...African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Vol. 4 (1) - (2015) ISSN: 2223-814X Copyright: © 2014 AJHTL - Open Access- Online @ http//: www.ajhtl.com The perceived contribution of South African arts festivals to the performing arts: standardisation of the measurement scale *Dr SC Pretorius Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Department of History, Politics and Tourism, NorthWest University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa. E-mail: corne.pretorius@nwu.ac.za, Tel: 018 389 2303, Fax: 018 389 2504, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa, 2735. Dr P Viviers North-West University, South Africa. Dr K Botha North-West University, South Africa. * Corresponding Author Abstract The standardisation of a measurement scale to measure an arts festival‟s contribution to the performing arts is described. The measurement scale, namely the questionnaire, is based on literature, where the contributing factors, namely economic, emotional, educational, marketing, quality and growth and development contribution of an arts festival to the performing arts are determined based on the perception of the festival visitor. The scale proved to be a valid measure, as the exploratory factor analysis on the combined data of Innibos and Vryfees (n = 982) supported construct validity and criterion validity. Further validity was proven by a confirmatory factor analysis on the data of KKNK (n = 602). CFA fit indices also indicate that the model has a satisfactory fit with the data...
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...Analysis of Dance Styles ARTS/100 Professor Analysis of Dance Styles For centuries peoples have been dancing as an art form that allows them to physically express themselves without using words. These are times when simple dignity of movement can fulfill the function of a volume of words (Humphrey, 1937). A great deal can be understood when a person watches a person dances. The message that is related is strong and clear. When you understand the types of dance the message is clear. I will attempt to examine the different forms of dance. We will look at the forms of dance like Ballet, Modern World/Ritual, Folk, and jazz. Never the less it helps construct a better understanding of the different forms. Ballet During the 15th century in Italy ballet was known as court dancing. The word “Ballet” comes from the Italian form of Ballare which means dance. The first dance was in France in 1581. The French created the first ballet called “La Ballet Domique de La Reine” This caught on fast which prompted Louise Xiv to start the Royal Academy of Dance in 1661. Ballet caught on quick and spread from country to country when the story line and rhythm is expressed it uses eight basic positions to do this. Swiveling on their toes and balancing is critical to perform these dances. Over the ages these have been two great Ballets that are performed across the country and they are in high demand. They are the “Nutcracker and Swan Lake”. Modern Dance The 20th century...
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...TRANSPORTATION UNIT LESSON PLAN XXXXXX National University In partial fulfillment for the requirements for TED 635 William Pine May 3, 2012 Abstract This unit plan incorporates educational standards from the history/social science, physical education, and visual and performing arts content areas. The lesson surrounds a theme on transportation in which Kindergarten students will learn about the different forms of transportation in the present and in the past. The plan spans over a week and involves the children’s imaginations, physical abilities, community awareness, and requires them to work and share with their peers in order to accomplish a task. It also accesses prior knowledge of names of vehicles which the students have been learning about in the prior week. Although the content areas are distinct from each other many of the lessons are connected as they share the same concept. Student will learn how to express and explain a concept in different ways. Performance, physical fitness, posters, and using new vocabulary are all tools that students will gain from their participation in the week’s lessons. There are other academic areas briefly visited in the plan. Math and Literacy are involved; the ideas provide a great base to creating lesson plans that addresses time and the letters T for traffic and M for map. The plan is a great tool to providing students with depth of the topic. ...
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...Shen Yun Performing Arts Tennessee Performing Arts Center Theatrical Performance Paper: Shen Yun Performing Arts On February 23, 2014 I attended Shen Yun Performing Arts in Nashville, Tn. This one-of-a-kind performance included music with traditional Chinese dance, which provided a unique experience at the theater for me. Its goal was to bring to life 5,000 years of Chinese history using music, dance and song to aid the portrayal of China’s ancient history. This performance was conducted by William Kuo. Shen Yun Performing Arts is one of the most unique types of performances I have seen. There was not any dialogue, it was just dancing and singing along with the music, which portrayed the ancient Chinese stories. There were, however, two narrators that described what the audience was going to see. They exchanged telling stories and introducing the acts in both English and Chinese. While each individual act was performing, there were things to think about, which were prompted by the narrators. The narration is what helped the play be realized by the audience. Without the narration, I’m not sure many people would have known what they were actually watching. In saying that, the purpose of this performance was to inform people of the 5,000 years of ancient Chinese history that is hidden underneath the current communist government. This performance was very educational. Using the methods of expression listed above, it taught me about the ancient history of China...
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...EED 435 Entire Course (UOP) For more course tutorials visit www.tutorialrank.com EED 435 Week 1 Co-Planning Arts Integration Scenario EED 435 Week 1 Arts Standards Scavenger Hunt EED 435 Week 2 Co-Planning Arts Integration Scenario Paper EED 435 Week 2 Visual Art Lesson Plan Template EED 435 Week 2 Visual Arts Integration Strategies Template EED 435 Week 3 Drama Lesson Plan Template EED 435 Week 4 Classroom Observation Reflection Paper EED 435 Week 4 Assignment Dance, Movement, and Music Integration Strategies Template EED 435 Week 5 Arts Personal Philosophy Paper EED 435 Week 5 Multicultural Unit EED 435 Week 5 Arts Integration Strategies Presentation ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EED 435 Week 1 Arts Standards Scavenger Hunt (UOP) For more course tutorials visit www.tutorialrank.com Complete the University of Phoenix Material: Arts Standards Scavenger Hunt located on your student website ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EED 435 Week 2 Co-Planning Arts Integration Scenario Paper (UOP) For more course tutorials visit www.tutorialrank.com Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper based on the scenario you chose from the Co-Planning Arts Integration Scenario in Week One. Include the following in your paper: A description of the development stage and critical thinking skills of the children in the scenario you chose An explanation...
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...The Relationship between Dance and Spirituality. Sashanique Moodie Monroe College Abstract This paper will focus on the relationship that exists between dance and religion. The primary focus of this paper will examine how closely related dance and spirituality are. The paper will provide a detailed analysis of information already written about the subject matter aimed at showing you, the reader, how interconnected or how close the relationship between dance and religion (religious spirituality) are. Both primary and secondary sources were employed in order to successfully complete this paper. The primary source was a textbook, Appreciating Dance, and secondary sources included articles gathered from the databases. At the end of this paper, the reader should gain an understanding of just how close of a relationship dance and religion has. Someone need not be perfect to be a great dancer – feeling a soul is more important than what the body can do.”- Marcia Haydéeo Let them praise His name in the dance: let them sing praises unto Him with timbrel and harp. Topic: The Relationship between Dance and Spirituality Throughout the ages dance has been a part of civilization as far back as the Paleolithic period- the early phase of the Stone Age, lasting about 2.5 million years, when primitive stone implements were used (Oxford Dictionaries, 2013)- when cave painting were found in France and Italy (Lihs, 2009). Dancing also dates back to the Greeks...
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...Bharatnatyam vs. Kathak The Indian culture consists of a number of classical dance forms, each of which have originated from different parts of the country. Dances performed in a temple were called Agama Nartanam while dances performed in a royal court were called Carnatakam (Hindu Online). The term “classical,” shastriya in Sanskrit, was introduced by Sangeet Natak Akademi to denote the Natyashastra-based performing art styles (Hindu Online). The myth of the origin of classical dances states that Natya, the art of dance and theatre, was the creation of God Brahman, the creator of the Universe, who was asked to give mankind a fifth Veda, which unlike the four earlier four Vedas, could be understood by everyone (Dr. Miettinen). God Brahma then taught the art of Natya to the mythic sage Bharata who is said to have recorded the teachings in the Natyashashtra (Dr. Miettinen). The Natyashashtra is said to be the "world's largest and most comprehensive dance manual and still forms the foundation of classical forms of theatre and dance in India" (Dr. Miettinen). The Natyashashtra is also credited for introducing the theories of bhava and rasa which are an important part of Indian classical dances. Rasa, meaning 'essence' "refers to the sentiment that the bhava, manifested by the actor, should evoke in the audience" (Dr. Miettinen). There were originally eight rasas but a ninth one has also been added. These rasas include srngara: the erotic, hasya: the comic, karuna: the pathetic...
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...Art Genre Paper Peaches University of Phoenix March 23, 2009 MMus Abstract Expressionism Genre art evolved from the Dutch Baroque painters in the 17th century. The term “genre” generally refers to the pictorial representations in various media types that represent events of daily living. Such representations can be people, places, activities, parties, a building’s interior or a scenic outdoor setting. These scenes can be realistic, imagined, or even romanticized by the artist. This paper will examine abstract expressionism’s historical development and evolution of style, characteristics of the genre, influential styles or its influence on other styles, the influence of styles on three different visual or performing arts, and any significant contributions to the development and evolution of this style. Historical Development and Evolution of Style Abstract expressionism was developed in the context of diversity and an overlapping of sources and whose major contributors came from the 1930s. During this time “The Great Depression” had begun to yield two different art movements: Regionalism and Social Realism but neither of these appealed to this group of artists. This group was seeking significant content in their work. Having broken away from accepted conventions in both technique and subject matter, these artists used work that was monumentally scaled and reared reflections of their individual psyches. Valuing spontaneity and improvisation their style...
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...I decided that I would wait to open it until drama. It killed me waiting two days, but it was worth it when Ms. Kiera read the letter and we all cheered and cried together. I had gotten in. We celebrated by going to get candy and hanging out at the local a park. I went to London the next weekend to start practicing with the 30 other kids, ages ranging from 8 to 16, who had gotten in; their where two kids my age, Elliot and Charlotte and we quickly became friends and would hang out after practice. We had practice everyday form 4-7, it was a lot of hard work as we prepared for the national competition at the Royal Albert Hall, but it was also amazingly fun. I was one of 5 who got to be in both the dance of “We’re All in This Together” from High School Musical and the short Scene of The Mad-Hatters Tea Party from Alice in Wonderland, as the Hatter. As the show grew closer the studio began to buzz with excitement and nerves. The week before we spent 12 hour a day practicing and even slept on blow up mattresses in the rehearsal space. We became especially close that last week and most of us our still in touch...
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...of our citizens by bringing arts and culture from the margins to the mainstream of the economy and society through culturally sustainable policies and actions that will lead us to the status of the first Artistic & Cultural Island City in the World Table of contents Page Message of Prime Minister…………………………………………………………. 3 Message of Minister of Arts and Culture …………………………………………... 4 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………. 5 Executive summary…………………………………………………………………. 7 Chapter 1: Overview of the Arts and Culture set-up ………………………………. 19 Chapter 2: The Music industry……………………………………………………... 23 Chapter 3: The Arts sector …………………………………………………………. 30 Chapter 4: Publishing, Reading and Writing ………………………………………. 39 Chapter 5: The audio-visual sector ………………………………………………… 43 Chapter 6: Heritage Management and Promotion………………………………….. 47 Chapter 7: Mauritius, an Artistic and Cultural Island City- ACIC………………… 51 Chapter 8: Developing synergies…………………………………………………… 56 Chapter 9: Arts and Culture: the cement of our nation …………………………….. 61 Chapter 10: Conclusion - Arts and Culture make Mauritius a haven ……………...63 Message of the Prime Minister Culture is connecting with development and is poised to become a fundamental component of sustainable development. This White Paper sets the stage for a revival of arts and culture in Mauritius. My...
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...Geisha “Gei” means arts or performances, and “sha” means people of Japanese. When we think of geisha’s what comes to mind are women dressed in bright clothing culture clothing, white painted faces and a dainty walk. What we don’t consider is the lack of emotion, strict code of silence and secrecy. Geisha, just like prostitutes are trained to have a strict code of silence and protectiveness toward their clients. Elderly geisha could be considered Madams, who provided training to new recruits. Over the centuries, elderly geisha have also developed a deeply routed tradition of secrecy. Elderly women behind the mask have fulfilled a destiny rooted in Japanese history. Although associated with prostitution, many modern day women continue to seek this tradition. My research however, revealed contradictory information on whether or not geisha were actually prostitutes. The majority of my research material stated geisha actually started as men jesters and musicians who entertained in brothels. This continued until 1751 when the first document record of female geisha appeared. Most documented material on geisha treated them as images of lovely passive girls whose purpose was solely in male entertainment and pleasure or as prostitutes or courtesans. During the time period of 1751 it was not uncommon for actors to double as prostitutes. It was also not uncommon for Meiji government officials to select geisha for their wives. It is still said that geisha inhabit a separate...
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...HOW ART ENHANCES LEARNING According to Webster’s dictionary, art can be defined as a range of human activities in creating visual, auditory or performing arts which expresses the author’s imaginative or technical skill. This imaginative or technical skill is intended to be appreciated for its beauty or emotional power. Art is an example of a hobby which in its own way enhances learning and in this paper, we will discuss the different types of art which include visual art, fine art, music, dance and theatre. According to Tyler and Likova (2012), visual arts which is the oldest form of art, can be defined as art forms such as ceramics, drawing, painting, sculpture, printmaking, design, crafts, photography, video, filmmaking and architecture. Architecture is often included as one of the visual arts however, like the decorative arts, it involves the creation of objects where the practical considerations of use are essential in a way that they usually are not in painting. Visual art learning is reliant on a complex system of perceptual, higher cognitive, and motor functions, thus suggesting a shared neural substrate and strong potential for cross-cognitive transfer in learning and creativity (Tyler and Likova, 2012). The ability to tolerate ambiguity and uncertainty during the creative process is an important mental trait. The tolerance for ambiguity is also an important attribute in the...
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...moved to Seattle and took a job accompanying a dance company. During the late '30s, Cage also began experimenting with musique concrète, composing the landmark Imaginary Landscape No. 1, which employed variable-speed phonographs and frequency tone recordings alongside muted piano and a large Chinese cymbal (Steinem 1964). He also invented the "prepared piano," in which he placed a variety of household objects between the strings of a grand piano to create sounds suggesting a one-man percussion orchestra. It was at this time that Cage fell under the sway of Eastern philosophies, the influence of Zen Buddhism informing the random compositional techniques of his later work; obsessed with removing forethought and choice from the creative model, he set out to make music in line with the principles of the I Ching, predictable only by its very unpredictability. TYPE OF MUSIC COMPOSED Cage organized an orchestra in Seattle in 1938. In 1940 he moved to San Francisco, where he and Lou Harrison gave concerts of performance based music, and in 1941 he went to Chicago to give a course on music at the Chicago Institute of Design. He accompanied this with dance classes of Katherine Manning and organized several expression concerts. In the spring of 1943, he went to New York, and this remained as his home base. A program of percussion music under his direction was presented by the League of Composers at the Modern Art concert on 7 February 1943 (Hacks 1954). At this...
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...Taiesha Abrams Dance 132S Instructor: Purnima Shah Analysis of Twyla Tharp’s Eight Jelly Rolls Twyla Tharp has influenced the field of American postmodern dance for over four decades. Her work and philosophy has had a continuing impact on the growth and development of dance by consistently delivering a unique approach, independent of the traditional techniques of modern and the antitechnical works of the avant-garde. She used the strong technique gained by ballet training to bring forth broken pirouettes and contorted bodies. She used rhythmic music to create movement that disagreed with the natural flow of the music. This paper surveys the creative process behind Twyla Tharp’s piece Eight Jelly Rolls. It explores some of the activities used to mentally and physically prepare Tharp dancers for her work. Most importantly, it aims to not only bring light to the significance and importance of the process, but to identify how the authenticity of a choreographer’s piece can be lost if the creative development of the piece is somehow altered or entirely disregarded. As her first piece choreographed and married to music, Eight Jelly Rolls is a masterpiece, full of energy, laughter, and excitement. This paper will bring some light on how these elements were brought to the stage. A Brief Introduction To understand Tharp’s work, you must first understand her dance and musical background paired with her choreographic experience prior to the conception of Eight Jelly...
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...form dominates everything he imagines and composes; it is the very mark of his creation and the form of his thought – an inherent form, a natural one. (Edwin Fischer, Beethoven’s Piano Sonatas). Beethoven’s thirty-two piano sonatas constitute a great treasure that embodies a part of the human eternity. Numerous pianists and musicologists have researched or studied them, trying to impart to their students or readers the prodigality of these true musical riches. Beethoven holds a key role in the transformation and evolution of the sonata form. Even if he maintains the characteristics initially set by his predecessors, Haydn and Mozart, Beethoven imposes on the sonata his strong personality creating a new, impressive, form of art, in which his own life, with its joys and sorrows, is projected. With Beethoven the musical theme acquires remarkable proportions, of such strength, that it imposes itself over the listener’s attention and memory. As the French composer, Vincent d’ Indy once said, with Beethoven, the musical theme turns into an concept that spreads throughout the hole work making it easily recognizable even if harmonic, modal or tonal aspects change. The fundamental principle of organization of the Beethoven piano sonata is the tonality. We can say that Beethoven perceived tonality as the key to any composition, since it leads to the true understanding of the musical form. In what the structural architectonic of the Beethoven piano sonatas...
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