...In psychology, personality traits could be explained from many aspects, and one of them describes personality traits as categorizations of people’s particular characteristics (Burger, 1997) while others hold opposite ideas that personalities are more unique and different for each individual depending on his or her peculiar life experience. The former idea relates itself to nomothetic approach, which is a quantitative approach that studies personalities that people share in common to find out a general law that applies to everyone. The nomothetic approach suggests that people show universal traits and that personality traits are consistent within humans. Gordan Allport first brought up this approach to understand personality in 1930s, and after that, many theories has been conducted from it. Individual’s personality indicates behaviour, thus the accuracy of the indication of individual’s personality and behaviour in nomothetic approach decides the validity and effectiveness of the approach. Thus the statement that “ the nomothetic approach is the most effective way to understand an individual’s personality” can be critically evaluated by testing the validity of predictions of the theories. As mentioned above, there are two commonly accepted approaches to understand individual’s personality. The idea that people’s personalities are unique brings the idiographic approach that investigates individuals in personal and in-depth details. According to idiographic approach, each person’s...
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...Change language: English Deutsch Español Nederlands | | Your Results | | Closed-Minded | | Open to New Experiences | Disorganized | | Conscientious | Introverted | | Extraverted | Disagreeable | | Agreeable | Calm / Relaxed | | Nervous / High-Strung | Link to your results! Email your results to a friend!What aspects of personality does this tell me about?There has been much research on how people describe others, and five major dimensions of human personality have been found. They are often referred to as the OCEAN model of personality, because of the acronym from the names of the five dimensions. Openness to Experience/Intellect | | High scorers tend to be original, creative, curious, complex; Low scorers tend to be conventional, down to earth, narrow interests, uncreative. | | | You prefer traditional and familiar experiences. | (Your percentile: 1) | | | | | Conscientiousness | | High scorers tend to be reliable, well-organized, self-disciplined, careful; Low scorers tend to be disorganized, undependable, negligent. | | | You are well-organized, and are reliable. | (Your percentile: 79) | | | | | Extraversion | | High scorers tend to be sociable, friendly, fun loving, talkative; Low scorers tend to be introverted, reserved, inhibited, quiet. | | | You tend to shy away from social situations. | (Your percentile: 31) | | | | | Agreeableness...
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...Personality development theory Evelyn Harris Psych/504 4/1/2013 Tracy Maceillo Personality development theory This paper will serve as a fact sheet and will answer questions pertaining to the gene environment and interaction influence personalities, personality expressions in cultures, twin studies, temperament, and the characteristics of constancy over a period of time. The term personality was originated from a specific place and is exponentially more complex although there are some assumptions when developing theories on personality alone. Any type of behaviors that are produced by a conscious choice is known as a free will or forces that are deemed as determined by a person’s control. In my opinion, free will expressions are contrary to the power to choose their actions and the extremity of influence in factors of heredity is none other than influenced by environmental factors. The term personality was originated from a specific place and is exponentially more complex although there are some assumptions when developing theories on personality alone. These factors are learned behaviors in which plays a significant role in the predetermined role of personality traits. For instance; if I do not follow good eating techniques I am most likely to contract high blood pressure and diabetes like my grandparents, aunts and uncles or possibly heart disease like my mother. For these reasons it can definitely be assumed that we as human beings do have free will and the choices...
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...can have totally different reactions to same things? Why do we behave in a certain way? The answer to this questions involves more deep observation of personality factors. Many contemporary personality psychologists believe that there are five basic dimensions of personality, often referred to as the "Big 5" personality traits. The five broad personality traits are extraversion, agreeableness, openness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism. 1. Extraversion: This trait includes characteristics such as excitability, sociability, talkativeness, assertiveness and high amounts of emotional expressiveness. 2. Agreeableness: This personality dimension includes attributes such as trust, altruism, kindness, affection, and other prosocial behaviors. 3. Conscientiousness: Common features of this dimension include high levels of thoughtfulness, with good impulse control and goal-directed behaviors. Those high in conscientiousness tend to be organized and mindful of details. 4. Neuroticism: Individuals high in this trait tend to experience emotional instability, anxiety, moodiness, irritability, and sadness. 5. Openness: This trait features characteristics such as imagination and insight, and those high in this trait also tend to have a broad range of interests. It is important to note that each of the five personality factors represents a range between two extremes. For example, extraversion represents a continuum between extreme extraversion and extreme introversion...
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...Personality is a set of traits and characteristics that relate to a person's emotions, motivations, interpersonal interactions, and attitudes. Personality is different from ability. Personality is meaningful to management, because employees' personalities may dictate how well they perform their jobs. Personality may indicate how hard a person will work, how organized they are, how well they will interact with others, and how creative they are. Personality is a trait. That is, personality is enduring and unlikely to change substantially in one's adult life. Because personality is a trait, this also means that a person is likely to behave similarly in a variety of situations. This does not mean that a person cannot or will not adapt to a change in circumstances, but that, on average, a person demonstrates similar personality across all situations and may behave differently from those with dissimilar personality characteristics. In recent years, more organizations have been using self-reporting personality tests to identify personality traits as part of their hiring or management development processes. Employers recognize that experience, education, and intelligence may not be the only indicators of who the best hire might be. Additionally, understanding one's own personality characteristics may improve one's ability to develop as an employee and manager. Therefore, it is important to understand the different facets of personality and the ways in which they can be measured. There...
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...Team Personality Traits LaToya Morris Latoya Sims Troy Clincy PSY 250 January 31, 2011 Dr.Bonita Berryman-Gilliam Team Personality Traits Personality is described as the psychological foundation that makes people uniquely themselves. The trait approach to personality also known as the ‘big five” is perhaps the most recognizable yet, complex aspects of personality (Friedman & Schustack, 2009). This Paper will discuss the five dimensions of personality and explain how they relate to the uniqueness of individuals. According to the Big Five Assessment LaToya found her experience to be fascinating, she was amazed how accurate the test described her personality. She scored 2% in the open to experience category that states, “You prefer traditional experiences” (John 2000). Latoya found this statement to be false because, she sees herself as a curious individual. She likes to research material her average peers would not consider, for instance, her curiosity about serial killers. Latoya scored 1% in the conscientious category that described her as unorganized. Her percentage in the extraversion category was moderately accurate, she enjoys time alone however, she is social and talkative when comfortable. LaToya found her percentages to be stable in the agreeableness and neuroticism category. She explains, she is neither extremely forgiving nor irritable, neither is she particularly nervous or calm. LaToya recommends more people should consider taking the big five;...
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...Trait Theories of Personality Accordingly, to Psychologist Gordon Allport (1897-1967) developed the Traits Theory in which he believed that personality is a combination of characteristics and qualities. These traits are influenced by the societal experiences lived throughout the course of life he stressed on the concept of self-distinctiveness and unique of each individual. Allport emphasized the interaction of personality with the societal influences and circumstances (Samuel & Ellen Green Wood, 1997, p450). Allport’s theory of traits stresses the differences between the individuals. Gordon Allport theorized that traits are of three types: cardinal, central, and secondary traits. The cardinal traits are persistent, shape the individual’s behavior and attitude, and therefore determine his /her personality. Central traits are general traits that are common in so many people. Secondary traits are less pervasive, and ineffective in shaping the personality. However, they are seeing in certain circumstances. In another hands, the psychologist Hans Eysenk proposed that personality traits are of three types: antisocial, introversion-extroversion and emotionally stable. Meanwhile, the psychologist Lewis Goldberg developed a new theory in which he proposed a five-dimension personality model known as the Big Five. The Big Five theory includes the important and crucial traits of the personality. Openness to experience, versus Reticence. Conscientiousness versus...
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...Trait Theories of Personality Accordingly, to Psychologist Gordon Allport (1897-1967) developed the Traits Theory in which he believed that personality is a combination of characteristics and qualities. These traits are influenced by the societal experiences lived throughout the course of life he stressed on the concept of self-distinctiveness and unique of each individual. Allport emphasized the interaction of personality with the societal influences and circumstances (Samuel & Ellen Green Wood, 1997, p450). Allport’s theory of traits stresses the differences between the individuals. Gordon Allport theorized that traits are of three types: cardinal, central, and secondary traits. The cardinal traits are persistent, shape the individual’s behavior and attitude, and therefore determine his /her personality. Central traits are general traits that are common in so many people. Secondary traits are less pervasive, and ineffective in shaping the personality. However, they are seeing in certain circumstances. In another hands, the psychologist Hans Eysenk proposed that personality traits are of three types: antisocial, introversion-extroversion and emotionally stable. Meanwhile, the psychologist Lewis Goldberg developed a new theory in which he proposed a five-dimension personality model known as the Big Five. The Big Five theory includes the important and crucial traits of the personality. Openness to experience, versus Reticence. Conscientiousness versus, Disorganized...
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...Personality Traits Roselynne S. Parker ECE341: Social & Emotional Growth of Infants & Toddlers (LCU1304A) Instructor: Nancy Brown February 2, 2013 Children are born with specific personalities that are visible in their newborn state. Understanding these trait differences provides caregivers and teachers information to cultivate appropriate activities in a group environment. There are nine personality traits of note in humans: activity levels; biological rhythms; approach or withdrawal; adaptability; quality of mood; intensity of reactions; sensitivity threshold; distractibility; persistence/attention span, (Chess, 1990). Each trait delivers positivism and challenges which must be considered to avoid labeling a child as bad or good. A caregiver’s/teacher’s observation and goodness of fit is the best way to approach a child’s temperament, an offshoot of the aforementioned personality traits, (Hearron, Hildebrand, 2009). By avoiding areas for a child’s troublesome traits does not provide the child an opportunity to master new skills, insulating them from their inner ability to attain self-confidence and self-worth, (Chess, 1990). The first trait, activity level, is a determinable feature for a caregiver to adapt their interactions to maximize the child’s development, (Chess, 1990). The child may be hyperactive, or slow to get started. A quiet and reserved child may prefer long periods of sitting and listening to stories or coloring. Long periods...
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...Personality Paper In order to describe how people think, feel, and behave there are four perspectives to help psychologists define an individual personality. These perspectives are psychoanalytic perspective, humanistic perspective, social cognitive perspective, and trait perspective. The psychoanalytic perspectives consist of an unconscious process and the influence of early childhood experience. This perspective stresses the influence of unconscious mental processes, the importance of sexual and aggressive instincts, and the enduring effects of childhood experience as psychoanalysis. A technique used with this theory is free association. The patient can report any mental images, uncensored thoughts, and feelings that came to mind. These free associations could also lead to long forgotten memories and describe the individual’s personality. The humanistic psychology is the view of personality that emphasizes with human potential and human characteristics for self-awareness and free will. This theory emphasizes of the inherent goodness of people, human potential, and self-actualization, the self-concept, and healthy personality development. The social cognitive perspective stresses how the conscious thought processes, self-regulation, and the importance of situational influences. We learn many behaviors by observing them, and imitating the behavior of other people. We not only observe other people’s actions, we also see the consequences that follow. The reciprocal...
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...obviously is not enough to actually put me in a position to succeed. It is not that I am stupid or lazy, but I get easily discouraged f. It is advantageous because I keep pushing on wanting to prove that I am not a failure g. It is a disadvantage because when I get discouraged my drive to continue on drops. It doesn’t stop, but it depresses me making it harder for me to continue one with what I have started. 3. What did you learn about yourself from reading about the trait theories of personality? h. Well what I knew was basically reinforced. I am not any one, stereotype (?). I am all over the spectrum, depending on my surroundings and my mood. I am very withdrawn and introverted, but I am very social and love spending time out with my friends and family. Taking the “Big Five” test was interesting. I scored high on the E,N, and O and slightly higher than average on A and C. I agree with the results. 4. What did you learn about yourself from reading the other theories of personality? i. 5. How will you use this material on...
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...Team Personality Traits Each individual on group B, took a character test that examination his and her characters. These characters will help from the Big Five calculation tool. Remember the character grows in phases at an established age a person has a better intelligence of self. If a character test is given to a younger person the test consequences would have an unstable insight of things, such as household and networks instead of what the individual knows of himself. A more established person has a better sympathetic of affection, setting, and theories and will bid a sturdier self-regard. The Big Five will bid each group associate the aptitude to reproduce on self actualization. The determination of character testing differs, from boss’s mental valuations to, armed valuation. Some of the examination are further multifaceted than others, some are smaller others are lengthier and can take up to two hours to complete. The correctness and cogency of character test consequences are understand by the physiognomies and by the individual taking the test and the psychologist. The character test group B took was small, and the drive of the valuation is to clarify ideologies and mannerism theories. This paper will précis each group associates test consequences, and measure whether each group associate considers his or her valuation depicted a precise outcome. Summary of Team Members Big Five Results The Big Five test is a character impost that classifies five main character behaviors...
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...Team Personality Traits Personalities can vary in groups of people from different areas of the country. University of Phoenix Learning Team A reflects similar personalities in which may not be a common aspect in most team environments. The ladies in team A truthfully assessed the Big Five Personality test to understand strengths and weaknesses within the team. However, each member has displayed a high regard for team goals and participation. According to each team member the results of the test would prove complete accuracy in the Big Five Personality test. The Big Five Assessment Summary There has been much research on how people describe others, and five major dimensions of human personality (Out of Service Home). Two different Big Five Personality tests have been taken by Diane Elizabeth, Tracy, and Mary to research how each team member’s personality fits into the five different dimensions of human personality. The results for the first dimension Openness to experience and Intellect display that high scores tend to be original, creative curious, complex, whereas low scorers tend to be conventional, down to earth, narrow interest, and uncreative. The first results reflect that when concerning team A, team members enjoy developing novel experiences and seeing thinks in new ways scoring from 96 to 80. The second dimension of Conscientiousness and responsibility reflects team A’s score ranging from 95 to 83 and that each team member is very well-organized and can be relied...
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...Big 5 personality traits: constructs and also predicts various employee work attitudes, career performances and outcomes 1) C- conscientiousness * Dependable, organized, reliable, ambitious, and hardworking * Strongest influence on the performance of the big 5 * Reflects a strong tast oriented * Focus more on job tasks, not distracted easily * Goal setting * Tend to ask for feedback to perform better * Go above and beyond work requirement * High on this tend to get paid more and achieve better (maybe because they are more hard working) * Lower on conscientiousness are more risk taking * Best predictor of job performance 2) A- Agreeableness * Warm, kind, cooperative, sympatethic, and helpful * Seek to gain acceptance in personal relationships * Focus on getting along raher then getting ahead * Like to avoid conflict 3) E-extrversion * Talkative, socialble, passitionate, bold and dominate * Status driving- seek to gain power over others * Drewn to take on leadership roles in organizations * Enthuastic---happy campers * Report higher level of job saifaction and also in their lives * Good for mangrial job 4) N-neurotism * Tend to be more nevous, moody, emotional, insecture and jelous * Negative affectivity- Experience unpleasant moods such as nervousness and annoyance * Assocatied with defferential exposure 5) O- Openness to experience * Tend to be more curious...
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...Phoenix Material Personality Reflection Using the textbook, the University Library, the Internet, and/or other resources, answer the following questions. Your responses to each question will vary but overall should be 700- to 1,050-words in length. 1. How would you define personality? Personality is the unique way an individual has learned to deal with the challenges of life and work. It is the general trend of how a person thinks and behaves. When describing someone you may describe them by their personality characteristics such as “She is trustworthy, honest, caring dependable”. Personality: : the quality or state of being a person b : personal existence 2 a : the condition or fact of relating to a particular person; specif : the condition of referring directly to or being aimed disparagingly or hostilely at an individual b : an offensively personal remark. 2. What are some key personality features that define you? I am introverted which means to be somewhat shy, reserve, quiet, thoughtful, and reflective. 3. What key concepts or “constructs” are used to explain your personality? 4. Are your personality features consistent or do they change according to the situation? 5. Have you ever taken a personality test before? If so, what was your reaction to the analysis? If not, what would you expect a proper test to measure? 6. What would make a personality test reliable and valid...
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