Chapter 6 Practice Test

1. Tabula rasa means: Blank Slate, referring to the state something is before being affected by outside influences.

2. Classical conditioning works by:

- pairing a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus that elicited an unconditioned response; over time the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus and produces a conditioned response

3. Extinction occurs when:

-the pairing of the conditioned and unconditioned stimulus stops

4. Systematic desensitization is:

- Deconditioning of phobias;

-Extinguishes fear by gradually relaxing subject and( simultaneous gradual introduction of the fear inducing stimulus;

-Focus is on conditioning „from the outside”

5. Operant conditioning was theorized by:

-B.F. Skinner

6. A simple association between a stimulus and a response is called a:

-Habit

7. The likelihood of responding in certain ways is built up in a hierarchy of acquired drives. This is a prime tenet of which theory?

-Social learning theory

8. Negative reinforcement increases the likelihood of:

-that a behavior will be repeated. The term negative means that a stimulus is removed after the behavior occurs (e.g., removing a child’s chores after he does his homework). In this case, an unpleasant stimulus is removed.

9. The frustration – aggression hypothesis states:

-that frustration leads to aggression

10. Freud and Skinner both have a _ deterministi_ view of human nature.

11. When a person is both drawn toward and away from an object or choice, resulting in anxiety, the conflict is called: an approach-avoidance conflict

12. A Skinner Box is used to:

-is used to study