...Why I am a radical non environmentalist In my opinion, global warming is greatly over-exaggerated political issue that does not deserve the media attention that it receives. A plan to reduce consumption in order to prevent the overuse of resources is only effective if the entire global population agrees to abide by this. Global warming and sustainable development are strictly First World Country issues and seeing as the majority of the earth’s population does not fall within this category, my efforts to contribute to the decrease in climate change is obsolete. It is evident that change can only be established if every citizen in the world is willing to make an effort, and since this is not the case, I do not feel the need to participate. Though some may believe that every bit makes a difference, I am not one of these people. Aside from this, the issue of pollution contributing to global warming and climate change is blown out of proportion. I believe that pollution by big corporations is necessary to maintain our current standards of living. Also, without the existence of negative externalities, governments would not receive the extra funds used to support our universal health care system and our Canadian tax rates would increase further. A study done back in 2008 shows that the average temperature 1000 years ago was higher than it is now. Much of the predictions to climate change are from global climate computer models where in many scientist’s eyes are too crude to predict...
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...arXiv:math.DG/0207039 v1 3 Jul 2002 Exterior Differential Systems and Euler-Lagrange Partial Differential Equations Robert Bryant Phillip Griffiths July 3, 2002 Daniel Grossman ii Contents Preface Introduction 1 Lagrangians and Poincar´-Cartan Forms e 1.1 Lagrangians and Contact Geometry . . . . . . . . . 1.2 The Euler-Lagrange System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.1 Variation of a Legendre Submanifold . . . . . 1.2.2 Calculation of the Euler-Lagrange System . . 1.2.3 The Inverse Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 Noether’s Theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 Hypersurfaces in Euclidean Space . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4.1 The Contact Manifold over En+1 . . . . . . . 1.4.2 Euclidean-invariant Euler-Lagrange Systems . 1.4.3 Conservation Laws for Minimal Hypersurfaces 2 The 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Geometry of Poincar´-Cartan Forms e The Equivalence Problem for n = 2 . . . . . . . Neo-Classical Poincar´-Cartan Forms . . . . . . e Digression on Affine Geometry of Hypersurfaces The Equivalence Problem for n ≥ 3 . . . . . . . The Prescribed Mean Curvature System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v vii 1 1 7 7 8 10 14 21 21 24 27 37...
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...Climate change From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For current and future climatological effects of human influences, see global warming. For the study of past climate change, see paleoclimatology. For temperatures on the longest time scales, see geologic temperature record. [pic] |Atmospheric sciences | |[pic] | |Aerology | |Atmospheric physics | |Atmospheric dynamics (category) | |Atmospheric chemistry (category) | |Meteorology | |Weather (category) · (portal) | |Tropical cyclone (category) | |Climatology | |Climate (category) | |Climate change (category) | |Global warming (category) · (portal) | |v · d · e | Climate change is a long-term change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It may be a change in average weather conditions or the distribution of events around that average (e.g., more or fewer extreme weather events). Climate change may be limited to a specific region or may occur across the whole Earth. |Contents ...
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...Exploring My Artist Name ideas I searched up on Google, girl’s names and I looked through the list and my top five were: First name Trixie Melissa Kenzie Myra Taliyah Last Name Kelly Kate Hayley Perry Lorraine v Name ideas I searched up on Google, girl’s names and I looked through the list and my top five were: First name Trixie Melissa Kenzie Myra Taliyah Last Name Kelly Kate Hayley Perry Lorraine v I chose Melissa because it fits in the genre pop music and it is a British name because my artist is from Britain. I thought that all the other names that I chose didn’t fit in pop music....
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...EVS2000 - Research Paper and Presentation Outline Global Climate Change Instructions: For your research paper and presentation, you’ll be researching global climate change. Your first assignment is to fill in the details of this outline. Here's how it will work: 1. Using this outline template, fill in the details on the open lines below.You must complete every line of the outline to receive full credit. You may add additional lines, as you see fit. 2. By Sunday, 11:59 PM (Mountain), upload your completed outlineto the Dropbox. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Outcome 1a, 2a-c, 2e, 3a-b, 4a-b, 5a, 6a-e 1) Introduction a) What is climate change? b) i) Briefly state the causes of climate change (1) (2) (3) ii) Briefly state the impact of climate change (4) (5) (6) iii) Briefly state the reaction to climate change (7) (8) (9) iv) Briefly state the potential solutions to climate change (10) (11) (12) 2) History and Causes of Climate Change c) Explain the impact of humans and other living creatures upon the environment v) Identify the impacts of human overpopulation on climate change (13)...
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...Various other models predict the nation's vulnerability. Bangladesh is the nation most vulnerable to global climate change in the world, according to German Watch’s Global Climate Risk Index (CRI) of 2011. This is based on the analysis of impacts of major climate events that occurred around the world in the twenty-year period since 1990. The reasons are complex and extremely intertwined. Located at the bottom of the mighty GBM river system (comprising the Ganges, the Brahmaputra and the Meghna), Bangladesh is watered by a total of 57 trans-boundary rivers coming down to it: 54 from neighbouring India and 3 from Myanmar. The country, which has no control of the water flow and volume, drains to the Bay of Bengal over 90% of the total run-off generated annually. Coupled with the high level of widespread poverty and increasing population density, limited adaptive capacity and poorly funded, ineffective local governance have made the region one of the most adversely affected in the planet. There are an estimated one thousand people in each square kilometre, with the national population increasing by 2 million people each year. Almost half the population is in poverty (Purchasing Power Parity of $1.25 per person a day). Hence these people do not have the ability to respond to a natural disaster and the government cannot help them.[2] Effects[edit] It is projected that, by 2020, from 500 to 750 million people will be affected by water stress caused by climate change around the world...
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...I. Show us an activity you enjoy doing. Tell us how you think it contributes to your personal and professional development I began training and coaching beach volley last year. The idea came into my mind while I was watching the beach volley tournament of my girlfriend job and many participants were complaining about the different level of the teams. Once back home I explained my idea to my girlfriend which is a volley professional and introduced me to the sport and she bought it. The reason why I have selected this activity is because it contributes to strengthen the relationship with my girlfriend, sharing and enjoying together an important portion of my few spare times, since my job is very time consuming being “up in the air all the time”. I therefore killed two birds with one stone, keeping my girlfriend happy without sacrificing my preferred hobby: playing sport. Beach Volley, as any other sport, is good for both physical and mental health. It makes my little heart muscle big and strong and it helps me get rid of toxins from the body. When I am on the beach playing with the “guys” I feel relaxed and, looking at the immensity of the Mediterranean Sea I am able to forget the daily difficulties and recharge my battery. Furthermore, it helps me on my self-awareness development. During this period when the current crisis is oppressing specific sector like the public research, I feel the need to collaborate in activities that contribute to the improvement of some...
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...“Human activities contribute to climate change by causing changes in Earth’s atmosphere in the amounts of greenhouse gases, aerosols (small particles), and cloudiness. The largest known contribution comes from the burning of fossil fuels, which releases carbon dioxide gas to the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases and aerosols affect climate by altering incoming solar radiation and outgoing infrared (thermal) radiation that are part of Earth’s energy balance. Changing the atmospheric abundance or properties of these gases and particles can lead to a warming or cooling of the climate system. Since the start of the industrial era (about 1750), the overall effect of human activities on climate has been a warming influence. The human impact on climate during this era greatly exceeds that due to known changes in natural processes, such as solar changes and volcanic eruptions.” IPCC, 2007: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M.Tignor and H.L. Miller (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. I do support climate change as a human-caused event. Although it occurs naturally, humans have played a huge part in the advanced onset of climate change. “ Human activity is causing the Earth to get hotter primarily by two actions: Burning fossil fuels, with a smaller...
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...the analysis of accumulated weather data for long term patterns and trends. Change is defined as, “To make or become different.” Combine those two words together the definition is “long-term weather patterns and trends becoming different over an extended period of time.” According to many researchers there has been a drastic change in climate temperatures. With their findings it is truthful that global warming is indeed happening before our eyes. Are these changes being caused by man? Ahrens C. Donald answers that question with, “changes in the climate can result from both natural events and human activities are causes of the warming. Examples of the natural causes of climate change are volcanic eruptions, variations in the earth’s orbit around the sun, and variations in solar output” (Ahrens, 485-491). There are also reasons for the climate change caused by humans. These examples include, industrial pollutants and fossil fuels (Rhodes, 116). After further ado, it is not solely contributed by man, the environment and natural causes play a huge role in it as well. Of course there are both sides to every debate. Some scientists believe there is no such thing as global warming. They believe this because they say there isn’t enough evidence to support the idea of it. Media is making this a “hot topic” as well as all the politicians making money off of the subject. This...
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...Corrected sunspot history suggests climate change not due to natural solar trends In a recent study by The International Astronomical Union (IAU), a long time discrepancy between two different models dealing with climate change and its direct correlation to solar activity or flares has been found to be somewhat inconclusive now after one of the longest going scientific experiments on the subject. Based on the 70 plus year period of the Maunder Minimum which has shown through data that earth’s harsh winters coincided with a higher frequency of sunspots has been believed to been a large factor in what we today believe has to do with climate change. The Maunder Minimum is a measurement of the suns activities between the years of 1645 and 1715. Basically, some scientists have believed that global warming has been connected to this effect and the fact that since this time, solar activity has increased and especially in the 20th century. According to EScienceNews.com, ‘The two methods of counting the sunspot number -- the Wolf Sunspot Number and the Group Sunspot Number [2] -- indicated significantly different levels of solar activity before about 1885 and also around 1945. With these discrepancies now eliminated, there is no longer any substantial difference between the two historical records’. These new findings were disclosed on August 10th at the IAU XXIX General Assembly in Honolulu, Hawaii. Also according to the same article, ‘The new correction of the sunspot number, called...
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...DSMHT 201: Applied Differential Equation (credit 02) 1. Ordinary differential equations and their solutions: Initial value problems, Boundary value problems, Basic existence and uniqueness theorems (statement and illustration only). 2. Solution of first order equations: separable equations and equations reducible to this form, Linear equations, exact equations, Special integrating factors, Substitutions and transformations. 3. Solution of higher order linear differential equations: Solution space of homogeneous linear equations. Fundamental solutions of homogeneous systems. Reduction of order. Homogeneous linear equations with constant coefficients. Non homogeneous equations. 4. Method of undermined coefficients. Variations of parameters. Cauchy-Euler differential equations. 5. Systems of differential equations, linear system, Fundamental matrix, Solutions of linear systems with constant coefficients. References: 1. D.G. Zill, A First Course in Differentil Equations with Applications. 2. F. Braur and J.A. Nohel, Differential Equations. 3. S.L. Ross, Differential Equation. DSMHT 202: Geological and Hydro-meteorological Hazards (credit 02) 1. Introduction to Geological and Hydro-meteorological Hazards. 2. Geological Hazards Earthquakes (causes, types and effects of Earthquakes), Tsunami & Seiches. (naming, Tsunami Generation, Velocity and height, coastal effects and vulnerability), Volcanoes (origin & types of volcanic hazards...
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...Anthropogenic Climate Change B M B PHI 103 Barri October 29, 2015 In this paper we will discuss the topic of Anthropogenic Climate Change, which is also known as global warming. Is anthropogenic climate change a problem that needs immediate and/or long term attention? The answer is becoming more evident as the years pass, but in short, it is yes for both immediate and long term. Anthropogenic climate change is having a substantial effect on natural and biological organisms on a global scale, and is considerably more severe in some continents. Below I will state my argument on how we need to do something now and for future generations. “Anthropogenic climate change refers to the production of greenhouse gases emitted by human activity” (Anthropogenic, 2012, Para 1). Anthropogenic climate change is in fact becoming more obvious even to people who usually do not have a concern about climate or geological systems. Walter, and Schönwiese state that “an anthropogenic induced climate change is already observable in climatic variables, e.g. near-surface air temperature” (Walter, A., & Schönwiese, C. D, 2003). Maxwell tells us that “eminent climate scientists have come to consensus that human influences are significant contributors to modern global climate change” (Maxwell, 2008). Some of the fundamentals of this anthropogenic climate change come from high levels of Carbon Dioxide or CO2 which is mainly generated from humans using fossil fuels as an energy source...
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...Essay: Climate Change ‘Up and down, up and down- that is how temperature and climate have always gone in the past and there is no proof they are not still doing exactly the same thing now. In other words, climate change is an entirely natural phenomenon, nothing to do with the burning of fossil fuels.’ (David Bellamy). Discuss the extent to which you agree with this statement. Climate can be described as the long term prevailing weather conditions of an area, the key words being ‘long term’. David Bellamy’s statement, suggests that those who disregard the ‘natural’ theory should study the data from thousands of years ago to see that a continuous pattern is shown. However, perhaps Bellamy needed to study the most recent cycle in the past 40 years in more detail to see that global temperature change is not following its usual course but has in fact been increasing at nearly four times the pace. Whether anthropogenic or natural, some factors must have changed in order to cause such a large difference. It would be foolish to believe climate change is one hundred percent natural or totally anthropogenic as it is evident that climate fluctuations have always been present, but have been amplified by recent anthropogenic changes. A natural theory is based on the amount of solar energy emitted to earth. In past cycles, the amount of solar input has fluctuated and was the cause of the Little Ice Age between 1600 and 1800 and glacial advancement in the Alps. However, since 1800, there...
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...Climate Change Science and Superstorm ‘93 June 20, 2011 METEOSAT infrared satellite photo March 1993 "Storm of the Century" (13 March 1993). Source: NOAA National Climatic Data Cent er Climate Change Science Changes OverTime Prior to 1800 –the Earth’s climate was not a compelling topic Today - it is a major concern although the causes are hotly disputed Climate Change Science is one example where there has been significant growth in knowledge over the last 200 years Climate Change Science Effects of Increased Knowledge The Discovery and Proof of: ◦ Green House Effect 1824 - Greenhouse effect discovered by Fourier 1859 - John Tyndall confirmed Fourier discovery by confirming that H2O and CO2 absorb infrared heat 1955 - Isotopic signature of industrial based CO2 emissions discovered by Hans Suess 1958/1960’s - Charles David Keeling proved CO2 was increasing in the atmosphere Led to: ◦ Adoption and Use of Climate Modeling 1970’s/80’s Suke Manabe and James Hansen began modeling climate projections Resulting in : ◦ Organizations Established to Study Climate Change and its Impacts National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Global Institute for Space Studies (GISS) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Climate Change Science Example 1: Green House Effect Discovered in 1924 - Natural layer of gases covering...
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...September 30, 2014 Unit 5 Assignment: Buying Into the Green Movement CS204-26: Professional Presence Kaplan University Abstract Almost everyone is aware of the crisis of global climate change. People are told to purchase eco-friendly goods to be eco-friendly themselves. From those earth friendly totes to recycled paper you still buy the same amount if not more. Nothing is stated about consumption so much as to what you buy and in extension from where. For example, you could buy 3 or four different shades of eco-friendly lipstick and be classified as eco-friendly. However, that' not the case. It is more along the lines of quantity. Whether it is eco-friendly or not buying five shades of lipstick over 1 is not being eco-friendly. The goal is to work more on the quantity part, not the brand, or ingredients in it. Not how it was manufactured or from where. How many are you going to purchase? Purchase the bare essentials. A few companies have stated they have gone eco-friendly by only buying what they need and nothing more. We are in a time where we waste and it needs to stop if we truly want to be eco-friendly and prevent any more damage to climate change. Reflection The author is right on the dot with this report. He clearly defines what has happened, what is happening and what should be happening. The equation for any solution has at least those three variables in it. This solution is both usable for personal and professional use. Before Al Gore's speech "An Inconvenient...
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