...professional and personal values. Though social workers’ professional values may be partly compatible with societal values, nonetheless there are some differences in emphasis, priorities and or understanding (Osmo and Landau, 2006). As a social worker making decisions about what to do in cases that feature ethical problems as well as dilemmas integrates our ethical judgements or evaluation of what is right...
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...Ethics and ethical theories: a road map for teaching ethics in business schools Joan Fontrodona (IESE Business School, Spain), Manuel Guillén (University of Valencia, Spain), and Alfredo Rodríguez-Sedano (University of Navarre, Spain) Introduction A three-dimensional framework to explain ethical theories Ethical approaches of business firms Teaching ethics experiences using this framework Discussion of the teaching experiences Conclusions References 1 2 6 9 10 12 13 Introduction This paper tries to contribute, in some way, to the urgent need recently warned by Benedict XVI: “the university, for its part, must never lose sight of its particular calling to be a "universitas" in which the various disciplines, each in its own way, are seen as part of a greater unum. How urgent is the need to rediscover the unity of knowledge and to counter the tendency to fragmentation and lack of communicability that is all too often the case in our schools!”1 This seems to be a challenge for both, Catholic and non-Catholic universities. The purpose of this paper is to present a theoretical framework that helps to conceptualize ethics and to clarify the characteristics and limits of the different ethical theories. In other words, students without philosophical background will find here a synthetic “road map” of ethical approaches. This framework has been previously published in a book in Spain2. In this paper, authors will describe the model and discuss how it has been successfully tested...
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...analysis will be achieved by defining deontological ethics and Immanuel Kant’s Categorical Imperative. A review of the Adelphia Communications Scandal will be conducted with a general assessment of what ethical issues were present based on deontological ethics and Immanuel Kant’s Categorical Imperative. The Adelphia Communications Scandal The Adelphia Communications Corporation was the sixth largest provider of cable services in the United States prior to filing bankruptcy in 2002 due to a major accounting scandal. Adelphia’s management intentionally misled investors by falsifying financial statements to give the appearance the organization was financially solid and performing well above normal, by excluding billions of dollars of debt from financial statements. The auditors fail to find any fraudulent action in the financial statements. John Rigas was the original founder of the corporation and later joined with his brother and sons. The Adelphia Communications Corporation (investors) provided over $2.3 billion worth of personal loans to the Rigas family. The Rigas family received assets via fund transfers from the Adelphia Communications Corporation through journal entries to purchase extravagant homes, land for an exclusive golf course and personal purchases. After the firm declared bankruptcy in 2002, John Rigas and his son Timothy Rigas were charged with conspiracy, bank fraud, and securities fraud. John received a fifteen year sentence and Timothy...
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...Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice Adetutu S. Toyin-oke Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice Under what circumstances is one allowed to break patient-nurse confidentiality? As a nurse one may think of a few personal situations where they had to break that confidentiality. Ethical framework such as the nightingale pledge and ethical principles stated in nursing textbooks were meant to provide guidelines on how to most appropriately treat people in the healthcare field; however, when ethical framework is applied to nursing practice, a nurse may run into many implications. Ethical implications What are the implications of a breach of confidentiality? Well, the most obvious consequence is that the patient will not be able to trust her nurse or maybe even all nurses in general. In Pamela G. Nathanson’s article, Betraying Trust or Providing Good Care? When is it okay to break confidentiality?, She depicts a story of a nurse who is in an ethical dilemma. This nurse promised two teenage patients “who [were] reluctant to enter into care that no matter what they tell her, she will not divulge any information to the patient's parents or to anyone else (Nathanson, 2000).” However one of these two patients tested positive for HPV. A physician advices this nurse “that not only should she inform Andrea's parents of her diagnosis, but that she should also inform the girls' school since it has become a ‘public health issue’ (Nathanson, 2000).” According to Nathanson, “If confidentiality...
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...Running Head: EITHICAL FRAMEWORK Ethical Framework Grand Canyon University: NRS437V June 14, 2010 Ethical Framework As a professional health care worker, the implication confidentiality breach regarding ethical dilemmas are significant to nurse and patient. The information disclosed can cause problems on a personal and professional level. Breach of confidentiality occurs when the heath care work discloses the patient's medical or personal information without the patient's informed written or verbal consent. Confidentiality is needed between the nurse and the patient to maintain a good open and honest relationship between both parties. There are several ethical implications regarding breach of confidentiality, for example, patient trust, nurse responsibility, and disclosure of important information regarding treatment; however, there are certain situations when disclosing information is legally and ethically required. The ethical implication of confidentiality breach are not only legal but ethically important and the responsibility of a nurse or any other health care work. The nurse must keep "her word" of honesty to help gain the patient's trust. The nurse is then able to gain the vital information that may help to appropriately care for the patient and preserve continuity of care. In the article by Pamela G. Nathanson entitled "Betraying Trust of Providing Good Care? When is it Okay to Break Confidentiality," nurse Hathaway actions where appropriate in informing...
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...Utilization of Professional Ethical Lens Inventory INTRODUCTION “Knowing’ ethical theories, principles, values, and morals, and ‘understanding’ how to apply them must go hand in hand” (Pozgar, 2013, p. 173). We have been asked to view many different ethical dilemmas and decide which course of action would best fit the given situation. There is no right or wrong choice. Each ethical decision is based upon the make up of one’s morality. “It is a guide to behavior that all rational persons would put forward for governing the behavior of all moral agents” (Pozgar, 2013, p. 57). To better understand our individual morality, we were asked to complete a series of 36 questions that would determine our own ethical viewpoint and how we utilize it to come to a conclusion. According to Baird, there are four ethical frameworks that are utilized upon attempting to solve an ethical dilemma. These frameworks are based upon four core values: rationality, sensibility, autonomy, and equality. Each framework is compromised of two of these four values. (Baird, 2005) There were two different scenarios that were completed individually in which we had to make an ethical decision based upon our own ethical lens. We then came together as a group to make the same decision again, but this time the decision needed to be made unanimously. Many frameworks were represented as we worked through each scenario and choice to come to a clear consensus. These frameworks are analytic tools for understanding...
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...IDEA : 1 Ethical DecisionMaking Framework Guide & Worksheets 1 The IDEA: Ethical Decision-Making Framework builds upon the Toronto Central Community Care Access Centre Community Ethics Toolkit (2008), which was based on the work of Jonsen, Seigler, & Winslade (2002); the work of the Core Curriculum Working Group at the University of Toronto Joint Centre for Bioethics; and incorporates aspects of the accountability for reasonableness framework developed by Daniels and Sabin (2002) and adapted by Gibson, Martin, & Singer (2005). Introduction Ethics is about making “right” or “good” choices and the reasons that we give for our choices and actions. Ethics promotes reflective practice in the delivery of health care. Ethics addresses the question “What should we do and why?” Another way to describe ethics is as follows. It is about: • Deciding what we should do – what decisions are morally right or acceptable; • Explaining why we should do it – justifying our decision using language of values and principles; and • Describing how we should do it – outlining an appropriate process for enacting the decision. 2 Ethical issues arise every day in health care (See Appendix A). Everyone has a role to play in ensuring the ethical delivery of care, from bedside to boardroom. Trillium Health Centre is committed to providing quality compassionate care to the community it serves. Ethical principles and values are incorporated into the way that decisions are made and care is delivered...
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...others. It is important when addressing marketing ethics to recognize that it should be examined from an individual, organizational, and societal perspective. Examining marketing ethics from a narrow issue perspective does not provide foundational background that provides a complete understanding of the domain of marketing ethics. The purpose of this chapter is to define, examine the nature and scope, identify issues, provide a decision-making framework, and trace the historical development of marketing ethics from a practice and academic perspective. DEFINITION OF MARKETING ETHICS Ethics has been termed the study and philosophy of human conduct, with an emphasis on the determination of right and wrong. For marketers, ethics in the workplace refers to rules (standards, principles) governing the conduct of organizational members and the consequences of marketing decisions (Ferrell, 2005). Therefore, ethical marketing from a normative perspective approach is defined as “practices that emphasize transparent, trustworthy, and responsible personal and organizational marketing policies and actions that exhibit...
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...others. It is important when addressing marketing ethics to recognize that it should be examined from an individual, organizational, and societal perspective. Examining marketing ethics from a narrow issue perspective does not provide foundational background that provides a complete understanding of the domain of marketing ethics. The purpose of this chapter is to define, examine the nature and scope, identify issues, provide a decision-making framework, and trace the historical development of marketing ethics from a practice and academic perspective. DEFINITION OF MARKETING ETHICS Ethics has been termed the study and philosophy of human conduct, with an emphasis on the determination of right and wrong. For marketers, ethics in the workplace refers to rules (standards, principles) governing the conduct of organizational members and the consequences of marketing decisions (Ferrell, 2005). Therefore, ethical marketing from a normative perspective approach is defined as “practices that emphasize transparent, trustworthy, and responsible personal and organizational marketing policies and actions that exhibit...
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...Counselling in Health and Social Care – role, application and boundaries. Ethics and legal factors Everyone who works within the health and social care sector has to abide by the ethical guidelines. "Ethics can be defined as a set of moral principles or rules of conduct" (O'Farrell, 1999). The ethics framework states the guidelines that are expected of each counsellor and professional and it consists of three elements; Values, principles and also personal moral qualities. "Professional ethics may be viewed as the rightful domain of moral philosophy which is concerned with establishing principles for articulating what is 'good' and what is 'bad'." (Nelson-Jones, 2002) Six major ethical principles of the BACP are; self-respect, individual autonomy, beneficence (benefiting the client), non-maleficence (not harming the client), justice (fair distribution of services within the society) and fidelity (honouring promises and underpinning trust). These can be viewed for underpinning the practice of counsellors and superior practitioners. Ethical principles are well suited to examining the justification for particular decisions and actions. However, reliance on principles alone may detract from the importance of the practitioner's personal qualities and their ethical significance in the counselling or therapeutic relationship (BACP, 2013). Values inform principles and they are important to the counsellor to expressing their commitment to ethics. The values of counsellors include;...
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...Running head: ETHICAL FRAMEWORKS IN PRACTICE Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice Grand Canyon University May 9, 2012 Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice Patient confidentiality is part of the Nursing Code of Ethics and it is a nurses’ duty to uphold confidentiality of patient information (American Nurses Association, 2012). However, there are certain situations in which a confidentiality breach is acceptable, such as when a patient voices harm to themselves or others and certain sexually transmitted diseases STDs). The following is a breakdown of the ethical implications of a breach of confidentiality, the ethical theory, the alternatives to breaching confidentiality using the framework of ethical decision making and the role of the ethics committees. Ethical Implications of a Breach of Confidentiality A confidentiality breach is when patient information is disclosed to a party that is not a direct part of the patients’ healthcare team without obtaining the appropriate patient consent (American Medical Association, 2012). It is important for the nurse to maintain confidentiality to gain the patients trust, except in situations that are required by law to be reported. When confidentiality is breached many ethical implications arise. Some of these implications are losing a patients’ trust and disclosing information to parties that is not required by law, which could cause harm to the patient. In the article “Bioethics on NBC’s ER:...
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...discussion is to analyze the decision making process of the Adelphia Communication’s executive board, namely John Rigas, and how his decisions not only violated the basic trust of their shareholders but violated the ethical framework of what should have been a successful, solid, honest family business. Ethics is loosely defined as rules of behavior based on ideas about what is morally good and bad (Webster’s on line dictionary). As morality and Ethics are defined as one in the same for the purposes of commonality, the professional liberties taken by Rigas violated what any professional and/or layperson would consider good business practices. The examination of the ethical breaches made by the executive board, namely having motives that were self-serving and actions that contradicted acting dutiful to the wellbeing of the company which was composed of various family members. This not only paved the way for ongoing bad decisions, but ultimately corrupted the fabric of the company so much that when the corruption was finally discovered the company was destroyed in more ways than just financial. The company had lost all public trust from which they could not recover. From the perspective of the deontological framework, the exclusion of the basic principles of proper ethical behavior proved that attempting to create a structured entity without these basic principles may have be personally beneficial in the short term but the reality of unethical business practices did not survive public...
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...others. It is important when addressing marketing ethics to recognize that it should be examined from an individual, organizational, and societal perspective. Examining marketing ethics from a narrow issue perspective does not provide foundational background that provides a complete understanding of the domain of marketing ethics. The purpose of this chapter is to define, examine the nature and scope, identify issues, provide a decision-making framework, and trace the historical development of marketing ethics from a practice and academic perspective. DEFINITION OF MARKETING ETHICS Ethics has been termed the study and philosophy of human conduct, with an emphasis on the determination of right and wrong. For marketers, ethics in the workplace refers to rules (standards, principles) governing the conduct of organizational members and the consequences of marketing decisions (Ferrell, 2005). Therefore, ethical marketing from a normative perspective approach is defined as “practices that emphasize transparent, trustworthy, and responsible personal and organizational marketing policies and actions that exhibit...
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...| | | Assessment Two: Professional practice in counselling. Counselling is defined as several talking therapies delivered by counsellors to bring about an effective change or enhance their well-being (BACP, 2010). People who are in need of counselling are those who are experiencing difficulties while dealing with problems and those who are distressed psychologically, physically and/or spiritually. However, not all of these people who undergo these problems actually approach counsellors. These people are usually left in a state of indecision. Counselling offers a way to tackle this; through means of supportive and empathic relationship between the client and the counsellor to provide a framework for emotions to be delved into, as well as behaviours and thinking patterns. This would improve the client’s condition through the facilitation of benign changes. However counselling does not solve the client’s problem, counsellors merely serve as guides, assisting the client through their problems. Counselling can stretch over any period of time. Counselling typically uses a theory-based approach, usually with the psychoanalytic, person-centred, cognitive behavioural and psychodynamic theories being utilised. Depending on the theory or theories used, the counselling could either be directive or non-directive. Directive counselling refers to the counsellor advising and helping the client to realise his goals, while the non-directive approach, predictably does the opposite. ...
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...CONFIDENTIALITY Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice Chandra H. Dillow Grand Canyon University: NRS-437V March 18, 2012 Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice In the profession of nursing, there are many ethical principles which one must maintain as the basis for their nursing care. One of these principles is confidentiality, which requires nurses to preserve the privacy of one’s patients and ensure their autonomy. Maintaining confidentiality is essential in the nurse-patient relationship as it shows respect for the patients. Since the time the Nightingale Pledge was written, confidentiality has been one of the main standards to uphold as a nurse. The following will discuss ethical theories and the application of them when faced with dilemmas in the work setting. Breach of Confidentiality Nurses and physicians alike are accountable for maintaining a patient’s confidentiality. Having a breach of confidentiality has the possibility of causing undue harm or the patient being averse to seeking medical care. Undue harm can be described as “embarrassment, ridicule, discrimination, deprivation of rights, physical or emotional harm and loss of roles or relationships” (Burkhardt & Nathaniel, 2008). One’s personal values and principles establish the foundation for ethical knowledge and decision making. There are instances, however, when breaching confidentiality is necessary to prevent harm to the patient or community. Ethical Principles Ethical principles encompass...
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