...Activity 1: Assignment 1. Voice vs. Data * Cell phones: is a phone that can make and receive telephone calls over a radio link while moving around in a wide geographic area. It does so by connecting to a cellular network provider by a mobile phone operator, allowing access to the public telephone network. * Landline phones: (also known as home phone, fixed-line, and wire line) refers to a phone that uses a solid medium telephone line such as a metal wire or fiber optic cable for transmission as distinguished from a mobile cellular line, which uses radio waves for transmission. * SMS / Text Messaging: is a text messaging service component of phone, Web, or mobile communication systems. It uses standardized communications protocols to allow fixed line or mobile phone devices to exchange short text messages. * Fax Machines: it’s a telephonic transmission of scanned printed material, normally to a telephone number connected to a printer or other output device. The original document is scanned with a fax machine, which processes the contents as a single fixed graphic image, converting it into a bitmap, and then transmitting it through the telephone system. * Pagers: is a wireless telecommunications device that receives and displays numeric or text messages, or receives and announces voice messages. One-way pagers can only receive messages, while response pagers and two-way pagers can also acknowledge, reply to, and originate messages using an internal...
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...Constructing a new Structure- Building Codes The information in this document should be useful in making design-related decisions that will not only satisfy the move to our new building Information Technology (IT) requirements but also meet the needs of the building and its future occupants with respect to voice, video and data communications. The intention of this document is to provide a comprehensive understanding and reference guide that can be referred to when moving to our new building. Moving into our new building we need to follow certain cable codes and specification. A properly designed network is based around components or wiring units. The components should also follow certain performance specifications so that when installing we will know exactly what types of applications will be supported. The cable specifications and building codes requirements that we use will be based on * ANSI/EIA/TIA standards 568-C-- Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling Standard * ANSI/EIA/TIA 569-- Commercial Building Standards for Telecommunications Pathways and Spaces; ANSI/EIA/TIA 606- Administration Standard for the Telecommunications Infrastructure of Commercial Buildings * ANSI/EIA/TIA 607-Commercial Building Grounding and Bonding Requirements for Telecommunications; BICSI Telecommunications Distribution Methods Manual (TDMM) and NFPA 70--National Electric Code (NEC). Cabling has changed over time. Cabling installations have evolved from proprietary systems...
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...In putting in a network there are many aspects to consider such as the Topology or design, what type of hardware to be used, and types of cabling. Copper cables are the norm when it comes to building and network and widely used in our communications of today. Copper has been used in electric wiring since the invention of the electromagnet. Copper and its alloys are also used in buildings is the most important market for the copper industry. The inherent strength, hardness, and flexibility of copper building wire make it very easy to work with. Its flexibility makes it easy to join, while its hardness helps keep connection securely in place. There`s also another type of cabling you can use and its Fiber optic cabling which is becoming more in use in communication. Unlike copper fiber uses optical fiber elements which are typically individually coated with plastic layers and is contained in a protective tube suitable for the environment. Optical fibers are inherently very strong, but is drastically reduced by unavoidable microscopic surface flaws inherent in the manufacturing process. The strength of fiber as well with its change in time, are to be considered relative to the stress impose in today environment. Its benefits out way those of copper, fiber is relative to the stress imposed during handling, cabling, and installation for the set environment. Its signal strength is stronger and faster than copper, and it is not compromised by EMI (electric magnetic interference)...
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...NT1310, Physical Networking Activity 1 – Data on Fixed Line vs. Cellular Device Nick Conforti Mr. Hafet 09/15/2014 There are two main types of broadband connection, a fixed line or its mobile alternative. Both have their strengths and potential weaknesses so you need to consider what suits your needs before you sign up on a lengthy contract. Fixed line broadband is what most people have at home. It's a fast internet connection delivered by telephone wire (ADSL) or fiber optic cable. As the latter is now capable of speeds in excess of 100Mb, an increasing number of British homes have "superfast". Mobile broadband uses the same technology as mobile phones to give you internet access wherever you go with your laptop, netbook, tablet or iPad. It's slower and usually comes with a relatively low download limit, but allows you greater flexibility away from home. The Pros of having a mobile broadband is that you can take your broadband wherever you go - A mobile broadband connection is exactly that, which means that you can access your emails, check the sports results or watch YouTube videos no matter where you are, provided you have 3G receptions. Stop paying for line rental - Millions of people continue to pay for line rental on a home phone landline that they rarely use, just so that they can get broadband at home, with mobile broadband, there's no need to pay line rental - potentially saving you over $100 a year. The Cons of have a mobile broadband is Low download...
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...Cellular phones use both voice and data communication. Until recently voice has been more common for obvious reasons, but data has surpassed it due to the large number of applications that our phones now use. Landline phones also use both as your voice is sent through the line like a data packet. This can have an effect on the quality depending on your phone type as it may drop these, leading to issues with call quality. Texting and SMS are both forms of data transfer, not using voice at all. They operate by sending small packets of data usually restricted to a certain number of characters to other devices. Fax machines use data transfer, not using voice. Using an analogue signal they digitize work as soon as they receive it. Pagers utilize data to receive messages or notices. They respond by usually giving off a tone or vibrating to get the user’s attention, and then displaying a message. VOIP phones use both voice and data to operate. The voice is turned into a data packet and sent down the line through the network or internet. This allows it to call normal phones, as well as other computers. Skype and Facetime use both voice and data in much the same way as a VOIP phone, except they also pack up video footage and send it alongside the audio. These can contact other devices capable of running the program, and must have internet connection to do so....
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...Cell Phones: When cellular phones first came about they were all voice transmitting information in an analog format, similar to a fixed-line telephone. (Andrew Oliviero, 2012) Once the second generation of cell phones was introduced in the late 90s early millennium the transmission shifted from analog to digital. Aside from using voice, they introduced data which allows you to text or send an MSM to another person without actually talking. Think of using AOL or MSN messenger back in the day on your computer except through your cell phone. Now we are up to 4G which allows more data, applications, and a stronger connection. A minicomputer in your pocket that allows you to talk, text, play games, email, GPS, varies applications such as counting your calorie intake for you. Fax Machine: Fax machines use voice to transfer data. The fax would be connected to a Voice over IP line if it could, but that specific data transfer was not designed to carry fax, therefor fax over VoIP is not reliable. You would lose data packets because UDP would simply ignore it, and VoIP uses UDP packets to send voice data to the phone line. Pagers: In the beginning pagers only used the data networks sending just numbers from the control system to the devices. Then over time the pagers systems changed by using both voice and data network with sending voice messages to the pagers. Each station covers a wide area range from 15 to 30 miles. The page is transmitted over RF by the transmitter. Different...
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...Nancy Green Physical networking Week one Exercise You are an IT Network Specialist and are required to develop the design of the company’s telephone system for its new building which will begin construction in a few months. In order to get a background which will help when developing the new system, your supervisor asked you to research the current Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) currently used by the company. You must research the system components and report back to your supervisor, the Telecommunications Manager, within a week. 1. Describe a local land line phone system based on the following Landline Telephone Components: a. Local Loop- The physical link or circuit that connects from the demarcation point of the customer premises to the edge of the common carrier or telecommunications service provider’s network. b. Central Office- A telecommunications system used in the public switched telephone network or in large enterprises. c. Local Exchanges- The term for a public telephone company in the U.S. that provides local services. d. POP- Post Office Protocol e. Long Distance System- A telephone call made outside a defined local area, usually to another city f. Fixed Line- A phone that uses a metal wire telephone for transmission as distinguished from a mobile cellular line, which uses radio waves for transmission 2. Define and describe the following Telecommunications Network Components: a. Cellular Telephones- wireless telephones that are served...
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...NT1310 Physical Networking Unit 2: Assignments and Homework Lab 1: Cloud Computing Research Amazon: Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) is a web service that provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud. It is designed to make web-scale computing easier for developers. Amazon EC2’s simple web service interface allows you to obtain and configure capacity with minimal friction. It provides you with complete control of your computing resources and lets you run on Amazon’s proven computing environment. Amazon EC2 reduces the time required to obtain and boot new server instances to minutes, allowing you to quickly scale capacity, both up and down, as your computing requirements change. Amazon EC2 changes the economics of computing by allowing you to pay only for capacity that you actually use. Amazon EC2 provides developers the tools to build failure resilient applications and isolate themselves from common failure scenarios. Cost - Inexpensive – Amazon EC2 passes on to you the financial benefits of Amazon’s scale. You pay a very low rate for the compute capacity you actually consume. See Amazon EC2 Instance Purchasing Options for a more detailed description. Amazon EC2 Instance Purchasing Options In addition to providing the flexibility to easily choose the number, the size and the configuration of the compute instances you need for your application, Amazon EC2 provides customers three different purchasing models that give you the flexibility to optimize...
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...Physical Networking Unit 2 Assignment 1. The American National Standards Institute is a private non-profit organization that oversees the development of voluntary consensus standards for products, services, processes, systems, and personnel in the United States. The organization also coordinates U.S. standards with international standards so that American products can be used worldwide. For example, standards ensure that people who own cameras can find the film they need for that camera anywhere around the globe. ANSI accredits standards that are developed by representatives of standards developing organizations, government agencies, consumer groups, companies, and others. These standards ensure that the characteristics and performance of products are consistent, that people use the same definitions and terms, and that products are tested the same way. ANSI also accredits organizations that carry out product or personnel certification in accordance with requirements defined in international standards. 2. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE, read I-Triple-E) is a non-profit professional association headquartered in New York City that is dedicated to advancing technological innovation and excellence. It has more than 400,000 members in more than 160 countries, about 51.4% of whom reside in the United States. IEEE is one of the leading standards-making organizations in the world. IEEE performs its standards making and maintaining functions through the...
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...simultaneously). 6. Full- Duplex- system, or sometimes called double-duplex, allows communication in both directions, and, unlike half-duplex, allows this to happen simultaneously. 7. Photodiode- is a type of photo detector capable of converting light into either current or voltage, depending upon the mode of operation. 8. Amplitude Modulation- is a modulation technique used in electronic communication, most commonly for transmitting information via a radio carrier wave. 9. Analog Transmission- is a transmission method of conveying voice, data, image, signal or video information using a continuous signal which varies in amplitude, phase, or some other property in proportion to that of a variable. 10. Digital Transmission- is the physical transfer of data (a digital bit stream) over a point-to-point or point-to-multipoint communication channel. 11. Sample Rate- defines the number of samples per unit of time (usually seconds) taken from a continuous signal to make a discrete signal. 12. Electromagnetic Wave- is a form of radiant energy, propagating through space via photon wave particles. 13. Refraction- is the change in direction of a wave due to a change in its transmission medium. 14. Medium- is the part of the medium frequency...
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...Gino’s cable company is announcing their new triple play package during the holidays. From the 15 of December to January 1st this awesome package is being offered at 50 percent off at 29.99 for the first 3 months. The package includes calling to land-line phones to over 45 different countries worldwide for as little as one penny per minute. Also this new offer includes Digital TV, Internet and unlimited nation-wide phone. Finally you can customize you triple play package to suit your needs with in-language programing for Hispanics, Asian, West Indian, Russian and other multicultural segments. Customers can enjoy the freedom of landline calls to almost anywhere in the world more often and longer at a low cost. Also with lightning fast internet speeds with high-speed data and voice services you can surf the internet, upload and download information at half the time as other service providers. Gino’s cable company provides services to more than 20 million customers to include your basic home package to businesses and organizations. From communicating with your family or to communicating for your company Gino’s cable company is the way to go. The company guarantees their service 100 percent, so if any consumer feels otherwise we will terminate any plan for free at no cost to the consumer. Gino’s cable company has a vast infrastructure of networks, servers, towers, cabling, and access points that provide an area of coverage that contains the entire United States. With thousands...
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...Data on Fixed Line vs. Cellular Debate There are many benefits to both a fixed line network and a purely cellular network. Depending on what you need your network to do or don’t do it would be very important to explore both options. While cell phones, Ipads and tablets seem to run the world now many businesses and homes need and still use fixed line networks. This essay will highlight the pros and cons of having a purely cellular network vs. having a purely fixed line network. Although we as a people could not imagine life without our cell phones or laptops, fixed line networks were the standard up until cellular phones were introduced. “Fixed lines are in every home and building today so everyone has the ability to have a telephone and data service. To receive or transmit data over the fixed line a modem is needed on each end of the line. The modem takes the digital information and turns it into tones that have been specifically selected for the transmission over telephone network. The modem at the other end is responsible for turning the tones back into digital data. Data rates were limited until digital subscriber line (DSL) was introduced. DSL used the existing analog phone line so there was no need for new equipment other than modems that convert digital data into high-frequency tones along with a filter at the users end to keep DSL transmission from being heard on the telephone.” The pros to having a fixed line network is that it is a lot cheaper. ...
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...Hospital Networking Project (Week 3) University of Phoenix CMGT 554/IT INFRASTRUCTURE Patton-Fuller Community Hospital Networking Project Today most new building construction is built with new technology and is not as much concerned with the type of budgets that a hospital muse consider in order to redesign a whole new network structure for the purpose of being more optimal and maintaining standards that keep up with advances in new technology. In most cases, a hospital’s network can transition over time with new technology and evolve into meeting the demands it requires to perform effectively. However, upgrading a hospital’s entire network can often be very expensive to implement and sustain. There may be a case where components or parts are no longer being produced to meet current and future demands. In the last several years, changes in healthcare put a demand on hospitals to maintain their networks with new, more efficient solutions that can enhance performance, keep cost low, but most one that is reliable . The Network architecture at Patton-Fuller hospital was designed for each department to rely on information flow between each department. In other words, if the accounting department needed information from the pharmacy or admissions in order to create invoices or insurance billing, it would be rely on those departments to share real time information through the network. It is important for a facility as large as a hospital to have a Networking system that...
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...A wireless mesh network is any wireless network where data is transmitted using mesh networking. That is, where nodes don't just send and receive data, but also serve as a relay for other nodes and each node collaborates in propagating data on the network. A wireless mesh network can be thought of as a collection of nodes where each mesh node is also a router. Compare this to a WiFi access point where service can be provided only within reach of the signal and when it is turned off, the connection is gone. Mesh nodes work differently by rerouting data to another hop which it is connected to, bypassing the empty area where a node might be off. Techopedia explains Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) The concept of mesh networking can be applied to both physical and wireless networking, but it's much more commmon for wireless networks given the cabling costs that would be required to implement as a physical topology. A key difference here is that mesh nodes work in a cooperative gain scheme where the more nodes that are active, the greater the bandwidth available Consider this analogy in traditional networking: when cars (data) coming from a wide road comes to a small bridge they all have to slow down to wait in line. To increase the number of cars going through, you need to make a bigger bridge (add bandwidth) which is then wasted in times of less traffic. In mesh networking, imagine people coming to a river, where in order to continue each person drops a rock to make a foot...
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...TERM PAPER Wireless LAN Security Enabling and Protecting the Enterprise INSIDE INSIDE ∆ Wireless LAN Technology ∆ ∆ ∆ Benefits of Wireless LANs Security Risks and Technical Challenges Recommendations WIRELESS LAN SECURITY Contents Executive Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Wireless LAN Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Benefits of Wireless LANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Simplified Implementation and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Extended Reach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Increased Worker Mobility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Reduced Total Cost of Ownership and Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Security Risks and Technical Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 “Leaky” Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Unapproved Deployments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Exposure of Wireless Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....
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