...Make a reaction why we have to start the course in PAS with knowing our Country’s history and culture roots. The Republic of the Philippines is a constitutional democracy, with the President as head of state. The Philippine Constitution is the fundamental basis of the laws of the land. The country has had several Constitutions, but the current one was adopted through a nationwide plebiscite in 1987. It is supported by other laws, such as the Civil Code, the Labor Code, the Omnibus Investments Code, and the National Internal Revenue Code, as well as by rules and regulations passed by government bodies. The latter include rulings, letters or instructions, circulars, memoranda, administrative orders, judicial orders, and pronouncements, as well as laws adopted by local government within the scope of the Constitution. In PAS course, there are approaches taking within its purview all aspects of administrative activities. The goal is to find out and enunciate the principles or ideals underlying these activities. Administrative behavior is part of behavioral sciences and the study of public administration cannot be complete without the study of individual and collective human behavior in administrative situations. These approaches made more sense and had greater relevance than other approaches as it took into consideration the fact that political, social, economical and psychological environments have effect on human motivation and which ultimately has an effect on the work output...
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...Make a reaction why we have to start the course in PAS with knowing our Country’s history and culture roots. The Republic of the Philippines is a constitutional democracy, with the President as head of state. The Philippine Constitution is the fundamental basis of the laws of the land. The country has had several Constitutions, but the current one was adopted through a nationwide plebiscite in 1987. It is supported by other laws, such as the Civil Code, the Labor Code, the Omnibus Investments Code, and the National Internal Revenue Code, as well as by rules and regulations passed by government bodies. The latter include rulings, letters or instructions, circulars, memoranda, administrative orders, judicial orders, and pronouncements, as well as laws adopted by local government within the scope of the Constitution. In PAS course, there are approaches taking within its purview all aspects of administrative activities. The goal is to find out and enunciate the principles or ideals underlying these activities. Administrative behavior is part of behavioral sciences and the study of public administration cannot be complete without the study of individual and collective human behavior in administrative situations. These approaches made more sense and had greater relevance than other approaches as it took into consideration the fact that political, social, economical and psychological environments have effect on human motivation and which ultimately has an effect on the work...
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...EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 292 INSTITUTING THE “ADMINISTRATIVE CODE OF 1987” WHEREAS, the Administrative Code currently in force was first forged in 1917 when the relationship between the people and the government was defined by the colonial order then prevailing; chanroblespublishingcompany WHEREAS, efforts to achieve an integrative and over-all recodification of its provisions resulted in the Administrative Code of 1978 which, however, was never published and later expressly repealed; WHEREAS, the effectiveness of the Government will be enhanced by a new Administrative Code which incorporates in a unified document the major structural, functional and procedural principles and rules of governance; and WHEREAS, a new Administrative Code will be of optimum benefit to the people and Government officers and employees as it embodies changes in administrative structures and procedures designed to serve the people; NOW, THEREFORE, I, CORAZON C. AQUINO, President of the Philippines, by the powers vested in me by the Constitution, do hereby promulgate the Administrative Code of 1987, as follows: INTRODUCTORY PROVISIONS SECTION 1. Title. — This “Administrative Code of 1987.” Act shall be known as the SECTION 2. General Terms Defined. — Unless the specific words of the text, or the context as a whole, or a particular statute, shall require a different meaning: (1) Government of the Republic of the Philippines refers to the corporate governmental entity through which the functions of...
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...Concept Paper on Republic Act 6713- Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials and Employees For so many years, the Philippine Administrative System has been evolving and adapting to all the demands of the changing environment. The PAS has undergone reorganization, decentralization, privatization and all sorts of tools to improve its service delivery to all Filipino people. All measures have been adapted to ensure efficiency and productivity among its people. Despite those facts, controversies arose in the field of PAS. It was tainted with graft and corruption, and incompetence of the people working under its umbrella. Records will show how numerous and rampant was the malpractices in all areas of PAS. The passing of Republic Act 6713 or more known as the Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials and Employees was considered the highlight of the Philippine Administrative System. The said law was enacted, framing all rules and policies that public employees must follow in fulfilling their respective jobs. It is also the government’s mechanism to ensure quality service and efficiency in the Administrative System. The RA 6713 includes the norms that employees shall observe in the discharge of their duties. First and foremost, they must have commitment to public interest. In all their dealings, they must always consider the benefit and welfare of the public. Since they are working for the public per se, then it...
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...L SIXTEENTH CONGRESS OF THE ) REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES ) First Regular Session ) ________________ (Filed through Indirect Initiative under Republic Act No. 6735) _____________________________________________________________ Introduced by PUBLIC SERVICES LABOR INDEPENDENT CONFEDERATION (PSLINK), PHILIPPINE RURAL RECONSTRUCTION MOVEMENT (PRRM), NATIONAL UNION OF JOURNALISTS OF THE PHILIPPINES (NUJP), FOI YOUTH INITIATIVE (FYI), ALLIANCE OF PROGRESSIVE LABOR (APL), CAUCUS OF DEVELOPMENT NGO NETWORKS (CODE-NGO), SOCIAL WATCH PHILIPPINES, FOCUS ON THE GLOBAL SOUTH - PHILIPPINES, TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY NETWORK (TAN), PEACE WOMEN PARTNERS, PHILIPPINE AIRLINES EMPLOYEES ASSOCIATION (PALEA), PRUDENTIALIFE WARRIORS PILIPINAS, FILIPINO MIGRANT WORKERS GROUP (FMWG), AKSYONG KABAYANIHAN PARA SA ORGANISADONG PAGBABAGO (ANGKOP), CENTER FOR MEDIA FREEDOM AND RESPONSIBILITY (CMFR), ANG KAPATIRAN PARTY, ACTION FOR ECONOMIC REFORMS, PHILIPPINE CENTER FOR INVESTIGATIVE JOURNALISM (PCIJ), (COLLECTIVELY, THE "RIGHT TO KNOW. RIGHT NOW! COALITION") EXPLANATORY NOTE The people's right to information held by government is expressly recognized in no less than the Constitution. Article III (Bill of Rights), Sec. 7 of the 1987 Constitution states: The right of the people to information on matters of public concern shall be recognized. Access to official records, and to documents and papers pertaining to official acts, transactions, or decisions, as...
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...The Philippine Educational System The Legal / Constitutional bases ✓ EDUCATIONAL DECREE OF 1863: The decree provided for the establishment of primary school for boys and girls in each town of the country. ✓ ACT NO. 74 OF 1901: Enacted into law by the Philippine Commission, the Act created the Department of Public Instruction, laid the foundations of the public school system in the Philippines, provided for the establishment of the Philippine Normal School in Manila and made English as the medium of instruction. (In 1949, the Philippine Normal School was made a teachers' college by virtue of RA 416 and, in 1991, it became a full-pledge university by virtue of RA 7168.) ✓ ACT NO. 1870 OF 1908: The law served as the legal basis for the creation of the University of the Philippines. ✓ VOCATIONAL ACT OF1927: Also known as Act No. 3377, the Vocational Act as amended by other acts laid the foundations of vocational education in public schools and made provisions for its support. ✓ EDUCATION ACT OF 1940: Also known as Commonwealth Act No. 586, the Education Act laid the foundations for the present six-year elementary course and made provisions for its support. ✓ REORGANIZATION ACT OF 1947: The Act placed public and private schools under the supervision and control of the Bureau of Public and Private Schools. ✓ REPUBLIC ACT 5250 OF 1966: The Act provided the legal basis for the implementation of a ten-year teacher...
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...The Parole and Probation Administration of the Philippines The Parole and Probation Administration (Filipino: Pangasiwaan ng Parol at Probasyon), abbreviated as PPA, is an agency of the Philippine government under the Department of Justice responsible for providing a less costly alternative to imprisonment of first-time offenders who are likely to respond to individualized community-based treatment programs. HISTORY: Probation was first introduced in the Philippines during the American colonial period (1898–1945) with the enactment of Act No. 4221 of the Philippine Legislature on August 7, 1935. This law created a Probation Office under the Department of Justice. On November 16, 1937, after barely two years of existence, the Supreme Court of the Philippines declared the Probation Law unconstitutional because of some defects in the law's procedural framework. In 1972, House Bill No. 393 was filed in Congress, which would establish a probation system in the Philippines. This bill avoided the objectionable features of Act 4221 that struck down the 1935 law as unconstitutional. The bill was passed by the House of Representatives, but was pending in the Senate when Martial Law was declared and Congress was abolished. In 1975, the National Police Commission Interdisciplinary drafted a Probation Law. After 18 technical hearings over a period of six months, the draft decree was presented to a selected group of 369 jurists, penologists, civic leaders and social and behavioral...
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...this is because decisions by the High Court could formerly be appealed to the Privy Council. In a few places, the court named the "Supreme Court" is not in fact the highest court; examples include the New York Supreme Court, which is superseded by the New York Court of Appeals, and the former Supreme Court of Judicature of England and Wales. Some countries have multiple "supreme courts" whose respective jurisdictions have different geographical extents, or which are restricted to particular areas of law. In particular, countries with a federal system of government typically have both a federal supreme court, and supreme courts for each member state, with the former having jurisdiction over the latter only to the extent that the federal constitution extends federal law over state law. Jurisdictions with a civil law system often have a hierarchy of administrative courts separate from the ordinary courts, headed by a supreme administrative court as it the case in the Netherlands. A number of jurisdictions also follow the "Austrian" model of a separate constitutional court . Within the British Empire, the highest court within a colony was often...
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...CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW What Is Office Administration? An office administrator oversees day-to-day office operations. Office administration is the process of overseeing the day-to-day operations of an office. The task of administration is usually the responsibility of an office administrator or manager. Depending on the general operating structure of the organization, and the complexity of tasks associated with the operation in general, the responsibilities of the manager or administrator may focus on a few core tasks, or involve the management of a wide range of functions. One of the core tasks associated with office administration is the management of the employees associated with the office. Typically, office administrators are responsible for supervising the office staff, making sure that each employee has resources necessary to competently carry out his or her assigned duties. Administrators also function as troubleshooters, providing support and assistance to employees when unusual situations arise during the completion of an assigned task. It is not unusual for administrators to be responsible for conducting periodic employee evaluations, recommending pay increases, or providing employees with remedial or cross training as a means of assisting those employees to improve their relationships with the employer. Along with managing and supporting employees, office administration also involves making sure that the office always has the resources needed to remain...
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...rights of its inhabitants in exchange for the surrender of some rights of the latter. All these, follow the course of administration of justice. Administration of Justice examines the structure, function, laws, procedures, and decision-making processes of agencies that deal with crime management. Courts of justice plays a very important role in the administration of justice. Almost all countries experience problems in the administration of justice. The degree of seriousness of these problems varies depending on several factors. The most common among these problems is the increasing number of court dockets and flaws in the laws being interpreted and implemented. In the Philippines, Courts, in the administration of justice, follows a hierarchy of courts. There are four (4) levels of courts in the Philippines, wherein it is the Supreme Court that is at the apex of this four-tiered hierarchy. At the lowest level of the hierarchy are the first-level courts, consisting of the Municipal Trial Courts (MTCs), Metropolitan Trial Courts (MeTCs), and Municipal Circuit Trial Courts (MCTCs). These are basically called trial courts. These Trial Courts are the front liners in most of the civil and criminal cases filed in courts. However before a case reaches the Supreme Court, it must pass through the Regional Trial Courts and the Court of Appeals. In each of these courts, attached so many legal remedies that may be...
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...History 1900 | Act No. 52 was passed by the First Philippine Commission placing all banks under the Bureau of Treasury. The Insular Treasurer was authorized to supervise and examine banks and banking activities. | | | February 1929 | The Bureau of Banking under the Department of Finance took over the task of banking supervision. | | | 1939 | A bill establishing a central bank was drafted by Secretary of Finance Manuel Roxas and approved by the Philippine Legislature. However, the bill was returned by the US government, without action, to the Commonwealth Government. | | | 1946 | A joint Philippine-American Finance Commission was created to study the Philippine currency and banking system. The Commission recommended the reform of the monetary system, the formation of a central bank and the regulation of money and credit.The charter of the Central Bank of Guatemala was chosen as the model of the proposed central bank charter. | | | August 1947 | A Central Bank Council was formed to review the Commission’s report and prepare the necessary legislation for implementation. | | | February 1948 | President Manuel Roxas submitted to Congress a bill “Establishing the Central Bank of the Philippines, defining its powers in the administration of the monetary and banking system, amending pertinent provisions of the Administrative Code with respect to the currency and the Bureau of Banking, and for other purposes. | | | 15 June 1948 | The...
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...Professionals and Hospitals Industry Sector Situationer Baylon Bernardo Dimalaluan Esguerra Hospital Service Industry O Hospital service is a term that refers to medical and surgical services and the supporting laboratories, equipment and personnel that make up the medical and surgical mission of a hospital or hospital system. Hospital Service Industry O Hospitals are institutions comprising basic services and personnel usually departments of medicine and surgery that administer clinical and other services for specific diseases and conditions, as well as emergency services. Hospital Service Industry O Hospital services cover a range of medical offerings from basic health care necessities or training and research for major medical school centers to services designed by an industry-owned network of such institutions as health maintenance organizations (HMOs). The mix of services that a hospital may offer depends almost entirely upon its basic missions or objectives. Number of companies/industry members Types and Distribution Hospitals in the Philippines, Sept. 30, 2011 (PHA Members) based on the Philippine Hospital Association Philippines Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Total Government 352 276 41 51 720 Private 423 432 191 74 1120 1840 Hospital Category O Level 1- Primary Hospital - equipped with services capabilities needed to support licensed physician rendering services in Medicine, Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Minor Surgery. Hospital Category ...
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...PAPERS GRAFT AND CORRUPTION: THE PHILIPPINE EXPERIENCE Nelson Nogot Moratalla* I. INTRODUCTION This paper will present a condensed report on graft and corruption in the Philippines. Information was compiled by the author from documents, articles, newspaper clippings and other data gathered from the reports and journals of the Ombudsman and the Sandiganbayan, two of the constitutional bodies mandated by Philippine law to investigate and act on complaints filed against public officials and employees for violations of graft and corrupt practices. More specifically, this report will cover input from an unpublished research paper prepared by scholars from the University of the Philippines, College of Public Administration, whom I will accordingly acknowledge in this work.1 This report will generally follow the outline as provided. The first portion will introduce the theoretical perspective and context of corruption in the Philippines. It clarifies the national context within which corruption operates. It will look into the intersection of corruption and Philippine history and culture. It will likewise discuss some public perceptions of corruption. Estimates of the extent and losses of corruption in the Philippines will be briefly discussed. The history of the Philippine * Deputy Director / Dean of Academic, Philippine National Police Academy, Philippine Public Safety College, Philippines. 1 “Initiatives Taken Against Corruption: The Philippine Case”; unpublished paper prepared...
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...The Philippines The Republic of the Philippines is a constitutional democracy, with the President as head of state. The president and vice president are elected by the people for six-year terms. The national government has three coequal branches that exercise a system of checks and balances: executive, legislative, and judicial. The executive branch consists of the President and his Cabinet. The Senate and the House of Representatives make up the bicameral legislature. The Supreme Court heads the systems of courts under the judicial branch. Congress consists of a 24-member Senate and a 250-member House of Representatives. The voters of the entire nation elect senators to six-year terms. Voters from different districts elect 200 of the representatives to three-year terms. The remaining 50 representatives are selected from lists drawn up by the political parties to ensure representation of women, ethnic minorities, and certain economic and occupational groups. The number selected from each party's list is about one-fourth of the number of the party's elected representatives. All Philippine citizens who are at least 18 years old may vote. The Philippine Constitution is the fundamental basis of the laws of the land. The country has had several Constitutions, but the current one was adopted through a nationwide plebiscite in 1987. It is supported by other laws, such as the Civil Code, the Labor Code, the Omnibus Investments Code, and the National Internal Revenue Code, as...
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...MALACAÑANG Manila BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE PHILIPPINES EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 265 DEFINING THE APPROACH AND INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISM FOR THE GOVERNMENT’S COMPREHENSIVE PROGRAM ON COMBATING TRANSNATIONAL CRIME* WHEREAS; the globalization of the world’s economies and advances in information technology have significantly contributed to the growing sophistication of transnational crimes and their continuing threat to our nation’s political, economic and socio-cultural stability and security; WHEREAS, the United Nationals Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, which the Philippines signed on 14 December 2000 and ratified on 28 May 2002 encourages the formulation of coordinated national policy, legislative, administrative, and law enforcement approaches to prevent and combat transnational crime more effectively; WHEREAS, The ASEAN Declaration on Transnational Organized Crime and its implementing instruments, the ASEAN Plan of Action to Combat Transnational Organized Crime and its Work Programme, call on all Member-States of the ASEAN to solidify governmental efforts in areas of information exchange, training, legislation, law enforcement, institution-building, and extraregional cooperation; WHEREAS, to address the range of transnational crimes affecting our country, Executive Order No. 62 issued on 15 January 1999 creating the Philippine Center on Transnational Crime to formulate and implement a concerted program of action of all law enforcement intelligence and other agencies...
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