...gastric juice that digests proteins such as those in meat, eggs, seeds, or dairy products. Pepsin was first recognized in 1836 by the German physiologist Theodor Schwann. In 1930 it was crystallized and its protein nature established by John H. Northrop of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research. Glands in the mucous-membrane lining of the stomach make and store an inactive protein called pepsinogen. Impulses from the vagus nerve and the hormonal secretions of gastrin and secretin stimulate the release of pepsinogen into the stomach, where it is mixed with hydrochloric acid and rapidly converted to the active enzyme pepsin. The digestive power of pepsin is greatest at the acidity of normal gastric juice (pH 1.5–2.5). In the intestine the gastric acids are neutralized (pH 7), and pepsin is no longer effective. In the digestive tract pepsin effects only partial degradation of proteins into smaller units called peptides, which then either are absorbed from the intestine into the bloodstream or are broken down further by pancreatic enzymes. Small amounts of pepsin pass from the stomach into the bloodstream, where it breaks down some of the larger, or still partially undigested, fragments of protein that may have been absorbed by the small intestine. Pepsin is prepared commercially from swine stomachs. Crude pepsin is used in the leather industry to remove hair and residual tissue from animal hides prior to their being tanned. It is also used in the recovery of silver from discarded...
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...transition zone in southwest Nigeria, to study the effect of poultry manure (PM), NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer and NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer + poultry manure on the growth and yield of tomato. Seven treatments were applied to the soil: 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 t ha-1 poultry manure , 300 kg ha-1 NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer and 150 kg ha-1 NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer + 10 t ha-1 poultry manure. These were laid out in a randomized complete block design and replicated three times. The treatments were compared on the basis of their effect on soil chemical properties, leaf nutrient content, growth and yield of tomato. All levels of poultry manure and NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer + poultry manure increased leaf N, P, K, Ca and Mg levels. The soil chemical properties except pH increased with amount of poultry manure. NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer alone did not increase the soil and leaf Ca and Mg. All levels of poultry manure, NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer alone and NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer + poultry manure increased the number of leaves, plant height, leaf area, number of fruits and fruit weight significantly. Among poultry manure levels, 30 t ha-1 poultry manure gave the highest fruit yield. Among the seven treatments, NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer + poultry manure gave the highest yield. On an average over the two years, 10, 20, 30, 40 t ha-1 poultry manure, 300 kg ha-1 NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer alone...
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...Citibank Rewards Your world of wishes Exclusively for Citibank Rewards Card TD_0077 Citibank Rewards Catalogue Size: H 21.5cm x W 29.7cm (close size) Citibank Rewards Card The Most Rewarding Card! Rewards Everywhere, Every time Earn one Reward Point on every ` 125 spent anywhere on your Citibank Rewards Card. 10X Rewards Everyday Enjoy 10 Times the reward points on spends at Apparel and Department Stores on all days*. Rewards All Year Round! Take advantage of our exciting bonus programs to build your reward points balance faster. Citibank Rewards Privileges Concierge service, Special deals on dining, entertainment and more. We bring to you an exciting Rewards Platform exclusively for your Citibank Rewards Card. To know more about the Citibank Rewards Card, please visit www.citibank.com/india * Conditions Apply Citibank Rewards Card Dear Cardmember At Citibank, we are always looking out for new ways to reward you for using your card. Thus, we are pleased to offer you an exciting Rewards Program exclusively for your Citibank Rewards Card to cater to your wishlist. We bring to you a wide variety of options that will enable you to enjoy a broad range of products and services. Redeem your points for a wide variety of international brands like Adidas, Levi’s, Benetton, Charles and Keith and many more Swipe your card and pay instantly with your Reward Points at Landmark, Shoppers Stop, Fabindia, Ritu Kumar, Nokia and other preferred outlets Enjoy a...
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...European Scientific Journal June 2013 edition vol.9, No.16 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431 THE IMPORTANCE OF MARKETING IN HELPING COMPANIES WITH THEIR GROWTH STRATEGIES: THE CASE OF FOOD INDUSTRY IN KOSOVO Ejup Fejza, Mr.Sc., PhD Candidate Alban Asllani, MSc, PhD Candidate Business and Management Department, Universum College, Kosovo Abstract Marketing is one of the main departments within an organization and its duty is to identify customer needs and wants and to produce or modify products in attempt to respond to market demand. Often it is found that the marketing department will work with the management in order to meet the market demand, create new markets and in many cases satisfy consumers’ wants. It can be considered as the bridge between satisfying consumers and the management in attempt to create profit for the company. The main purpose of the research is to analyze the growth strategies of food producers in Kosovo and to provide clear recommendations for companies in developing their products, penetrate or develop new markets or niches. During the research the paper finds that most of the producers we have analyzed have not yet developed nor established a marketing department, and in many case most of them are missing a marketing or sales personnel. According to our data, only 45% of companies, (thirteen out of thirty, part of this study), have an established marketing department or have hired someone to work as head of marketing. This is a sign that...
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...Chemistry Notes 2010 Core Module 1: Production of Materials Contextual Outline Humans have always exploited their natural environment for all their needs including food, clothing and shelter. As the cultural development of humans continued, they looked for a greater variety of materials to cater for their needs. The twentieth century saw an explosion in both the use of traditional materials and in the research for development of a wider range of materials to satisfy technological developments. Added to this was a reduction in availability of the traditional resources to supply the increasing world population. Chemists and chemical engineers continue to play a pivotal role in the search for new sources of traditional materials such as those from the petrochemical industry. As the fossil organic reserves dwindle, new sources of the organic chemicals presently used have to be found. In addition, chemists are continually searching for compounds to be used in the design and production of new materials to replace those that have been deemed no longer satisfactory for needs. This module increases students’ understanding of the implications of chemistry for society and the environment and the current issues, research and developments in chemistry. 1.1 Construct word and balanced formulae equations of all chemical reactions as they are encountered in this module: • Acid reactions: o acid (aq) + base (aq) salt (aq) + water (l) o acid (aq) + active metal (s) salt (aq) + hydrogen (g)...
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...concerns. It also affirms the utility of the industry value chain framework to manage technological innovations transcending that of a single company, and that strategic innov ation m anag eme nt in global high technology industries incorporates a shared business creation process structure involving as many industry value chain partners as possible. Key words: Global high technology industry networks, strategic innovation manageme nt, TFT L CD industry INTRODUCTION Globalization, de-regulation an d inno vative communication technologies have radically transformed the nature of opportunities and threats confronting corporations in such high technology sectors as the TFT (Thin Film Transistor) LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) industry. While long term m arket su stainab ility is ephemeral, new business creation (based on innovative product development) must be grounded on...
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...CIRDAP The Centre on Integrated Rural Development for Asia and the Pacific (CIRDAP) is a regional, intergovernmental and autonomous institution. It was established in 1979 at the initiative of the countries of the Asia-Pacific region and the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations with support from other UN organisations and donor countries/agencies. The member countries of CIRDAP are: Afghanistan, Bangladesh (host state), Fiji Islands, India, Indonesia, Iran, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Vietnam. The main objectives of the Centre are to: (i) assist national action, (ii) promote regional cooperation, and (iii) act as a servicing institution for its member countries for promotion of integrated rural development through research, action research, training and information dissemination. Amelioration of rural poverty in the Asia-Pacific region has been the prime concern of CIRDAP. The programme priorities of CIRDAP are set under four Areas of Concern: 1) Agrarian development; 2) Institutional/infrastructural development; 3) Resource development including human resources; and 4) Employment. Within these areas of concern, the thematic areas are: Poverty alleviation through participatory approaches with emphasis on social sector development (e.g. health, education and nutrition); Employment generation through microcredit support, infrastructure development and local resource mobilisation;...
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...AACSB Table 10-1: Summary of Faculty Qualifications, Development Activities, and Professional Responsibilities Date Range: January 1, 2007 - August 1, 2012 Accounting: Professor | | | | | | | Five-Year Summary of Development Activities Supporting AQ or PQ Status | | Name | Highest Earned Degree & Year | Date of First Appointment to the School | Percent of Time Dedicated to the School's Mission | Acad Qual | Prof Qual | Other | Intell. Contrib. | Prof. Exper. | Consult. | Prof. Develop. | Other Prof. Activities | NormalProfessionalResponsibilities | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Som Bhattacharya | Ph D, 1994 | | 100.0 | YES | | | 12 (5) | Service: 0Work: 0 | 0 | 0 | Editor/Review: 6Other:13 | UG, GR, RES, SER and ADM | Intellectual Contributions (12) Hopwood, W., Bhattacharya, S., Premuroso, R. (2011). Tasteless Tea Company: A Comprehensive Revenue Transaction Cycle Case Study. Issues in Accounting Education, 26(1), 163-179. Cao, J., Nicolaou, A., Bhattacharya, S. (2010). A Longitudinal Study of market and Firm Level Factors Influencing ERP Systems’ Adoption and Post-Implementation System Enhancement Options. 7th Annual International Conference on Enterprise Systems, Accounting, and Logistics. Rhodos: ICESAL. Behara, R., Bhattacharya, S. (2008). DNA of a successful BPO. Journal of Service Science, 1(1), 111-118. Premuroso, R., Bhattacharya, S. (2008). Do Early Members of XBRL International Signal Superior Corporate Governance and Future...
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...Physical Chemistry Understanding our Chemical World Physical Chemistry Understanding our Chemical World Paul Monk Manchester Metropolitan University, UK Copyright 2004 John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England Telephone (+44) 1243 779777 Email (for orders and customer service enquiries): cs-books@wiley.co.uk Visit our Home Page on www.wileyeurope.com or www.wiley.com All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except under the terms of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP, UK, without the permission in writing of the Publisher. Requests to the Publisher should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England, or emailed to permreq@wiley.co.uk, or faxed to (+44) 1243 770620. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold on the understanding that the Publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. Other Wiley...
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...TABLE OF CONTENT MICROBIAL DETERIORATION OF WOOD AND ITS CONTROL 2 Background 3 1.0 Introduction 4 1.1.1Chemistry of wood 5 1.1.2Extractives 5 1.2Environmental Factors Affecting wood decay 6 2.0 The Role of microorganisms in wood decay 7 3.0 Microbiological degradation of wood 9 3.1 Wood decaying fungi 10 3.1.1 Soft rot 10 3.1.2White rot 13 3.1.3 Bacteria 13 3.2 Mechanism of wood deterioration 14 3.2.1 Degradation of hemicelluloses 15 3.2.2 Degradation of lignin 16 3.2.3 Cellulose degradation 16 4.0CASE STUDY 19 5.0 Control of wood deterioration 21 5.1 CONCLUSION 24 REFERENCE 25 MICROBIAL DETERIORATION OF WOOD AND ITS CONTROL BY AGWULONU JOSEPH SU11311020 DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY COLLEGE OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES SALEM UNIVERSITY LOKOJA, KOGI STATE. Background Wood is a hard, fibrous structural tissue found in the stems and roots of trees and other woody plants. It has been used for thousands of years for both fuel and as a construction material. It is an organic material, a natural composite of cellulose fibers (which are strong in tension) embedded in a matrix of lignin which resists compression. Wood is sometimes defined as only the secondary xylem in the stems of trees, or it is defined more broadly to include the same type of tissue elsewhere such as in the roots of trees or shrubs. In a living tree it performs a support function, enabling woody plants to grow large or to stand up by them. It also mediates the transfer of water and nutrients to the...
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...Abstract Exposure to high levels of air pollution can cause a variety of adverse health outcomes. Air quality in developed countries has been generally improved over the last three decades. However, many recent epidemiological studies have consistently shown positive associations between low-level exposure to air pollution and health outcomes. Thus, adverse health effects of air pollution, even at relatively low levels, remain a public concern. This paper aims to provide an overview of recent research development and contemporary methodological challenges in this field and to identify future research directions for air pollution epidemiological studies. Introduction It is well known that exposure to high levels of air pollution can adversely affect human health. A number of air pollution catastrophes occurred in industrial countries between 1950s and 1970s, such as the London smog of 1952 [1]. Air quality in western countries has significantly improved since the 1970s. However, adverse health effects of exposure to relatively low level of air pollution remain a public concern, motivated largely by a number of recent epidemiological studies that have shown the positive associations between air pollution and health outcomes using sophisticated time-series and other designs [2]. This review highlights the key findings from major epidemiological study designs (including time-series, case-crossover, panel, cohort, and birth outcome studies) in estimating the associations of exposure...
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...INSTRUCTOR GUIDE Human Anatomy & Physiology Laboratory Manual MAIN VERSION, Eighth Edition Update CAT VERSION, Ninth Edition Update FETAL PIG VERSION, Ninth Edition Update ELAINE N. MARIEB, R.N., Ph.D Holyoke Community College SUSAN T. BAXLEY, M.A. Troy University, Montgomery Campus NANCY G. KINCAID, Ph.D Troy University, Montgomery Campus PhysioEx™ Exercises authored by Peter Z. Zao, North Idaho College Timothy Stabler, Indiana University Northwest Lori Smith, American River College Greta Peterson, Middlesex Community College Andrew Lokuta, University of Wisconsin—Madison San Francisco • Boston • New York Cape Town • Hong Kong • London • Madrid • Mexico City Montreal • Munich • Paris • Singapore • Sydney • Tokyo • Toronto Editor-in-Chief: Serina Beauparlant Project Editor: Sabrina Larson PhysioEx Project Editor: Erik Fortier Editorial Assistant: Nicole Graziano Managing Editor: Wendy Earl Production Editor: Leslie Austin Composition: Cecelia G. Morales Cover Design: Riezebos Holzbaur Design Group Senior Manufacturing Buyer: Stacey Weinberger Marketing Manager: Gordon Lee Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings, 1301 Sansome St., San Francisco, CA 94111. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means...
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...Introduction Ruminants, classified in the order Arteriodactyla and suborder ruminantia, are very important domesticated animals for the human society. Approximately 155 species of ruminants can be found around the globe but only about 6 of them are domesticated, cattle, sheep, goats, buffaloes, reindeer and yaks (Van Soest, 1994). Ruminants are different from all other mammals because of its digestive anatomy composed by four stomach compartments (reticulum, rumen, omasum and abomasum). Another unique characteristic is the interaction between animals, plant and microorganisms present inside the gastrointestinal tract resulting in a symbiotic relationship through gastro-enteric microbial fermentation. Plants consumed by ruminants are utilized as substrates by the microorganisms and the products from fermentation and microorganisms provide energy and protein to the host animal. Animal products such as milk and meat have always been an important component of human diets, therefore technologies to enhance production efficiency and increase economic return for producers are important. Ruminant nutrition research has focused on strategies to improve animal growth performance and carcass quality. Different feed additives and mineral supplementation strategies have been used to influence several characteristics on ruminants and some are used to modify growth. Ractopamine Hydrochloride is one of them, and consists of a metabolic growth modifier used to increase animal performance and...
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...Growing Vegetables & Useful UAE Climate Information Compiled by: Saqer Bin Zayed Al Nehayyan Growing Vegetables & UAE Climate Information 2007 Index Temperature conversion chart ................................................................ 4 Average Temperature Conditions........................................................... 4 UAE Vegetables Growing Calendar ........................................................ 5 Measurement and Conversions ............................................................... 8 Winds in UAE ....................................................................................................17 Greenhouse Introduction ..........................................................................22 Vegetables A to Z ...........................................................................................23 Nursery management in vegetable crops By: Rajinder Kumar Dhall and J.S. Hundal.......................................................................................................25 Raised Bed Gardening .................................................................................26 Hydroponic production ...............................................................................29 Shade Tolerant Vegetables (and Fruits)............................................39 A veggie for all seasons..............................................................................40 Cool Season Vegetables ................
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...COMMON PROSPECTUS Master’s Degree Bachelor’s Degree Diplomas Certificates Indira Gandhi National Open University Maidan Garhi, New Delhi-110068, INDIA | www.ignou.ac.in Price: Rs. 100/- by cash at the counter | Rs. 150/- by Registered Post Electronic version of the prospectus is available for download at: http://www.ignou.ac.in Online Admission & Payment Gateway RECOGNITION IGNOU is a CENTRAL UNIVERSITY established by an Act of Parliament in 1985 (Act No. 50 of 1985). IGNOU Degrees/Diplomas/Certificates are recognised by all the member institutions of the Association of Indian Universities (AIU) and are at par with Degrees/Diplomas/Certificates of all Indian Universities/Deemed Universities/Institutions. Prepared & vetted at: Student Registration Division © Indira Gandhi National Open University March 2012 Print Production Mr B. Natarajan, DR(P) Mr Arvind Kumar, AR(P) Mr Ajit Kumar, So(P) IGNOU Offers “Round the Year Admission” to its Programmes under the ‘Walk-in-Admission’ Scheme. Candidates can obtain admission application forms from Regional Centre, Student Registration Divisions (SRD), IGNOU Headquarters and also can download the Prospectus and application form from the university website at ww.ignou.ac.in. Candidates can submit the same only at the Regional Centres concerned either by post or in person. Application forms can be submitted online and programme fee can be paid online through the internet payment gateway. CUT OFF DATES FOR WALK-IN-ADMISSION: Please...
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