...Society has now entered a new postmodern age and we need new theories to understand it, assess this view (33 marks) Most meta-narrative theories such as Functionalism and Marxism can be described as 'modernist' theories in that they explain the workings of 'modern society'. Modern society first emerged in Western Europe from about the late 18th century following the industrial revolution and the mass industrialisation of the western world. Modern can be distinguished from previous traditional societies in a number of ways. Firstly, the nation-state is the key political unit in modern society, we tend to think of the modern world as made up of a series of separate societies, each with its own state. In contrast to the small traditional feudal society where one had to look after themselves, modern nation states have created large administrative bureaucracies and educational, welfare and legal institutions to regulate their citizens lives. The nation state is also an important source of identity for citizens, who identify with its symbols such as the flag. Modern societies run off a capitalist economy. Capitalism brought about the industrialisation of modern society and with it the massive wealth modern nation-states now possess. However the wealth distribution within modern societies is unequal, resulting in class conflict according to the Marxist theology. The nation-state is important in regulating capitalism resulting in something Lash and Urry call 'organised...
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...Local Economy http://lec.sagepub.com/ The euro crisis Andrew Jones Local Economy 2011 26: 594 DOI: 10.1177/0269094211421748 The online version of this article can be found at: http://lec.sagepub.com/content/26/6-7/594 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com On behalf of: London South Bank University Local Economy Policy Unit Partner Organisation: Centre for Local Economic Strategies Additional services and information for Local Economy can be found at: Email Alerts: http://lec.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://lec.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations: http://lec.sagepub.com/content/26/6-7/594.refs.html >> Version of Record - Nov 17, 2011 What is This? Downloaded from lec.sagepub.com at UNIV OF GUELPH on November 17, 2013 Review article The euro crisis Andrew Jones Local Economy Policy Unit, London South Bank University, UK Local Economy 26(6–7) 594–618 ! The Author(s) 2011 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/0269094211421748 lec.sagepub.com ´ ˜ Marco Buti, Servaas Deroose, Vıtor Gaspar and Joao Nogueira Martins (eds), The Euro: The First Decade, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2010; 1048pp: ISBN 978-9279098420, £95 (hbk); Roy H. Ginsberg, Demystifying The European Union: The Enduring Logic of Regional Integration (2nd edn), Rowman & Littlefield: Lanham, MD, 2010;...
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...analysis of company information; analyst reporting processes; and market impacts. The common information concerns ‘soft’ or qualitative information about the company intellectual capital (IC) or intangibles in the company business model. Banks and bank analysts are used as examples. Knowledge, social and economic factors in the wider ‘market for information’ (MFI) are shown to be major influences on ‘soft information’ and how it changes in analyst information intermediation processes. Negative knowledge and social factors play a role in weakening and eventually destabilising economic processes in analyst and the MFI. They were important factors in creating knowledge and information problems in analysts and the MFI, both ongoing, and during the crisis of 2007-09. These factors are also part of a solution to the problems. The solutions include improved, transparent knowledge of business models of companies, analysts, and rest of MFI. They also include active use of social forces to create critical and reflexive performativity conditions in the MFI. The empirical analysis is discussed in a novel theoretical...
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...|1a. Module Title: |1b. Module Code: | |Crisis, Change and Creativity in Contemporary Business |BP1BS313 | |2a. Module Scheme: |2b. Name of Programme(s): | |Undergraduate |BSc(Hons) in Business and Management | |3a. Module Leader: |3b. Location: | |Ioannis Doukas (Ph.D Candidate) |Business School | |4a. Module Status: |4b. Module Credit Rating: |4c. Module Type: | |Dedicated |20 |Core Module (Compulsory Module) | |5. Programme Stage in which module is offered: | |Year 3, Semester A | |6. Total learning hours: ...
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...The Evolution of FinTech: A New Post-Crisis Paradigm? Douglas W. Arner* Jànos Barberis** Ross P. Buckley*** Abstract: “Financial technology” or “FinTech” refers to technology enabled financial solutions. FinTech is often seen today as the new marriage of financial services and information technology. However, the interlinkage of finance and technology has a long history and has evolved over three distinct eras. FinTech 1.0, from 1866 to 1987, was the first period of financial globalization supported by technological infrastructure such as transatlantic transmission cables. This was followed by FinTech 2.0, from 1987-2008, during which financial services firms increasingly digitized their processes. Since 2008 a new era of FinTech has emerged in both the developed and developing world. This era is defined not by the financial products or services delivered but by who delivers them. This latest evolution of FinTech, led by start-ups, poses challenges for regulators and market participants alike, particularly in balancing the potential benefits of innovation with the possible risks of new approaches. * Professor, Co-Director, Duke-HKU Asia America Institute in Transnational Law, and Member, Board of Management, Asian Institute of International Financial Law, Faculty of Law, University of Hong Kong. ** Senior Research Fellow, Asian Institute of International Financial Law, Faculty of Law, University of Hong Kong; and Founder, FinTech HK. *** CIFR King...
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...Critical Social Policy http://csp.sagepub.com/ Capitalist globalization, corporate social responsibility and social policy Leslie Sklair and David Miller Critical Social Policy 2010 30: 472 DOI: 10.1177/0261018310376804 The online version of this article can be found at: http://csp.sagepub.com/content/30/4/472 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com Additional services and information for Critical Social Policy can be found at: Email Alerts: http://csp.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://csp.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations: http://csp.sagepub.com/content/30/4/472.refs.html >> Version of Record - Nov 1, 2010 What is This? Downloaded from csp.sagepub.com by guest on May 2, 2012 E S L I E S K L A I R L London School of Economics D A V I D M I L L E R University of Strathclyde Capitalist globalization, corporate social responsibility and social policy Abstract This article outlines how the twin crises of capitalist globalization – of class polarization and ecological unsustainability – combine to produce the need for Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to attempt to bridge the gap between the rhetoric and reality of corporate conduct. The first section outlines how CSR relates to capitalist globalization and how it is integrated into the activities of the Transnational Capitalist Class (TCC). The role of CSR in...
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...than tripled according to a common measure of performance used by macroeconomists: The standard deviation of the percentage gap between real GDP and potential GDP rose from 1½ percent during 1984-2006 to 5½ percent during 2007-2012 (Taylor, 2013). In this paper I consider the role of economic policy in this poor economic performance. I. The Shift in Policy In evaluating the role of policy it is important to consider actions taken before, during, and after the financial panic in the fall of 2008. A careful look at the full decade from 5 years before to 5 years after the panic reveals that there was a significant shift in policy away from what worked reasonably well in the decades before. Broadly speaking, monetary policy, regulatory policy, and fiscal policy each became more discretionary, more interventionist, and less predictable in the years leading up to the crisis, and for this reason policy should at least be on the list of possible causes of the crisis and severity of the recession. Ironically, the legacy of the crisis and the recession has been to continue and even double down on such policies by * Stanford University....
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...LEADERSHIP IN THE WORKPLACE Presented to: Cindy Murphy Management 1115 – Leadership By: Bermina Benson October 12th, 2011 Leadership in the workplace 1) Introduction 2) Leadership a) What is Leadership b) Leadership versus Management defined c) The importance of Leadership in today’s workplace discussed d) Leadership trends and priorities 3) Compare and contrast leadership styles a) Pros and Cons of leadership styles 4) Conclusion Introduction This paper is an attempt to briefly explore the concept of leadership and how it differs from management. Sometimes leadership and management may seem similar; they may be used interchangeably, and may even occupy the same social space in institutions and organizations; the two concepts are different in a fundamental way. Those differences will be discussed. Businesses succeed and fail on the strengths of their business models. These models are conceived and guided by leaders. Why then do some businesses fail when their business models are best conceived? Can it be traced to the changing trends in leadership or the leadership style one adopts? These questions will be discussed as well. What is Leadership? Leadership is a skill that embodies vision, inspiration, and human passion, according to Harvard professor Abraham Zaleznik. It is a critical management skill which arises out of desires – the passion and vision of the...
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...CASE STUDIES Amy’s Kitchen Case Study From start-up to leading natural and organic frozen food brand Reference Code: CSCM0256 Publication Date: August 2009 DATAMONITOR VIEW CATALYST Amy’s Kitchen was established by Andy and Rachel Berliner in 1987, and concentrates on the production of natural and organic meals. The company has dramatically expanded its product range in the 22 years since its founding from its one initial vegetable pot pie and in the fiscal year 2008, recorded revenues of 240million USD. The global economic crisis has been problematic for Amy’s Kitchen, as consumers seeking to make savings to their household budgets have reduced their spending on organic and natural food. However, core customers remain and many will continue to both regularly purchase the brand and be unpaid ambassadors for it, which has been part of its marketing success since its inception. SUMMARY • The Amy’s Kitchen company began as a business in 1987 in California and is named after Amy Berliner, the daughter of the two founders Andy and Rachel Berliner. The company has grown into the leading natural frozen food brand in the US, benefiting from the rise of the organic foods market. • The two founders had previous experience of working in the food industry with the Magic Mountain Herbal Tea Company and in the case of Rachel Berliner’s family from organic farming. This placed them in good stead for the creation of their organics company. • The company is resolutely in favor of...
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...AFTER THE BAILOUT: REGULATING SYSTEMIC MORAL HAZARD* Karl S. Okamoto ** How do we prevent excessive risk taking in the financial markets? This Essay offers a strategy for regulating financial markets to better prevent the kind of disaster we saw during the Financial Crisis of 2008. By developing a model of risk-manager decisionmaking, this Essay illustrates how even “good people” acting in utterly rational and expected ways brought us into economic turmoil. The assertion of this Essay is that the root cause of the Financial Crisis was systemic moral hazard. Systemic moral hazard poses a unique challenge in crafting a regulatory response. The challenge lies in that the best response to systemic moral hazard is “predictive prevention.” It is inherently difficult to reward individuals for producing predictive prevention. Unsurprisingly, markets fail to produce it at optimal levels and thus cannot prevent systemic moral hazard and the kind of crises that ensue. The difficulty in valuing predictive prevention is seen when we model how risk managers make decisions regarding the prevention of excessive risk. The model reveals how the balance can be tipped in favor of risk taking that leads to systemic failure and broad social harm. The model also reveals how regulation might work to reset the balance to one that is superior for society. We can achieve optimal risktaking decisionmaking in two ways: (1) by requiring all asset managers in the market to put their own money at risk in...
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...typically drawn upon to emphasize the more intangible dimensions of power in a field long dominated by overtly material (i.e. military) power. Recently, some scholars have reframed soft power — specifically the key notion of attraction — as a narrative and linguistic process. This literature, however, has downplayed some of the other deep-seated underpinnings of soft power, which this article argues lie in the dynamics of affect. Building upon the International Relations affect and aesthetics literatures, this article develops the concept of soft power as rooted in the political dynamics of emotion and introduces the concept of affective investment. The attraction of soft power stems not only from its cultural influence or narrative construction, but more fundamentally from audiences’ affective investments in the images of identity that it produces. The empirical import of these ideas is offered in an analysis of the construction of American attraction in the war on terror. Keywords Affect, discourse, emotion, narrative, Nye, soft power Introduction In her confirmation hearings in January 2009 before the US Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton argued that to deal with a multiplicity of pressing global issues, the US ‘must...
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...Global Macro Research Top of Mind November 13, 2014 Issue 29 Is Europe the Next Japan? From the editor: A slowdown in Euro area growth momentum from an already anemic pace, combined with ongoing concerns about deflation risks, has made comparisons with Japan’s so-called “lost decades” Top of Mind. We ask three experts whether the Euro area is set to repeat Japan’s prolonged period of stagnation and deflation: former BOJ Governor Masaaki Shirakawa (unclear, but Euro area recovery requires addressing the underlying problem of economic integration and not its symptom, deflation), GS Chief European Economist Huw Pill (low growth and even some deflation similar to Japan, in terms of outcome if not in terms of causes, are likely in the short term, but – also akin to Japan – a deflationary spiral is not), and LSE Professor Paul De Grauwe (there is a real risk of this outcome or worse unless policies change). We conclude that Euro area economies and assets could escape Japan’s fate but warn that Euro area stagnation would have a greater impact on the global economy than did Japan’s. Inside Interview with Masaaki Shirakawa Former Governor of the Bank of Japan 4 Headed for Japanese-style deflation? Silvia Ardagna, GS Rates Strategy 6 Interview with Huw Pill GS Chief European Economist 8 Euro area stagnation and its discontents Jose Ursua, GS Global Economics Research 10 Interview with Paul De Grauwe Professor, London School of Economics ...
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...articles were identified that are written by authors who focused on four main topics. These topics are the definition of ethical leadership, the personal integrity and morality of a leader, how a leader ethically influences followers, and current challenges facing ethical leaders. These four topics are explored in further detail within the literature review. Overall, it is found that ethical leadership is complex and a relatively newer field of study. Yet, common themes include the need for establishing trust and gaining ethical knowledge by way of study and application. Also, major organizational failures, such as Enron, have ignited an interest within the field. Possible further research is recommended at the end of this review. T his article examines the literature regarding the topic of ethical leadership within organizations. The literature review was conducted by utilizing databases such as scholar.google.com, the Library of Congress database, Academic Search Complete, EBSCOhost Discovery, and OmniFile Full-Text Mega. Additional resources were secured at Barnes and Nobles bookstore. A list of keywords used during the search is ethical leadership, ethics, morality, virtues, values, morals, and management. Thirty-eight articles were ultimately selected due to their focus on four main topics: a) defining ethical leadership, b) the personal integrity of the leader, c) influencing followers in ethics, and d) current challenges and solutions. The structure of the literature review...
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...The Role of Corporate Law in Preventing a Financial Crisis: Reflections on In re Citigroup Inc. Shareholder Derivative Litigation Franklin A. Gevurtz* TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. II. CITIGROUP AS A CASE STUDY IN EXCESSIVE RISK-TAKING .............................. III. TOOLS FOR CURBING EXCESSIVE RISK-TAKING AND THE ROLE OF CORPORATE LAW ............................................................................................... A. The Tools for Curbing Excessive Risk-taking ............................................. 1. Regulation of Business Activities .......................................................... 2. Capital Requirements ........................................................................... 3. Compensation Rules ............................................................................. 4. Liability for Unreasonable Risks .......................................................... 5. Selection of Management (Rules of Corporate Governance) ............... B. Dividing the Tools Between Banking and Corporate Law .......................... IV. WHY IT MATTERS: CITIGROUP AS AN ILLUSTRATION OF THE LIMITATIONS OF STATE CORPORATE LAW ........................................................ A. Citigroup As a Case Study In Weak Corporate Law................................... 1. Overview ..................................................
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...The Analysis of Business Decision for the Development Basic of Community Entrepreneurial Training Model at Tenun Ikat Craft Center Bandar Kidul Kediri Hariyono Doctorate Student of Economic Education Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia Jl.KH Wakhid Hashim Gg Va No. 17 Kediri. Email: hariyono.org@gmail.com Abstract: Small and micro business becomes one of important parts of the economy of a country. Thus, in order to face the globalization challenges and the economic crisis, it is necessary to study the role of small and medium scale enterprises in supporting the economy sector. One of small industries that plays a role in economic growth and able to survive the turmoil of the crisis is "Tenun Ikat Bandar Center", at Bandar Kidul village, District of Mojoroto Kediri. The goal is to analyze the results of a preliminary study on people's behavior in taking business decisions as a development basis model of the society entrepreneurial training. The approach used is a direct survey on the artisans, weavers and surrounded community, using in-depth interviews instrument on the community’s behavior in conducting their business, internal and external aspects which affect Bandar craftsmen to survive, and make business decisions. Based on the results from preliminary survey, it gained about Tenun Ikat craftsmen and workers’ motivation, self-employed business decisions and internal and external aspects. There should be an effort to raise SME artisans Tenun Ikat Bandar as potential...
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