...Revised January 2016 Subject to Change Advanced Placement Examination Credit In order to receive credit for your AP exam scores, please request an official score report to be sent electronically from the College Board. You can request a score report to be sent by contacting the College Board at 1.888.308.0013 or by visiting www.collegeboard.com. AP score reports are sent to OHIO throughout the year. For a complete list of course names and descriptions, please visit Ohio University’s online catalog and search under courses. The catalog can be found at: www.catalogs.ohio.edu AP SUBJECT SCORE OHIO UNIVERSITY EQUIVALENCY SEMESTER HOURS AP SUBJECT SCORE OHIO UNIVERSITY EQUIVALENCY SEMESTER HOURS Art History (13) (ARH) 3 AH 2110 4 Comp Government & Politics (58) (GPC) 3 POLS 2300 3 4 AH 2110, AH 2120 8 4 POLS 2300 3 5 AH 2110, AH 2120 8 5 POLS 2300 3 Art Studio: 2-D Design (15) (ASG)* 3 ART 1XXL 3 Computer Science A (31) (CSA) 3 CS 2400 4 4 ART 1XXL 3 4 CS 2400 4 5 ART 1XXL 3 5 CS 2400 4 Art Studio: 3-D Design (16) (ART3D)* 3 ART 1XXL 3 Computer Science AB (33) (CSAB) 3 CS 2400 4 4 ART 1XXL 3 4 CS 2400 4 5 ART 1XXL 3 5 CS 2400 4 Art Studio: Drawing (14) (ASD)* 3 ART 1XXL...
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...astro-ph/0301505 UMN–TH–2127/03 TPI–MINN–03/02 January 2003 arXiv:astro-ph/0301505v2 25 Jan 2003 TASI LECTURES ON DARK MATTER∗ KEITH A. OLIVE† William I. Fine Theoretical Physics Institute, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA E-mail: olive@umn.edu Observational evidence and theoretical motivation for dark matter are presented and connections to the CMB and BBN are made. Problems for baryonic and neutrino dark matter are summarized. Emphasis is placed on the prospects for supersymmetric dark matter. 1. Lecture 1 The nature and identity of the dark matter of the Universe is one of the most challenging problems facing modern cosmology. The problem is a long-standing one, going back to early observations of mass-to-light ratios by Zwicky1 . Given the distribution (by number) of galaxies with total luminosity L, φ(L), one can compute the mean luminosity density of galaxies L= which is determined to be2 L ≃ 2 ± 0.2 × 108 ho L⊙ M pc−3 (2) Lφ(L)dL (1) where L⊙ = 3.8 × 1033 erg s−1 is the solar luminosity. In the absence of a cosmological constant, one can define a critical energy density, ρc = 3H 2 /8πGN = 1.88 × 10−29 ho 2 g cm−3 , such that ρ = ρc for three-space curvature k = 0, where the present value of the Hubble parameter has been defined by Ho = 100ho km Mpc−1 s−1 . We can now define a critical mass-to-light ratio is given by (M/L)c = ρc /L ≃ 1390ho(M⊙ /L⊙ ) (3) ∗ Summary of lectures given at the Theoretical Advanced...
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...of 802.11 Authentication Methods ▪ WEP ▪ Overview ▪ Key Hierarchy ▪ Encryption/Decryption ▪ WPA ▪ Overview ▪ Key Hierarchy ▪ Encryption/Decryption ▪ WPA2 ▪ Overview ▪ Encryption/Decryption Summary Question and Answer Defense Strategies Monitoring In order to cover the largest amount of information we are going to have make some assumptions: You have a general understanding of the TCP/IP protocol suite ▪ Primarily layers 2 – 3 You have a general understanding of protocol basics You have a general understanding of how Radio Frequency (RF) works Borne out of the IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee (LMSC) Part11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications standard Drop in replacement for Ethernet (802.3) Upper layer protocols should be none the wiser This seamless integration comes at a stiff price – under the hood complexity DSSS Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum 2.4GHz ISM Band ▪ Industrial / Instrumentation, Scientific, Medical (ISM) ▪ 2.400GHz – 2.4835GHz ▪ 14 channels or frequency divisions ▪ 1 – 11 used in the United States 1000mW power maximum ▪ Most devices are 30mW – 100mW CSMA/CA LBT (Listen Before Talk) Exponential back off and retry Collision avoidance via physical carrier sense and Network Allocation Vector ▪ Network Allocation Vector (NAV) ▪ Virtual Carrier Sense ▪ Limits the need for physical carrier sensing of...
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...Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 2000. 32:445–476 Copyright ᭧ 2000 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved SONOLUMINESCENCE: How Bubbles Turn Sound into Light S. J. Putterman and K. R. Weninger Physics Department, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095; e-mail: putterman@physics.ucla.edu Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 2000.32:445-476. Downloaded from arjournals.annualreviews.org by NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY on 08/14/09. For personal use only. Key Words energy focusing, nonlinear dynamics, complexity, hydrodynamics gas bubble, continuum mechanics, shock shape instabilities, chemical hydrodynamics Abstract Sonoluminescence, the transduction of sound into light, is a phenomenon that pushes fluid mechanics beyond its limit. An initial state with long wavelength and low Mach number, such as is realized for a gas bubble driven by an audible sound field, spontaneously focuses the energy density so as to generate supersonic motion and a different phase of matter, from which are then emitted picosecond flashes of broad-band UV light. Although the most rational picture of sonoluminescence involves the creation of a ‘‘cold’’ dense plasma by an imploding shock wave, neither the imploding shock nor the plasma has been directly observed. Attempts to attack sonoluminescence from the perspective of continuum mechanics have led to interesting issues related to bubble shape oscillations, shock shape instabilities, and shock propagation through nonideal media, and chemical hydrodynamics. The...
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...1 1 Fundamentals of Semiconductor Electrochemistry and Photoelectrochemistry Krishnan Rajeshwar The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3.1 1.3.2 1.3.3 1.3.4 1.4 1.4.1 1.4.2 1.4.3 1.5 1.5.1 1.5.2 1.5.3 1.5.4 1.5.5 1.6 1.7 1.7.1 1.7.2 1.7.3 1.7.4 1.7.5 Introduction and Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electron Energy Levels in Semiconductors and Energy Band Model . The Semiconductor–Electrolyte Interface at Equilibrium . . . . . . . . The Equilibration Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Depletion Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mapping of the Semiconductor Band-edge Positions Relative to Solution Redox Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Surface States and Other Complications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Charge Transfer Processes in the Dark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current-potential Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dark Processes Mediated by Surface States or by Space Charge Layer Recombination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rate-limiting Steps in Charge Transfer Processes in the Dark . . . . . Light Absorption by the Semiconductor Electrode and Carrier Collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Light Absorption...
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...Journal of Alloys and Compounds 521 (2012) 83–89 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Journal of Alloys and Compounds journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jallcom Nanostructured hybrid cobalt oxide/copper electrodes of lithium-ion batteries with reversible high-rate capabilities Yue Qi, Ning Du ∗ , Hui Zhang, Jiazheng Wang, Yang Yang, Deren Yang State Key Lab of Silicon Materials and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 29 October 2011 Received in revised form 5 January 2012 Accepted 7 January 2012 Available online 16 January 2012 Keywords: Cobalt oxide Cu nanorod arrays Electrodeposition Rf-sputtering Anode Lithium-ion batteries a b s t r a c t We report the synthesis of nanostructured hybrid CoO/Cu electrodes through electrodeposition and sputtering. When applied as the anodes for lithium-ion batteries, the CoO/Cu nanowire arrays deliver long cycle life and enhanced power performance than CoO/Cu films. The large accessible surface area and improved electronic/ionic conductivity of the nanostructured electrodes may be responsible for the improved performance. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries are currently the dominant power source for portable electronic devices due to their highest energy density among commercial rechargeable batteries...
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...Bab 1 Pendahuluan Eksistensi neutrino dihipotesakan pertama kali oleh Wolfgang Pauli pada tahun 1930. Hingga saat ini, neutrino merupakan salah satu partikel dasar di alam semesta yang paling banyak menimbulkan perdebatan di kalangan fisikawan. Neutrino bersama elektron (e), muon (µ), dan tau (τ ) disebut lepton. Lepton bersama enam jenis partikel quark adalah pembentuk dasar semua benda di alam semesta. Neutrino pertama kali dideteksi secara eksperimental pada tahun 1956 dalam bentuk anti-partikel dan kemudian diketahui ada tiga rasa (flavor) neutrino, yakni neutrino elektron (νe ), neutrino muon (νµ ), neutrino tau (ντ )[1]. Saat ini diketahui bahwa neutrino muncul pertama kali sekitar 15 milyar tahun yang lalu, segera setelah kelahiran alam semesta. Sejak saat itu, alam semesta terus mengembang, mendingin dan neutrino telah mengembara ke mana-mana. Secara teoritis, neutrino sekarang banyak terdapat pada radiasi latar belakang kosmis[1]. Jadi usaha untuk menyingkap misteri tentang sifat-sifat neutrino penting untuk lebih mengenal perilaku alam semesta. Dalam bidang astrofisika, interaksi neutrino dengan materi termampatkan (dense matter) berperan cukup penting misalnya pada teori pembentukan supernova dan bintang neutron muda yang mendingin[2, 3, 4]. Karena penampang lintang hamburan neutrino-elektron sangat kecil, maka di medium neutrino-neutrino tersebut dapat lewat dengan mudah. Ini menyebabkan tetap terjadinya kejutankejutan dalam pembentukan supernova[2, 5, 6]. Hamburan neutrino...
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...2014-2015 Undergraduate Academic Calendar and Course Catalogue Published June 2014 The information contained within this document was accurate at the time of publication indicated above and is subject to change. Please consult your faculty or the Registrar’s office if you require clarification regarding the contents of this document. Note: Program map information located in the faculty sections of this document are relevant to students beginning their studies in 2014-2015, students commencing their UOIT studies during a different academic year should consult their faculty to ensure they are following the correct program map. i Message from President Tim McTiernan I am delighted to welcome you to the University of Ontario Institute of Technology (UOIT), one of Canada’s most modern and dynamic university communities. We are a university that lives by three words: challenge, innovate and connect. You have chosen a university known for how it helps students meet the challenges of the future. We have created a leading-edge, technology-enriched learning environment. We have invested in state-of-the-art research and teaching facilities. We have developed industry-ready programs that align with the university’s visionary research portfolio. UOIT is known for its innovative approaches to learning. In many cases, our undergraduate and graduate students are working alongside their professors on research projects and gaining valuable hands-on learning, which we believe is integral...
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...Abstract Because of its high strength to weight ratio aluminium alloys are in great demand and extensively being used in aerospace industires. The addition of alloying elements such as silicon along with other minor elements increases its mechanical strength. In this study we evaluate the effect on casting quality of an ultrasonic method for treating the melt. An experimental set up was built for the degassing of hydrogen and other inclusions from aluminium melt. First an impeller is rotated in an inert gas environment to draw out hydrogen bubbles by increasing the surface area to volume ratio. Then using ultrasonic vibrations at a frequency of 20 kHz and power of 1.5 kW, cavitation bubbles induces dispersion and degassing action. Analysis of microstructure and mechanical properties was done using SEM (scanning electrom microscopy) and brinnels test. Various relationships such as the melt temperature, volume melt, grain size and their effects on degassing efficiency have also been established. Origin Of The Problem Porosity is as serious issue in casting process. It’s an unavoidable defect, that no matter, how many precautions are taken, the slightest of the traces will still be left. The defects not only leave the surface uneven but also have adverese effect on the strength of the material. Gas porosity which mainly takes place due to entrapment of small air bubbles (the main being Hydrogen gas). Scientists and the expermentalists have been looking for the best of the methods...
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...OFFICIAL CATALOG This Catalog contains information, policies, procedures, regulations and requirements that were correct at the time of publication and are subject to the terms and conditions of the Enrollment Agreement entered into between the Student and ECPI University. In keeping with the educational mission of the University, the information, policies, procedures, regulations and requirements contained herein are continually being reviewed, changed and updated. Consequently, this document cannot be considered binding. Students are responsible for keeping informed of official policies and meeting all relevant requirements. When required changes to the Catalog occur, they will be communicated through catalog inserts and other means until a revised edition of the Catalog is published. The policies in this Catalog have been approved under the authority of the ECPI University Board of Trustees and, therefore, constitute official University policy. Students should become familiar with the policies in this Catalog. These policies outline both student rights and student responsibilities. The University reserves the right and authority at any time to alter any or all of the statements contained herein, to modify the requirements for admission and graduation, to change or discontinue programs of study, to amend any regulation or policy affecting the student body, to increase tuition and fees, to deny admission, to revoke an offer of admission and to dismiss from the...
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...Advanced Source/Drain Technologies for Nanoscale CMOS by Pankaj Kalra B. Tech. (Banaras Hindu University) 2003 A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering – Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences in the GRADUATE DIVISION of the UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY Committee in charge: Professor Tsu-Jae King Liu, Chair Professor Chenming Hu Professor Eugene E. Haller Fall 2008 The dissertation of Pankaj Kalra is approved: Professor Tsu-Jae King Liu, Chair Date Professor Chenming Hu Date Professor Eugene E. Haller Date University of California, Berkeley Fall 2008 Advanced Source/Drain Technologies for Nanoscale CMOS Copyright © 2008 by Pankaj Kalra Abstract Advanced Source/Drain Technologies for Nanoscale CMOS by Pankaj Kalra Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering – Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California, Berkeley Professor Tsu-Jae King Liu, Chair Transistor scaling has been the driving force for technology advancements in the semiconductor industry over the last few decades. In order to mitigate short channel effects, the gate-oxide thickness and source/drain junction depth have been scaled along with the gate length. Recently, however, gate-oxide thickness scaling has slowed, as evidenced by the fact that an equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) of ~1 nm has been used for the past 2-3 generations of CMOS technology. Although...
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...Pyxplot Users’ Guide A Scientific Scripting Language, Graph Plotting Suite and Vector Graphics Toolkit. Version 0.9.2 d sin θ = nλ ∇ · D = ρfree ¨ ∇ × E = − ∂B q(t) = − RR ∂t ˙ R2 ds2 = 1 − 2GM rc2 ∇·B =0 dL = dt2 xa + Γa xb xc = 0 ¨ bc ˙ ˙ ∇ × H =1 Jfree − ∂D ∂t L 4πF 2 H(t) = ˙ R R h ¯ 2 ∂2ψ 2m ∂x2 + V ψ = Eψ ∆φ Lead Developer: Dominic Ford Lead Tester: Ross Church Email: coders@pyxplot.org.uk This manual is also available in HTML, at http://www.pyxplot.org.uk/0.9/doc/html/ September 2012 Contents I 1 Introduction to Pyxplot Introduction 1.1 What is Pyxplot? . . . . . . 1.2 Compatibility with gnuplot . 1.3 The structure of this manual 1.4 An introductory tour . . . . 1.5 License . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6 Spelling conventions . . . . . 1.7 Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3 3 4 4 4 9 10 10 11 11 11 12 13 13 14 15 15 16 18 20 20 22 23 24 25 27 27 28 28 29 30 30 31 34 2 Installation 2.1 Installation within Linux distributions . . . . 2.2 System requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.1 Dependencies in Debian and Ubuntu 2.2.2 Dependencies in MacOS . . . . . . . 2.3 Installation from source archive . . . . . . . . 2.3.1 System-wide installation . . ...
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...—————————————————————————— Bureau International des Poids et Mesures The International System of Units (SI) 8th edition 2006 —————————————————— Organisation Intergouvernementale de la Convention du Mètre 94 Note on the use of the English text To make its work more widely accessible, the International Committee for Weights and Measures has decided to publish an English version of its reports. Readers should note that the official record is always that of the French text. This must be used when an authoritative reference is required or when there is doubt about the interpretation of the text. Translations, complete or partial, of this brochure (or of its earlier editions) have been published in various languages, notably in Bulgarian, Chinese, Czech, English, German, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Romanian, and Spanish. The ISO and numerous countries have also published standards and guides to the use of SI units. 95 The BIPM and the Metre Convention The International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) was set up by the Metre Convention signed in Paris on 20 May 1875 by seventeen States during the final session of the diplomatic Conference of the Metre. This Convention was amended in 1921. The BIPM has its headquarters near Paris, in the grounds (43 520 m2) of the Pavillon de Breteuil (Parc de Saint-Cloud) placed at its disposal by the French Government; its upkeep is financed jointly by the Member States of the Metre Convention. The task of...
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...GNU Scientific Library Reference Manual Edition 1.14, for GSL Version 1.14 4 March 2010 Mark Galassi Los Alamos National Laboratory Jim Davies Department of Computer Science, Georgia Institute of Technology James Theiler Astrophysics and Radiation Measurements Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory Brian Gough Network Theory Limited Gerard Jungman Theoretical Astrophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory Patrick Alken Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder Michael Booth Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University Fabrice Rossi University of Paris-Dauphine Copyright c 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 The GSL Team. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the Invariant Sections being “GNU General Public License” and “Free Software Needs Free Documentation”, the Front-Cover text being “A GNU Manual”, and with the Back-Cover Text being (a) (see below). A copy of the license is included in the section entitled “GNU Free Documentation License”. (a) The Back-Cover Text is: “You have the freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual.” Printed copies of this manual can be purchased from Network Theory Ltd at http://www.network-theory.co.uk/gsl/manual/. The money raised from sales of the manual...
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...Physical Chemistry Understanding our Chemical World Physical Chemistry Understanding our Chemical World Paul Monk Manchester Metropolitan University, UK Copyright 2004 John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England Telephone (+44) 1243 779777 Email (for orders and customer service enquiries): cs-books@wiley.co.uk Visit our Home Page on www.wileyeurope.com or www.wiley.com All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except under the terms of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP, UK, without the permission in writing of the Publisher. Requests to the Publisher should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England, or emailed to permreq@wiley.co.uk, or faxed to (+44) 1243 770620. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold on the understanding that the Publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. Other Wiley...
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