form of '10,10,10' goal. However, Korean Air is held up by a slew of challenges. Among which are inefficiencies of - Chaebol system of management, possible clash of its cargo business with its own shipping company, limited focus on the domestic market and growing competition from LCCs. How would Korean Air manage growth as a family-owned conglomerate? The case offers enriching scope for analysing a family business’s turnaround strategies, with all the legacy costs involved. Pedagogical Objectives • To discuss the (operational) dynamics of Korean Chaebols - their influence/ effects on the country’s industrial sector and the economy as a whole • To analyse how family-owned businesses manage the transition phase - from a supplier-driven economy to a demanddriven economy • To identify all the possible reasons for Korean Air ’s turbulent times and assessing whether they are controllable or not • To critically evaluate Korean Air ’s transformation efforts - in terms of growth, productivity and cost cuts, especially the efficacy of '10,10,10' goal in a family-run business • To identify various challenges...
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