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Personality and Society

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1. Generalised others an individual's internalized impression of societal norms and expectations.

2. “I” self
The “I” accounts for the creative and spontaneous aspect of self, and helps explain why we do not act in the same situation. The “I” represents the raw, active, un-socialised self. It results partly from our basic genetic make-up, and partly from the fact that socialisation is never perfect or complete.

3. Looking-glass self
The Looking-Glass Self is a sociological concept that has three major components and is unique to humans
There are three main components of the Looking-Glass Self (Yeung, et. al. 2003).
1. We imagine how we must appear to others.
2. We imagine the judgment of that appearance.
4. We develop our self through the judgments of others.

5. Peer group a social group consisting of people who are equal in such respects as age, education, or social class Teenagers usually prefer to spend time with their own peer group.

6. Significant others

Significant other (or SO) is a generic term used to refer to any person who has great importance to an individual's life such as a family member or close friend.[1] It can also be used as a gender-blind term for a person's partner in an intimate relationship[1] without disclosing or presuming anything about their marital status or sexual orientation as it is vague enough to avoid offence by using a term that an individual might consider inappropriate (e.g. lover when he or she considers him a boyfriend, or her a girlfriend when he or she considers her a life partner).

7. The “id”
In Freudian theory: the division of the psyche that is totally unconscious, and serves as the source of instinctual impulses and demands for immediate satisfaction of primitive needs.

8. The “superego”
According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory of personality, the superego is the component of personality composed of our internalized ideals that we have acquired from our parents and from society. The superego works to suppress the urges of the id and tries to make the ego behave morally, rather than realistically.

9. Capitalism
Capitalism is an economic theory which stresses that control of the means of producing economic goods in a society should reside in the hands of those who invest the capital for production. It is a system based on the production of goods and services for exchange rather than use. 10. Socialism
This refers to the various theories of economic organization which advocate either public or direct worker ownership and administration of the means of production and allocation of resources

11. “Me” self
The “me” is the way other people see us, and, therefore, the way we see ourselves

12. Socialisation
Socialisation is the process whereby a child learns to get along with and behaves similarly to other people in the group, largely through imitation as well as group pressure.

13. Social self
The social self is the way that an individual sees himself as a result of their interactions with others.

14. Reciprocity
Reciprocity is the relation or policy in commercial dealings between countries by which corresponding advantages or privileges are granted by each country to the citizens of the other.

15. The “ego”
In psychoanalysis, the division of the psyche that is conscious, most immediately controls thought and behaviour, and is most in touch with external reality.

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