...HIV Disclosure to Sexual Partners an Ethics Study Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a prominent disease in the United States today. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately fifty thousand Americans will be newly diagnosed with HIV this year alone (Basic Statistics, 2014). Although HIV can be transmitted in several ways the most common ways are via sexual transmission or intravenous drug use. Therefore there has always been a stigma attached to HIV – even for those who are in the health profession. A nurse who has been in this vocation for twenty years will probably be able to tell you of a nurse who refused to take care of an HIV patient. Nursing has come a long way since the 1980s, when HIV became known. However, there are still issues that a nurse may face today. One of these issues is when a newly diagnosed HIV patient has a significant other. Should a nurse, knowing the potential devastating consequences of HIV, tell a patient’s sexual partner about their HIV status? This paper will discuss, the legal, moral and ethical ramifications of HIV disclosure. It will weigh the pros and cons of a nurse revealing this information, and it will provide recommendations for nurses who encounter this issue during their practice. It is understandable that a nurse may feel perplexed about this ethical dilemma. Once someone is diagnosed with HIV, they will have the disease for the rest of their lives. Currently there is not a cure. Although...
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...Texas Administrative Code Title 25. Health Services Part 1. Department of State Health Services Chapter 91. Cancer Subchapter A. Cancer Registry Effective Date: August 14, 2011 §91.1. Purpose. This subchapter implements the Texas Cancer Incidence Reporting Act, Health and Safety Code, Chapter 82. This legislation concerns the reporting of cases of cancer for the recognition, prevention, cure or control of those diseases, and to facilitate participation in the national program of cancer registries established by 42 United States Code, §§280e - 280e-4. Nothing in this subchapter shall preempt the authority of facilities or individuals providing diagnostic or treatment services to patients with cancer to maintain their own cancer registries. §91.2. Definitions. The following words and terms, when used in this subchapter, shall have the following meanings, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. (1) Act--The Texas Cancer Incidence Reporting Act, Texas Health and Safety Code, Chapter 82. (2) Branch--Cancer Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch of the department. (3) Cancer--Includes a large group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells; any condition of tumors having the properties of anaplasia, invasion, and metastasis; a cellular tumor the natural course of which is fatal, including intracranial and central nervous system malignant, borderline, and benign tumors as required by the national program of cancer registries; and malignant...
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...process more difficult to control, affecting not only the countries economy, but also its safety and the citizens’ general integrity. Knowing the importance of this problem, different organizations around the world are making a big effort trying to create a variety of countermeasures in order to stop the development of this sector and of course the negative consequences. In order to create effective measures, it is necessary to completely understand the counterfeiting process and the specific reasons why people acquire counterfeit products. The objective of this study is to describe what are the different variables, and their direct influence on the purchaser’s behavior at the moment of buying counterfeit merchandise. The data collection method is based on focus groups, interviews and questionnaires. The results obtained from this study can help to understand the complete counterfeit process and facilitate future studies in order to created adequate countermeasures against this global issue. Why do people buy counterfeit products? 3 PURPOSE STATEMENT Counterfeit is a serious issue that affects individuals, cities and countries. The world as a whole is being touched by this powerful industry. The free trading of these products is...
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...Chapter I INTRODUCTION Background of the Study Conflicts among inhabitants of a community is inevitable and the necessity of establishing a formal institution such as trial courts or courts of justice, to address conflict resolution is indispensible. The establishment of this formal institutions is based on the social contract theory wherein the government is duty bound to maintain order in a community and to protect and enforce the fundamental rights of its inhabitants in exchange for the surrender of some rights of the latter. All these, follow the course of administration of justice. Administration of Justice examines the structure, function, laws, procedures, and decision-making processes of agencies that deal with crime management. Courts of justice plays a very important role in the administration of justice. Almost all countries experience problems in the administration of justice. The degree of seriousness of these problems varies depending on several factors. The most common among these problems is the increasing number of court dockets and flaws in the laws being interpreted and implemented. In the Philippines, Courts, in the administration of justice, follows a hierarchy of courts. There are four (4) levels of courts in the Philippines, wherein it is the Supreme Court that is at the apex of this four-tiered hierarchy. At the lowest level of the hierarchy are the first-level courts, consisting of the Municipal Trial Courts (MTCs), Metropolitan Trial...
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...important information that assist each other out. It includes monitor health status that is to recognize public health concerns. Precise, periodic assessment of the group’s well-being, Identification of health risks consideration to vital figures and disparities. Identification of assets and resources use of methods and expertise recording technology to comprehend and connect data. Maintenance of population health offices Electorate development Identification of system associates and investors. Partnership expansion formal and informal partnerships are to promote health improvement Diagnose and inspect health difficulties. Notifying, instructing, and authorizing people...
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...employer, or the requirements of applicable law or regulations, imposed as a condition to the retention by the taxpayer of an established employment relationship, status, or rate of compensation -the education must not be: -education for Minimum education requirements, or -education for qualification for a new trade or business I. Citation: Rev. Rul. 74-78, 1974-1 C.B. 44 II. Facts: The taxpayer, a dentist engaged in general dental practice, returned to dental school for postgraduate study in orthodontics. He attended dental school on a full-time basis continuing his dental practice on a part-time basis. Upon completion of his postgraduate training he became an orthodontist and limited his practice to orthodontic patients. III. Issues: 1. Whether the postgraduate study in orthodontics by a practicing dentist is...
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...Guidelines for Students Practical Training Semester (PTS) Bachelor Degree Programmes full-time School of Business Krems, December 2010 Doc.Nr.: FHM-5-0006 Version 03; Revision 00; E Approval by: Prof. (FH) Mag. Eva Werner/ Rector (FH) Subject to modification printed version just for Information IMC University of Applied Sciences Krems Guidelines for Students - PTS Academic Board/December 2010 Table of Contents Preamble 3 1 OBJECTIVEs, FIELDS of Application and Duration of the practical training ............. 4 1.1 1.2 1.3 Objectives ................................................................................................................... 4 Fields of Application .................................................................................................... 4 Duration ...................................................................................................................... 4 Fundamental Decisions ............................................................................................... 5 Support by the IMC University of Applied Sciences ..................................................... 6 Practical Training Co-ordinator (PTS Co-ordinator) .................................................... 7 Requirements for the Practical Training ...................................................................... 8 Practical Training Contract.............................................................................................
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...when they occur. Nurses have a legal and ethical obligation to respond to these issues. Being a professional nurse requires a nurse to assess the pros and cons of different situations, but also to withhold their personal beliefs and listen and respect the beliefs and traditions of others. Legally Nursing implications require nurses to maintain licensure, obey state and federal laws and to remain within their scope of practice. Within these legal and ethical issues the American Association Code of Nursing ethics, personal and societal values, legal aspects and legal responsibilities all affect decisions. Two different cases will be discussed and explored; an advance directive case involving a woman by the name of Marianne, and a malpractice case involving a nurse and the involved healthcare organization. The American Nurses Association Code of Nursing Ethics can influence the final decision made in the case study involving Marianne’s family by designating a surrogate. According to "American Nurses Association" (2011), “The nurse supports patients self-determination by participating in discussions with surrogates, providing guidance, referral to other resources as necessary, and identifying and addressing problems in the decision-making process” (1.4). In the case study involving malpractice, the nurse being called upon as a witness, has a duty and responsibility to report the incidents to the employer. The "American Nurses Association" (2011) website further states,” all nurses...
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...ROLE OF NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR WOMEN IN PROTECTION AND EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN: AN EVALUATION Subject title: Family Law- I Submitted to: Dr. Anju Tyagi Submitted by: Aratrika Das Class/Year/Semester: IInd year III semester Roll: 16LLB12 2013 National Law University, Delhi Chapter I: Introduction It is often said that the status and position of women in society is the best way to understand a civilisation, its progress and its shortcomings. In case of India, women have come a long way from women sages and scholars in the Rig Vedic period to women in the armed forces, IT sector, politics, industry and other significant areas while balancing their role as a daughter, wife and mother. This journey towards modernization has not been easy. Women have had to fight the traditional Indian male-dominated society to emerge as stronger and independent entities. While all these are positive developments, cases of rape, harassment at workplace and dowry deaths are rampant. Illiteracy and ignorance about their rights are still prevalent among a majority of the women. It was in this background that the Committee on the Status of Women in India (CSWI ) recommended nearly two decades ago, the setting up of a National Commission for Women to fulfil the surveillance functions to facilitate redressal of grievances and to accelerate the socio-economic development of women. The National Commission for women (NCW) is a statutory body for women established in 1992 by Government of India under...
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...CHAPTER ONE Background to the Study In the rapidly changing system of health care, many different factors have affected and changed the perception about how health care is practiced today. The rights of patient are also affected. Patient rights have now become the center of attention in practice of medicine. Today, concerns about patients’ choice and the respect for their preferences, values and the access to medical care are getting more complex. The patients’ expectations are becoming higher and now they always want everything best (Rafique & Bhatti, 2014). Nurses are subject to numerous ethical and legal duties in their professional role, including the imperative to maintain patients’ privacy and confidentiality. Beginning in 1893, nurses take the Nightingale Pledge “I promise to do all in my power to maintain and elevate the standard of my profession, and hold in confidence all personal matters committed to my keeping and all family affairs coming to my knowledge in the practice of my calling” (Gretter, 2012). The duty continues today, with hospital policies, state regulations, and federal law aimed at protecting patients’ confidentiality. Critical care providers are often privy to confidential information in the course of clinical practice. The dilemma may arise when confidential information is requested by family members or friends of the patient. Although at times it seems that regulations and laws are so stringent that any disclosure of health care information is forbidden...
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...Educational Institutions Human Resource Management Project Report its objective to increase the speed and accuracy of problem- Table Of Contents 1. Introduction---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 2. Motivation-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 3. Literature Review--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 a) Sexual harassment against women at educational institutions----------------------------3 b) Article: Sexual harassment at workplace and in educational institutions: case study of District Srinagar----------------------------------------------------------------5 c) Research study on the nature, extent and impact of sexual harassment of women at Maharashtra-----------------------------------------------------------------------------7 4. Methodology---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9 a) Factors taken for the survey---------------------------------------------------------------------10 b) Interview questionnaire design------------------------------------------------------------------10 5. Results----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11 6. Conclusion-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------14 ...
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...written permission of the publisher or a licence from the Copyright Licensing Agency Limited. Details of such licences (for reprographic reproduction) may be obtained from the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd of 90 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1P 0LP. A catalogue record of this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0 335 20427 9 (pb) 0 335 20428 7 (hb) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Croall, Hazel, 1947– Understanding white collar crime / Hazel Croall. p. cm. — (Crime and justice) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0–335–20428–7 — ISBN 0–335–20427–9 (pbk.) 1. White collar crimes. I. Title. II. Crime and justice (Buckingham, England) HV6768 .C755 2001 364.16´8 — dc21 00–050174 Typeset by Type Study, Scarborough Printed in Great Britain by Biddles Limited, Guildford and Kings Lynn chapter one Contents Series editor’s foreword Acknowledgements 1 Conceptualizing white collar crime White collar crime and criminology What is white collar crime? Are white collar crimes distinct from other crimes? Varieties of white collar crime Is white collar crime, crime? Researching white collar crime Concluding comments Further reading Exposing white collar crime ‘Counting’ the uncountable:...
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...breaches of her common law or statutory duty of care and diligence as a director One of the issues raised in the case study is whether Rachael has breached her duties as a director under the common law or statutory duties. Statutory duties are enforced by ROC while common law duties are enforced by the company according to its Memorandum of Association (MOA) and Article of Association (AA) (Mohd Sulaiman & Bidin, 2008). Common law duties are owned by the directors and they must act in the best interest of the company and will be liable for any breach of duties obligated by the MOA and AA. A breach of the common law duty of care will usually result in the payment of compensation or damages to the company. On the other hand, director’s statutory duties are mentioned in Section 132(1A) of the Companies Act. Under Section 132(1A), a director of a company shall exercise reasonable care, skill and diligence with the knowledge, skill and experience which may reasonably be expected of a director having the same responsibilities and any additional knowledge, skill and experience which the director in fact has. Section 132(1A) was further elaborated into four categories of duties. The first category is that the director must exercise reasonable care (Mohd Sulaiman & Bidin, 2008). Under this provision a director is required to take reasonable steps to acquaint themselves with information concerning the company’s financial status and business. Referring to the case of Lim Weng Kee v PP, the...
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...Submit your completed application with all your supporting documents and the appropriate fees and an Immigration Officer will assess it. You must submit the following: Each applicant, including accompanying children, must complete, date and sign their own: Application for a temporary Resident Visa made Outside of Canada (IMM 5257) Answer every question. If not applicable, write N/A. Please note: Only the application form above will be accepted by Citizenship and Immigration Canada. If the application form is submitted without the barcode page (page 5 of 5), the processing times will be considerably longer. Outdated application forms will be returned unprocessed. The principal applicant, his or her spouse or common-law partner, if applicable, and all dependent children aged 18 years or older listed in the application for temporary residence must complete their own copy of Schedule 1 - Application for Temporary Resident Visa...
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...3 Education Statistics in Lebanon…………..…...4 Research Analysis…………………………………………………………6 Intervention…………………………………..12 Personal Beliefs……………………...……….12 Executive Summary The purpose of this report was to raise awareness about abused women in Lebanon and try to promote their rights. Research for this report included true based stories from reality shows and social media, furthermore, literature on web-based tuitions and interview with a professional social worker who deals with abused women. This report provides an analysis and evaluation of the current and prospective of women abuse concentrating in South of Lebanon. Other calculations include rates of numbers of women being abused including statistics of women educated in Lebanon. We also found two reality shows where men clarify why women are allowed to be abused and that it is the right thing to do in certain situations. Furthermore, we inserted KAFAA’s point of view on this matter including what type of situations they dealt with. Also, we have a valid report on the behaviors of the victim and the abuser by a Dr. from psychology department. The interview reveals reasons to why women are abused and how should they react to it. The report finds that even though the government tried to pass a bill that will give women some rights, the religious groups withdrew the law by claiming that it is against their beliefs and that the Shariaa is more than enough. It is a true fact however; if the Shariaawas fully...
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