...Phase diagram When f assumes a double-well form a miscibility gap which is a situation where the systems cannot take any arbitrary concentrations is observed. Figure 1 is a phase diagram which relates to the final form of f. The common tangent f defines the points of concentration with the ce1 and ce2 as the values, which is used to establish the coexistence curve in the Tc-plane as illustrated in the bimodal. The positions of concentrations are defined by equal chemical potentials which are the slope of the tangent. The stable single phase is above the bimodal area, the supplement of this area is known to states that are unstable thermodynamically. The curve indicated by spinodal is determined by inflection points cs1, cs2 of f. Metastable (f”> 0 ) and unstable (f”< 0)subareas of the curve are separated with the spinodal. If the systems is reduced below a critical temperature, it undergoes a split into two phases this is known as a homogeneous state. The path to phase division conventionally is referred as spinodal decomposition if it is an inner state of the spinodal and nucleation if it is in a metastable area or region. Phase transition The qualitative changes that occur in equilibrium state of a system and those changes act as externally imposed constraints is referred to as phase transition. The constraints may be physical quantities such as pressure, temperature, concentration or any other. In the subsequent section, I will bear in mind that a transition...
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...How much time should be spent on the reconnaissance phase of a penetration test? The answer to this question is a bit open-ended, but realistically this phase can take months or even more than a year. However, the actual time spent on this phase will be limited by the scope and authorization afforded the penetration tester by an organization requesting such services. Conversely, the hacker is not obligated to strict confinements and can take as much time as necessary to collect enough information to successfully exploit a target. What are the four phases of a penetration test? Which phase is most critical? The four phases of penetration testing are Reconnaissance, Scanning, Exploitation, and Post Exploitations/Maintaining Access. Reconnaissance,...
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...In the month of September there were many different phases of the moon. The phase of the moon during September 1- 4 was the waxing gibbous. During this time the moon is not fully illunminated but is getting close to a full moon phase. On the days of September 5-7, the phase of the moon was a full moon. A full moon is when the moon’s face is fully illuminated. September 8-12 was the phase of waning gibbous. During waning gibbous, the portion of the moon that we can see shrinks or wanes. September 12-14 was the third quarter phase. In the time of this phase the moon is half illuinated. On September 15-18 was the waning cresent phase. During this phase the moon appears to be in a cresent shape. September 19-20 was the new moon phase. In this...
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...Xiao-Qiang GUO, Wei-Yang WU, He-Rong GU Yanshan University Phase locked loop and synchronization methods for gridinterfaced converters: a review Abstract. Phase locked loop and synchronization techniques are one of the most important issues for operating grid-interfaced converters in practical applications, which involve Distributed Power Generation Systems, Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS), and High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) Transmission, and so on. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the recently developed phase locked loop and synchronization methods, then a comparison and selection guide are provided. Finally, a list of more than 40 technical papers is also appended for a quick reference. Streszczenie. Techniki PLL i synchronizacji są ważnymi elementami przetworników w systemach sieciowych, takich jak: rozproszonych systemach mocy, FACTs czy HVDC. Artykuł przedstawia przegląd tego typu metod a następnie porównanie tych metod. Na końcu ponad 40 podstawowych artykułów z tej tematyki jest przedstawionych.(Metody synchronizacji i PLL w przetwornikach sieciowych – przegląd). Keywords: Grid-interfaced converters, phase locked loop, synchronization Słowa kluczowe: uchłady PLL, synchronizacja. Introduction The basic phase locked loop (PLL) concept was originally published by Appleton in 1923 and Bellescize in 1932, which was mainly used for synchronous reception of radio signals [1-2]. After that, PLL techniques were widely used in various industrial...
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...Design of Five Phase Induction Motor Sanket M. Bhimgade#1 Swapnil C. Chaudhari#2 Roshan B. Durge#3 Vabeihrohnei Chozah#4 Parag P. Salunke#5 Department of Electrical Engineering Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University, Lonere, Raigad (MS - 402 103) sanketbhimgade@gmail.com , 2swapnil.28492@gmail.com , 3roshan.durge16@gmail.com , 4pawhrohnei@gmail.com , 1 Abstract: The conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy has been and continuous to be a dominant form of power transmission for industrial purposes. The alternating current (AC) electric induction motor has been an industry workhouse for electromechanical conversion for over 100 years. This paper introduces the fundamental electric and mechanical principles of 5 phase AC induction motor. In this paper, a generalized formula is proposed for the selection of number of slots required for 5-phase alternative current (AC) machine design and the criterion for selecting the starting points of each phases. Keywords: Induction motor. Five phase, Stator winding. current. The power per phase is P = VP IP cosϕ and the total power is the sum of the amount of power in each phase. If the currents are equal and the phase angles are the same as in Fig. 1, then the load on the system is balanced, the current in the neutral is zero and the total power is [1], =3 cos ∅ Or Or = √3 = 1.73 cos ∅ cos ∅ I. INTRODUCTION In general, the induction machines having three-phase windings are...
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...reduction of a very simple front-end block for the calculus of phase transition metrics on a continuous phase modulation (CPM) receiver. A quasi-optimum receiver of very low complexity is attained by splitting the function of the optimum receiver bank filters in two blocks: calculus of projections coefficients on a low dimensional space of Walsh functions followed by simple matrix calculus. A sequence detection algorithm follows this block. The presented approach enables the reduction of the matched filters or correlators to just two integrators, regardless of the CPM scheme. Research on the reduction limits of the space dimension is conducted using catastrophic M-ary CPM schemes, taking advantage of their very low number of phase states. Performance of 1REC h=1/2 16-ary scheme is for the fist time presented. A rule is defined concerning the number of Walsh functions that must be used. That outcome proves to be valid for two CPM schemes of high power gain. The receiver is tested under additive white gaussian noise (AWGN). The carrier frequency is fc, where ωc=2πfc, ϕ0 is the arbitrary initial phase and Es is the energy per symbol, related with the bit energy by Es=log2(M)⋅Eb. Channel symbols are γi∈{±1, ±3, ⋅⋅⋅, ±(M-1)}, forming the M-ary sequence γ . Each symbol γi carries log2(M) bits as a result of a natural mapping of the information bits stream α. The information carried by NS channel symbols is keyed in signal’s phase: ϕ (t , γ ) = 2π...
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...Time and Cost Management Plan: A detailed Time and cost plan have been itemized for the Website development project. The Budget over time phase has been itemized based on the phases of the project and further it has been itemized based on the different activities of the project taking place in a definite week. The budget has been tabulated based on the activity and the on the week. The final budget has been calculated based on the phases. The detailed information is as follows: Time and Cost: Phase | Activities | Tasks | Deliverables | Dates | Cost | Project Requirements | Develop Business Requirements. | Collect Requirements from client and register a domain name.Draft the proceedings and document them.Produce a final version of the Business Requirements.(User Signoff) | Preliminary Business Requirements | 6/16/2014 | $360 | | Develop Technical Requirements. | User need to fill the form and register.Provide security by using secure pages such as HTTPS.Estimate hosting space for website.Identify appropriate website development platform and suggest to the client.Draft the proceedings and document them.Produce a final version of the Technical Requirements.(User Signoff) | Preliminary Technical Requirements. | 6/23/2014 | $400 | | Develop User requirements. | Collect required webpages names.Collect menu navigation requirements.Collect Access Requirements from client. | User Requirements. | 06/30/2014 | $160 | | | Draft the proceedings and document them.Produce...
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...Phases of Organizational Change: Concord Bookshop Conflict University of Phoenix Phases of Organizational Change: Concord Bookshop Conflict Organizational change is a never-ending process. Knowing how to approach, present, and effectively implement change depends on several factors. The three phases of Lewin’s Force Field Model: unfreezing, change, and refreezing allow the change process to take place (Borkowski, 2005). Using these phases change can be presented, discussed, and ultimately implemented with success. For organizations to continue to grow and become ever more prosperous, change has to be continuously refined. In this paper, a brief discussion of the phases of organizational change as well as an examination of the organizational change processes not implemented in the Concord Bookshop conflict will be conducted. Lewin’s Phases of Organizational Change Unfreezing Borkowski (2005) states, “The forces and workers involved in perpetuating resistance acquire an understanding of variances that exist between current practices and behavior and desired activities and behavior” (pp. 384-385). The organization must perform an investigation to see what type of resisting forces they may face in regard to the proposed change. An organization will not be effective in creating change unless motivation within the organization is manifested. Understanding that change requires some new knowledge to be learned and some old knowledge to be unlearned. This fact is...
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...estimated cost, expected rate of return and profitability (this should be easy as the company is been run from the garage of the band leader who is not expecting to receive any pay for the next 3 years. Introduction/Launch: Once the CDs have been tested to make sure it works the way it should, it is made available to customers, most times some companies will launch it at once or launch it to a select group or in phases. The similarities can be seen the ideas stated above and the New-Product development process in the text book such as the Concept Development which can be compared to the idea generation, development stage some of the stages intertwine with another. The Product design which is the stage of designing the actual product which is similar to the development and testing phase of the product to ensure it meets the specifications and durability expected. Pilot Production/ Testing in this stage the products requires testing before they are put into full production, this stage can be compared to introduction and launch phase, it can be launched in phases to get feedback before the full launch of the product. Schroeder, R.G., Goldstein, S.M., Rungtusanatham, M.J. (2013). Operations Management in the Supply Chain: Decisions and Cases. New-Product Development process, Pg...
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...Johnathan Yow Jian Jia (13084413) Marketing Management Tutorial Group: 4 Reading 6: Collaborative advantage 1. Collaborative advantage is synergy achieved by integrating resources plus expertise of one organization and provides a foundation or counterbalance to “Competitive Advantage” 2. The 3 main fundamental characteristics of collaborative advantage is that they must yield benefits for the partners and they are more than just the deal. They are also alliances that both partners ultimately deem successful involve collaboration rather than mere exchange. Collaborative advantage cannot be controlled by formal systems but require a dense web at interpersonal connections and internal infrastructures that enhance learning. 3. There are also 3 varieties of relationships which are mutual service consortia that means similar industries pool their resources together to gain benefit too expensive to acquire alone. Joint ventures are companies pursuing an opportunity that requires capabilities from each of them and value-chain partnerships are supplier-consumer relationships. 4. Relationships between companies begin, grow and develop much like relationship between people. Like romances and alliances, they are built on hopes and dreams, what might happen if certain opportunities are pursued? 5. The 8 I’s that create a successful we are first individual excellence, importance, independence, investment, information, integration, institutionalization and integrity. ...
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...CHEG 231011 Thermodynamics I Project Report Compound: Dimethyl Sulfide (C2H6S) Abstract: This project focuses on the thermodynamic properties of dimethyl sulfide (C2H6S). This report mainly consist of a basic introduction for C2H6S from chemical, physical, environmental, industrial sights, a methodology part to show how to generate the thermodynamic charts and a rankine refrigeration cycle for C2H6S, a result part of all the charts and cycle I get from mat lab and other calculation methods, a brief discussion part between the thermodynamic charts and the chemical, physical, environmental, industrial significance. Introduction 1. Basic chemistry. C2H6S: Structure: [pic] [pic] Molecular weight: 62.134 Boiling Point: 38 °C (311 °K) Freezing Point: -98.72 °C (174.88 °K) Triple Point Temperature (Ttri): 174.85°K Critical Temperature (Tc): 503 °K Critical Pressure (Pc): 55.30 bar Critical Molar Volume (Vc): 0.2066 L/mol Critical compressibility factor (Zc):0.273 Acentric factor (ω): 0.191 Antoine Equation Parameters A: 4.28713, B: 1201.134, C: -29.906 2. Compound uses. Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is a key compound in global sulfur and carbon cycles. a) chemical reactant Dimethyl Sulfide will undergo some types of reactions and used as a source to produce several chemical compounds. [pic] (b) Food and Beverage Component DMS is a primary aroma and flavor compound to make beer character. It is also used in other food applications...
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...Dr. Joanna Pajak Introduction: Objective Determination of the solubility limits in a ternary system of water and two other liquids, one of which is completely miscible and the other is partly miscible with water. According to the phase rule of Gibbs the variance F (number of degrees of freedom) of a system at equilibrium is equal to the number of components c minus the number of phases p plus 2, provided that the equilibrium is influenced only by temperature, pressure, and concentration. A system with three independent components has F=5-P degrees of freedom. An invariant point in a ternary system therefore contains five different phases in equilibrium with each other. An invariant point can for example consist of a vapor phase, a liquid phase, and three solid phases in equilibrium with each other. A ternary system with three phases (solid-liquid-vapor) in equilibrium with each other has two degrees of freedom. If the temperature is fixed, one degree of freedom remains. A phase diagram isotherm showing a ternary system with a vapor phase and a liquid phase requires therefore a line to mark the concentration range in which a solid phase is in equilibrium with the other two phases. A point needed to mark concentrations where two solid phases are in equilibrium with liquid and vapor. Experimental: Chemical used Distilled Water Ethyl acetate Ethanol Glass ware used Pipette Beaker Burette Elementary flasks Procedure: Part I o We prepare seven mixtures of water and...
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...the final recipient (Grey & Larson, 2006). A project in its established characteristics possesses a defined life span with a beginning and end date, an established objective, specific time, cost, and performance requirement as mentioned earlier. A project also involves several departments and professionals, and most importantly, doing something that has never been done before. From the characteristics of a project mentioned above, a project life cycle fits with the defined life span of the project and the milestones that needs to be accomplished at different stages while the project is in progress. The project life cycle consists of four different stages which includes the defining or initiation phase, the planning phase, the execution phase, and finally the closure phase. Through these four stages, the project kicks off, starting out slowly in the first stage, increase to a high peak as it is in full swing, and then declines as the project comes to a close. These different stages will be discussed in further detail and a visual demonstration will also be given. The first stage of the project life cycle...
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...When discussing leadership we need to remember that this concept requires two or more people to be involved, a leader and a follower(s). In order for these 2 people to interact there must be communication between the two. The Leadership Expectancy (LMX) theory covers the relational concept between a leader and his followers; it puts an emphasis on the dyadic interactions between the two. There are three phases of the LMX theory. It first starts with the stranger phase. In this initial phase the communications and interactions are just beginning. The two parties only engage in interactions that pertain to the objective. At this point in the relationship the motives of the follower are initiated by self-interest. This is descriptive of what is considered to be the out-group. In phase two, the relationship graduates to the acquaintance phase. In this phase we will see the relationship become more interrelated. There is a sharing of ideas and resources from both the leader and the follower. The motives begin to progress to be focused more on the goals, rather than self interest as it was in the beginning of this dyadic relationship. Here is the tipping point of whether a follower is part of the in or the out-group. In the third and final stage, the relationship has matured to a point where there is trust and respect between the leader and the follower. Due to this respect and trust, the follower will be more inclined to have the best interest of the goal set by the leader and work...
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...NP2000 Introduction The NP2000 is variable-pitch aircraft propeller designed for a variety of medium to heavy duty cargo and passenger aircraft. The propeller is equipped with state-of-the-art electronic control, all composite blades, and individual line-replaceable blades. Compatible with most Allison and Rolls Royce engine installations. NP2000 Maintenance Concept The NP2000 propeller system maintenance concept is based on phase inspections according to the number of flight hours. The interval of these inspections is 500, 1,000, 1,500 flight hours. Because of planning purposes, these phase inspections contain periodic maintenance tasks, which would be otherwise performed according to calendar time. Exceptions are inspections such as Pre-flight inspection, Post-flight, conditional, and turn around inspections that are performed at the (O) level. NP2000 Main Features Main features are introduced below: * Compatible with Allison and Rolls Royce engine installations. * Electronic control. * Individual line replaceable blades. * Reduced maintenance costs. * Fewer mechanical parts. * Higher reliability. * Reduced noise. * Lower vibration. * Reduced feather drag. * Tighter speed governing. NP2000 Basic Data * Diameter 13 ft 5 in * 5100 SHP rating, 5610 SHP growth * 1106 RPM Maintenance Levels A traditional three-level maintenance concept, consisting of Organizational level (O), Intermediate level (I) and Depot level...
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