...Pertussis, also known as whooping cough is an extremely contagious respiratory tract infection. It is commonly noted by a severe hacking cough directly followed by a high-pitched intake of air that sounds like a “whoop”. Many years before a vaccine was made, pertussis was considered a deadly childhood disease. Today, pertussis generally affects children who are too young to have fully completed a full course of vaccinations; however, in recent years, (2012) the United States reported nearly 50,000 cases of pertussis which accounted for the most cases since 1955. Symptoms Once infection sets in, it can take seven to ten days for signs and symptom to appear. It can even take a little longer. At first one can expect: •Runny Nose •Nasal...
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...Pertussis (whooping cough) 1. Characteristics of the disease Pertussis, commonly known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious respiratory tract infection caused by Bordetella pertussis, a gram-negative bacillus. The disease usually starts with cold-like symptoms and maybe a mild cough or fever. The disease usually starts with cold-like symptoms and maybe a mild cough or fever. In babies, the cough can be minimal or even not present. The most dangerous symptom in babies is the potential development of apnea. About half of babies younger than 1 year who get the disease require hospital care. Early symptoms include a runny nose, low-grade fever, and a mild cough. Pertussis in its early stages appears to be nothing more than the common cold. However, as the disease progresses, symptoms appear including fits of many and rapid coughs, vomiting and exhaustion after coughing fits. These violent coughing fits cause the air to go from the lungs, resulting in a forced inhale with a loud "whooping" sound. Coughing fits generally become more common and bad as the illness continues, and can occur more often at night. Pertussis is an airborne disease that spreads easily from coughs and sneezes of carriers. The first known description...
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...The Whooping Cough: A Rising Epidemic Zion Apple July 16th, 2015 Course #498 Capstone The Whooping Cough: A Rising Epidemic Zion Apple July 16th, 2015 Course #498 Capstone Abstract This research paper informs you about the disease pertussis or whooping cough as others may call it. This disease has been around for a very long time and even though there has been a vaccine for over 50 years, this disease seems to still be a problem. Experts are always working around the clock to find new and improved vaccines to rid the world of the pertussis bacteria. In the first section of the text the author will describe the history of the bacteria that cause the whooping cough and exactly what it is comprised of and the toxins that it carries which make the bacteria so deadly and hard to figure out and treat. The signs and symptoms of this disease are very similar to those of the common cold so many people often mistake it as such and do not seek medical advice until it is too late. The second portion of the text is going to tell you about the recent and past trends of the disease in the United States. The numbers are unpredictable and no one can seem to put a finger on the actual reason why this is, there are a few opinions however. There are a few new vaccines that have been introduced to the world and the hopes are that they will be as helpful as the old vaccine that was given over 50 years ago. “Whooping cough affects approximately 48.5 million people every year, of...
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...WHOOPING COUGH Pertussis/Whooping Cough Mary Beth Gibson Ashford University August 27, 2012 Instructor Kristin Akerele What is pertussis? What describe the epidemiology of pertussis? Who provides services to patients with pertussis? The Government mandates we have policies and procedures in place? Identify barriers that might make it difficult for treatment or patients to access services needed? Communication sometimes causes challenges for the public. In order to maintain our safety we should have strategies for communication to follow. The federal government makes sure the states and local levels are following protocol. What is pertussis, commonly known as “whooping cough”? Whooping cough is an infection of the respiratory system causes by bacterium bordetella pertussis. Pertussis is characterized by severe coughing spell, which makes a “whooping” sound when you breathe. Pertussis usually affects infants younger than 6 months old that are not adequately protected by immunizations. It also affects youth 11 to 18 years old, because their immunity is starting to fade. Some of the first symptoms of whooping cough are similar to common cold, such as runny nose, mild cough, and low grade fever and sneezing. “After about 1 to 2 weeks, the dry, irritating cough evolves into coughing spells. During a coughing spell, which can last for more than a minute, the child may turn red or purple. At the end of a spell, the child may make a characteristic whooping sound when breathing...
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...Whooping cough, also known as pertussis, is a serious infection that spreads easily from person to person. The infection causes coughing spells so severe that it can be hard to breathe, eat, or sleep. Pertussis can lead to pneumonia or hospitalization. Although whooping cough can make adults very sick, another big concern is that adults are the most common source of infection in babies, who are at the highest risk of dying from it. A. Mentally and emotionally: • Pertussis can cause considerable amount of distress to both child and adult. • Adults fear they are the sole cause of their child being sick with pertussis. • Pertussis can cause regression and loss of developmental milestones, leading to negative changes in mental and emotional health. • Parents have a fear for the life and health of their child with sever pertussis due to its ability to cause death. Speaker Notes--Untreated, adults can act as a reservoir for pertussis disease and infect younger children—where the disease can be fatal, especially in infants younger than 1 year old. Adults 65 and older who anticipate having close contact with an infant (e.g., grandparents, child-care providers, and health-care practitioners) should receive a single dose of T-dap to protect against pertussis and reduce the likelihood of transmission (CDC, 2011). B. Physically • One of the major symptoms of Pertussis is Uncontrollable cough. • Pertussis can cause thick mucus to develop in the lungs and clog air passages...
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...Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a disease involving the respiratory tract. It is a highly contagious bacterial disease that causes coughing uncontrollably and violently. The constant cough makes it harder to breathe, which could lead to apnea. A “whooping” sound is often heard after a cough because the patient will need to take a breath. Pertussis is caused by a bacterium named Bordetella Pertussis. The bacteria attaches to the cilia that lines the upper respiratory tract and releases toxins. The toxins that are released are so strong that they damage the cilia and cause inflammation. This disease is well known for infecting babies, and young children, but it can also occur in adults as well who can then pass it on to their children....
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...particular disease. So this incident intrigue me to learn and do more research on this disease. The name of the disease and the etiology The name of this disease is Pertussis and also known as the Whooping cough. According to the CDC website, the etiology of this disease is caused by a type of bacteria called Bordetella pertussis. These bacteria attach to the cilia (tiny, hair-like extensions) that line part of the upper respiratory system. The bacteria release toxins, which damage the cilia and cause inflammation (swelling) (Pertussis, 2014)....
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...Zygomycosis and Whooping Cough Two Pathogens That Cause Infectious Diseases Infectious diseases are illnesses are highly transmissible and are caused by pathogens. The pathogens live and multiply in the body of the host and they cause damage to the cells and lead to various complications depending on their target organs. The most common types of pathogens include bacteria, protozoa, fungi and Viruses. The modes of action when the pathogens get into the host organism are similar. They first multiply then start destroying different tissues and cells in the host organism. They may release toxins that make the host environment conducive for their survival. The toxins harm the cells of the host organism, thus leading to different illnesses. The illnesses caused are normally very infectious, and they may lead to epidemics. This paper will compare and contrast the pathogens causing whooping cough and zygomycosis. Causal pathogens Whooping cough and Zygomycosis are some of the infectious diseases caused by different pathogens. In whooping cough, the pathogen infects the respiratory system, causing severe coughing in the victims. It is caused by the bacteria Bordetella pertussis. Zygomycosis is a broad range of fungal infectious diseases that affect the face; particularly the nasal cavity, and the eyes as well as the skin. It is caused by fungi in the Mucorales and Entomophthorales (Vazquez Para 1). The pathogens causing whooping cough and Zygomycosis...
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...What is the mechanism that Bordetella pertussis uses to invade epithelial cells in the lungs? The bacteria, Bordetella pertussis causes cough which becomes serious cough as the bacteria stays in the upper respiratory track and releases toxins which lead to the inflammation. The lungs consist of the Epithelial cell lining which is invaded by this bacteria. There are two stages for this disease the first stage is the colonization of the bacteria in the upper respiratory track. And the second stage is known as toxemic stage. During the first stage fever, cough is observed and during the toxemic stage there will be prolonged cough. We need to identify in the first stage itself as the medication will be working but the medication will not be working in the second stage. Why does this Gram-negative bacteria cause the characteristic cough that it does? Dry cough and sore throat are the common symptoms which are seen with Gram- negative bacteria. Cough lasts for almost 7-10 days. The Gram negative bacteria enters in to the respiratory track and involves in production of mucous and this results in the excess mucous production due to which cough effects the patient. Respiratory track is blocked by this mucous which leads to the breathing hard and whopping sound is also observed while coughing. Why is infant mortality high? All age groups might be affected with the disease; infants are at the high risk. As vaccination is not done infant mortality rate is high. Booster vaccines...
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...Throughout a child’s life it is recommended to vaccinate. Vaccinations are safe and effective in preventing infections and diseases. One in particular is pertussis, also known as the “whooping cough.” Pertussis is an infection of the respiratory system and should be vaccinated for the reason of life-threatening capabilities. (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015). Pertussis is bacteria that damages the tiny hairs in the respiratory system. These hair like projections are called cilia. (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015). The cilia work to keep mucus and dirt out of the lungs, so air can move easily and work effectively in providing oxygen to the body. The cilia work like a filter for the lungs. The same as a filter...
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...NON-GOVERNMENT WEBSITE REVIEW Vaccinations are a vital component for public health. Vaccinations prevent the effects of infectious disease such as pertussis. Pertussis or whooping cough is a highly contagious bacteria spread by coughs and sneezes. Small droplets containing the bacteria are transmitted through airborne methods, which cause the disease to be spread from person to person. In this website, review will inform and provide information over different aspects of government and non-government functions. The federal, local, and non-governmental agencies websites provide similar and different information. These different agencies have different structures. The review will discuss these structures. The different agencies provide different and similar structures concerning pertussis. The government and non-government agencies work together in different capacities. These agencies have public and community health purposes and work together in different capacities to provide public health. Information derived from each of the various websites overlap including the definition of pertussis. A fact sheet provides the number of cases reported in a pertussis summary report and questions and answers. Pertussis vaccination information is a major overlap between the various websites. However, the immunity from vaccines wears off over time, but pertussis vaccination rates in adolescence and adults continue to be low reason for the continued circulation locally and federally across the country...
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...Pertussis is a highly contagious and vaccine-preventable acute respiratory infection caused mainly by Bordetella pertussis. This organism is a gram-negative, fastidious, pleomorphic bacillus, and the cause of whooping cough has remained one of the main 10 causes of death in infants in the world (A,B). Pertussis can occur at all ages, but the severity is higher among young infants who have not completed their immunization schedule (C,D). Although the disease has been decreased following the introduction of whole cell pertussis vaccines (WPVs) in the 1950s, many studies have described re-emergence of pertussis during the last decade (E,F). Therefore, pertussis has not yet been eradicated due to the following criteria 1) the difficulties related...
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...those with a “pro-vaccine mentality” are in danger and need to rethink their decision before unknowingly going through with a vaccine that could possibly not help, but rather hurt them. Rob Pell is able to support his anti-vaccine argument through the use of statistics and facts. One important statistic he recognizes is” In the US and England, the death rate from Pertussis (whooping cough) dropped from about 60 deaths per thousand in the mid-1800s to about 2 per thousand in the early 1950s, even before the Pertussis vaccine was used. Deaths from measles from the mid-1800s until the 1963 introduction of the measles vaccine fell at a nearly identical rate.” Rob Pell uses this specific statistic in order to show that even before vaccines were administered, in both cases the death rate was already decreasing rapidly throughout the United States and England. An extremely important fact Pell uses to further his point is “A 1978 survey of 30 states showed that more than half of all children who contracted measles had been fully vaccinated. Sweden abandoned its whooping cough vaccine after it examined 5,140 cases of whooping cough in 1978 and found that 84 percent had been vaccinated three times. A 1990 Journal of American Medicine Association article stated that "Although more than 95 percent of school-aged children in the US are vaccinated against measles,...
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...Review of Pertussis Pamphlet The Pertussis information pamphlet was reviewed with a 26 year old white female. The mother works in the health care profession, as the oncology department office manager. She has her high school diploma, but only one year of college. She stated she “was required to quite school for the birth of her first daughter, in 2008. When questioned about her preparedness level between her first and now second daughter, she stated being “comfortable with her preparations and expectations as being a mom. It was easier.” At the time of review for this pamphlet, the mother had a newborn infant exactly two months old. She gave birth to her second baby girl on September 5, 2015. The mother was very receptive to the information. She had stated this was something new to her with this pregnancy and found it very scary. She was not certain if she should receive the Dtap vaccination for pertussis prevention, but had a very supportive and trusting relationship with her doctor. The mother did receive her vaccination, as recommended, and stated she is aware of some other parents who chose not to have the vaccination due to warnings of risks associated vaccinations. The mother stated she was aware that whooping cough was an issue in the Ventura County area, and wanted to make sure her daughter was protected. With her medical support background, and many friends in the medical field, she stated she understood the benefits of breastfeeding in providing her daughter...
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...Immunizations: Who Should be Calling the Shots? Immunizations: Who Should be Calling the Shots? Vaccines can prevent outbreaks of disease and save lives. By immunizing a critical portion of a community, most of us are protected from the disease because there is little chance for an outbreak. By reducing the number of people who are not immune, we can contain the spread of contagious disease. This is known as “community immunity” or “herd immunity” ("Vaccines.gov", n.d.). Diseases such as measles and pertussis were once highly feared and vaccines for these diseases have played an important part in reducing the transmissions of these and other deadly diseases. (Luthy, DNP,FNP, Beckstrand, RN, PhD, CCRN, CNE, Callister, RN, PhD, FAAN, & Cahoon, SN, 2012). While many people fear that immunizations can have harmful side effects such as developmental delays in children or that the government and pharmaceutical companies are profiting from the sale of immunizations, parents who choose to not immunize their children are putting the general public at risk. We must act now to encourage parents to vaccinate in order to prevent widespread outbreaks of once deadly diseases. Personal Beliefs There are currently 20 states that allow vaccine exemption based on parents’ personal beliefs, and this is becoming increasingly prevalent. Parents’ personal decisions to exempt their children from receiving vaccinations often stems from a false sense of security that if everyone...
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