...make the things clearer to the other party/client and make them understand the things that may appear insignificant at that time. Fox (2002) consider it essential for a lawyer/drafter to have capability to explain the complicated issues and concepts in easy way. Just (2008) suggests gauging the knowledge of other party/client. Author further recommends that not only contract should addressed the issues instead it should also best serve the purpose also. AVOIDING ORTHODOX WRITNG RITUALS Just (2008) criticizes the use of Doublets and Triplets in legal English for making document difficult to read and longer. In Modern practices doublets and triplets are avoided and effort is done to prepare draft of contract in simple & plain English. Praising the plain English Law Reform Commission of Victoria in Butt and Castle (2006) reveals that it is not deliberately complicated but effective and clear for parties. In addition to this plain language has another advantage that it ensures non-expert readers to fully understand the issue. According to Just (2008)...
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...The Legend of Makahiya Long time ago, there was a couple in Barangay Masagana (Pampanga today) who wanted a daughter. Their wish was granted and the wife gave birth to a baby girl. They called her Maria. Maria was very beautiful but very shy that she wouldn't go out from their house. Weeks later, Spaniards came to their town. The Spaniards were very cruel that they get everything they wanted. They rob houses and kill everyone who gets in their way and who refuses to give what they wanted. The couple was very frightened to lose their daughter so, they hid Maria in the bushes so the Spaniards couldn't find her. After the Spaniards left their town, the couple tried to look for Maria but they couldn't find her even in the bushes where they hid her, instead they found a little plant that is very sensitive that when you touch it, it would immediately close. So they thought it was their daughter, Maria. They called " the plant "Makahiya that means "touch me not," like their daughter who was very shy The Legend of Lanao Lake In ancient Lanao, there once lived a giant called Umacaan. He was so enormous that when he spread his arms side ward, they spread as far as thirty kilometers apart. Almost anything was within easy reach, best of all, men whom he loved to eat. Men flee at the sight of him. No one dared come out to the mountains for fear of losing their lives at the hands of the man-eating giant. In no time, news about Umacaan reached as far as the kingdom of Bumbaran...
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...that have succeeded in surviving despite the odds and then there are the stories of those who didn’t succeed. Both cultures build upon bonding born from the hardship of working the soil in rural America, but only one of these cultures has found a way to liberate its people and share the truths associated with those struggles. Maya Angelou speaks to the African American Culture in her work “Reclaiming our Home Place”. She captures the tragic yet rich history of the America’s south and how celebrating this history as a culture has set the once enslaved African American free. (Angelou) Further to the northwest, based in the rural by-ways of America is the story of the people who claimed the plains as their heritage as told by Kathleen Norris in “Can you Tell the Truth in a Small Town?” The plains and her people’s culture faced very different struggles and remain bound to secret societies of shame and shared silent failures which challenge and threaten the loss of their historical heritage. (Norris) Slavery has existed, in one form or...
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...* Heavy reliant * Pacific coast * Great lakes * Great plains How did hgf peoples obtain food? Some consequences * Mobility * Seasonality of food * Annual migration cycles * Wild plants and animals * Lack of domestication=reduced disease resistance * Acquired immunity * Genetic immunity How did this subsistence strategy structure society? * Clan size=small * Flat social structure=not hierarchical * Kinship unites bands * Loose affiliations * Gendered division of labor * Usufruct property rights=right to use, not to own How did Pawnee Indians rely on hgf lifeways? Where did Plains people come from? * Clovis peoples arrive on Plains 9,000 BC * Plains people/culture emerge from these early arrivals * Simultaneously other culture groups emerge across the Americas * Each defined by culture, language, geographic boundaries, etc How did the Plains peoples mode of production develop? * 9000 BC = Climate Warms * Bison hunting flourishes on Plains > plainsmen culture * 5000-2500 BC=Drought * plainsmen abandon plains. Move west to rocky mountains * 500 BC-AD 1000 * emergence of eastern plains what peoples and cultures over time emerged on the plains? How did the Pawnee arrive in the Loup Valley? * AD 1200-Pawnee ancestors migrate east during dry period from high plains to Loup Valley * Maintain...
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...natural life in the wave of American westward extension. It started with English pioneer settlements in the early seventeenth century and finished with the concession of the last terrain domains in the twentieth century. A period called the Old West, much of the time misrepresenting the sentiment and brutality of the period. By the late nineteenth century, ranchers had developed progressively reliant on huge organizations. Railroads transported their yields; banks credited that cash; producers sold them cultivate hardware, and shaky universal markets for wheat and corn decided their salary. Overproduction, in the interim, drove costs down. Agriculturists were baffled by listing costs, climbing obligation, high-investment rates, and such railroad polishes, as settled costs or separation among clients. Agriculturists probably won't felt responsible for their destinies[1]. Body Some Western tribes separated eastern tribes in "Indian Territory," from other western tribes, for example, Pueblos had lasting settlements and homesteads. They communicated with Spanish and Mexicans. Plains Indians were migrants and, some were ranchers. Warriors were not able to thrashing white pilgrims because they separated, had inward clashes, and sicknesses. The Plains people groups protected their territory and their lifestyle from the approaching pilgrims. Savage fights occurred in the 1860s and 1870s between the Plains people groups and government troops. Eventually, infection and clashes decreased...
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...Prof. Rains NAMS 2/8/11 Black Feet Siksika is translated in English to ‘black feet’. Black feet is thought to be their name because of the discoloring of their moccasins by the ashes of the prairie fires, or possibly because they painted their moccasins black. The Black Feet are a people of great spirit and confidence in their way of life. This is what allowed them to keep the black foot tribe alive to this day. The spirit of the ‘black feet’ is due to their rich heritage, customs, beliefs, art, and stories. They have been able to fend off non-stop attacks like in the late 1800’s with the official government policy of assimilation. Assimilation was the white people believing that their way of life was the best way of life and all Indians should become more like them. The Indians made it through the easterners’ restriction on their young people like speaking their first language and forcing them to dress like whites, cut their hair and go to English schools. The white peoples life style did not appeal to the Indians due to all of the genocide, disease, war, and religion. The Indians way of life is prosperous and has been successful for thousands of years in not making for themselves the problems the white people have. The Indians like being Indians, they want to be Indians, and they will always fight to remain Indians. The black feet religiously believed in medicine bundles. There were more then 50 of them and the most popular were the beaver bundles, medicine pipe bundles...
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... 4) the paleo Indians, and they came from India (Beringia) They were following their food source, mammoths. 2. Identify the location of and describe America’s longest mountain range. (p. 15-16) 3. Identify the location of and describe America’s longest river. (p. 15-16) 4. Identify the location of the Northeast, Southeast, Great Plains, and Southwest Native American cultures. (complete THIS online activity to learn) 5. What was Iroquois culture like? (p. 17-19) 6. How did initial European settlement in North America impact the native people already there? (p. 19) 7. What was the Age of Exploration? (p. 22-23) 8. What was moved from continent to continent in the Columbian Exchange? (p. 32-33) 9. What were some positive effects of this trade? Negative? (p. 32-33) 10. Why do we know so little about Early Native American cultures? (p. 33) 11. Where did colonists establish their early settlements and why? (not in book… get the answer during class) 12. Why did the Africa slave trade start in America? (p. 35-36) 13. What was the motivation for English Colonization in the New World? Why did Royalty want to colonize and why did the settlers want to colonize? (p. 39-45) 14. How did Captain John Smith restore order to the settlement of Jamestown? (p. 42-43) 15. What are the differences between slaves and indentured servants? (p....
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...migrants.”(Reuben, Paul P) During World War I, wheat prices were high so most farmers plowed the grassland and planted dry land wheat as “bushel of wheat sold for $1 in 1929.”(The Farmers Plight) Because of over production, wheat dropped to “$.30 cents in 1932” and farmers were not prepared for the phenomenon of the Dust Bowl. (The Farmers Plight) Steinbeck’s novel begins by detailing the dust bowl that hit Oklahoma, "Houses were shut tight, and cloth wedged around doors and windows, but the dust came in so thinly that it could not be seen in the air, and it settled like pollen on the chairs and tables, on the dishes."(Steinbeck pg. 3) Drought and soil erosion brought on by over farming turned the agricultural land of the Great Plains into a giant dust bowl during the 1930’s. The once rich grassland turned into a giant dust bowl during the 1930’s “due to drought and soil erosion brought on by over farming” (Divine, APP). Herman Goertzen, a Midwestern farmer experienced one of the most devastating storms first hand, “It was like a black wall that went over that area, south of us, there. It went through and it was just like shutting a barn door.”(Goetzen) He states, “The iron guard bit into the house corner, crumbled the wall and wrenched the little house from its foundations so that it fell sideways, crushed like a bug.”(Chapter 5, pp. 31 to 32 ) “We all of us climbed into an old Chevy that my dad had. And then we were in California, and migratory...
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... Country-born 1. Most came from the Hudson Bay area. 2. They usually had Scottish or British fathers. 3. They were Anglican 4. They farmed the land. B. Métis 1. They were strongly Catholic. 2. The Sayer Trial a. Métis started resenting the power of the Hudson Bay Company over the settlement. b. In 1849, the Hudson Bay Company arrested Mr. Pierre Sayer for illegally selling furs to other native groups. c. Two to three hundred Métis lined up in front of the courthouse where he was to be tried. d. Sayer was found guilty. e. Rioting started while the verdict was being read. f. The judge refused to pass down a sentence fearing for his life. g. Sayer was set free. C. The Métis and the Country-born doubled every fifteen to twenty years. The Plains natives, however, decreased. 1. Smallpox epidemics (1837-1838) a. It was carried down the rivers (Saskatchewan and Missouri Rivers). b. It spread rapidly because the natives lived together in communal dwellings. c. Three thousand five hundred natives, Métis, and Country-born died. d. The Cree survived. 2. Scarlet Fever (1864-1865) - 1,000 Blackfoot died. 3. Measles - The Cree died. 4. Influenza and whooping...
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...| Hero Does Not Fit | Does James Wolfe Deserve the Title ‘Hero of Quebec’ | | Zachary Bliss | 12/6/2012 | Dr. Daryl White HI2600 | The battle of the Plains of Abraham was a turning point in the Seven Years War once the British defeated the French at Quebec they never relinquished hold of the city. It did not signal the end to the fighting but it gave the British the upper hand. The French army commanded by Louis-Joseph, Marquis de Montcalm was much larger than the British force commanded by Major-General James Wolfe. Montcalm had the help of François-Pierre de Rigaud de Vaudreuil, the governor of Trois-Riviere and when Great Britain declared war on France he commanded the advanced guard of Montcalm’s forces. While Wolfe is heralded as a hero in Britain he does not deserve the title ‘Hero of Quebec’. There is no doubt that James Wolfe was a tremendous leader. He certainly has the history to prove it. He was not however, the best tactician. He had joined the army at the age of fifteen and he was a Lieutenant Colonel and commanding his own regiment by the age of twenty-three. Francis Parkman describes Wolfe as “ardent, headlong, void of fear, often rash, almost fanatical in military duty, and reckless of life when the glory of England of his own was at stake”. He contains the qualities necessary to lead an army and did so quite effectively. His army stood triumphant at the end of the fighting but the British did not really win the battle; the French lost it....
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...Adam Weaver Bio280 Ecosystems and Economics 08/04/13 The Human impact on any ecosystem is usually a negative impact. When I think about the situations that surround our influence on ecosystems the most poignant example that comes to mind is that of the strip mining industry. In this industry we see the largest amount of economic gain go head to head with the worst ecologic destruction. I grew up in West Virginia where mining was a way of life and the local economies still bend to whims of the coal mining industry. Today I live in South Dakota, home of the Homestake Mine, the longest running gold mine in the country which is almost 8,000 feet deep. (Homestake,2013) Coal mining is billion dollar industry here in the United States and the economic upside of it is hard to deny. Whole towns are still in existence due to the support that coal brings to their economies. Mining traditionally however brings many problems with it. Mining in general is associated with the following ecological problems: Saltiness, aridity and scarcity of water caused by the waste of enormous amounts of fresh water during the extraction process, heavy metals which are liberated and migrate into the ecosystem, the dislocation of thousands of tons of ore causes for sedimentation in rivers and susceptibility to both geologic and water erosion, migration of highly toxic cyanide into the subsoil and surface waters as well as the whole ecosystem, and acid drainage. (Shipirt, 2006) Finally, and most...
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...The Great Plains— To the Point Geography- West of the MS River *1800 Territory in the plains included North Dakota & South Dakota, Nebraska, and states such as Texas * Great Plains had very hot summers and very cold winters, very rainfall which droughts few sources of water very few trees - conditions not fit for farming *Before the late 1800s U.S. settlers did not settle the plains. Farming The Plains *Farming the plains was difficult * Gov’t encourage settlement by passing the Homestead Act -$160 acres -$10 registration fee - live on farm land for 5 yrs *Houses was made of sod because of lack of trees Farming Technologies - Cast Iron wingmill- allowed them to pump waterfrom wells. - Steel plow- to wooden plow would break in dry hard earth of the plains Cattle Industry Mechanical binder- tied and cut the grains or crops simultaneously - barbed wire- replaced wooden fences Rise of cattle industry -abundance of cattle in Great Plain -herd of cattle numbering about 2,500 were taken on long drive (cattle trails such as the chilsoln trail which was San Antonio, Texas to Abliene, Kansas) to Ship stations in Kansas and Missouri -African American Cowhand- Nat Love Decline Of cattle industry -overgrazing -overproduction costs the product to drop -weather (droughts, blizzards) -barbed wire led to development of cattle ranches ...
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...Railroad and Grain Elevators * Their monopolistic activities forced farmers to pay unfair prices * Banks * Held their debts (sharecropping, crop-lien system) * Charged excessive interest rates * Threatening and foreclosed on those struggling * Felt their struggling was based on the system which was funded by big backs The Reality of Unrest * Farmers found themselves in a new world of economic competition * Antebellum agriculture was controlled by large landowners * Post civil war small farmers did not benefit from large-scale production * In Nebraska, Kansas, and South Dakota farmers more adverse growing conditions * Meteorologic anomaly ended returning the high plains to normal dry conditions * Leads to the “dust bowl” Organizing Revolt: The Farmers’ Alliance The Grange * Designed to advance the lives of farmers * Taught new farming techniques * Social Events * Attempted to create a system of cooperatives * Fought for regulation of rail rates Southern Alliance * Dr. Charles W. Macune * Pooled resources in cooperatively owned enterprises for buying and selling, milling, and storing, banking and manufacturing Cooled Farmer’s Alliance * Segregated auxiliary * Faced violent reprisals from southern racists The National Farmers’ Alliance, ultimately, reached across, the south, Midwest, and great...
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...the American Civil War many cowboys went off to fight for the | |Cattle in Texas reproduced and when the cowboys returned there were 5 million| |south against the north. | |cattle. | | | | | |Demand for beef in the East meant that cattle could be sold for $50 | |Homesteaders stopped cattlemen who tried to drive their cattle across the | |per head as opposed to $5 in Texas. | |Plains. They did not want their animals catching Texas fever or their crops | | | |damaged. | | | | | |Charles Goodnight and his business partner, Oliver Loving drove a | |The construction of the Transcontinental Railway (completed 1869) solved this| |cattle herd up to a US army fort to sell beef. This journey led to | |problem as cattle could be transported more easily to the East. | |the Goodnight-Loving...
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...Catherine Jones HST-143-D040/Professor Quirk The West January 21, 2016 Moving and settling on the Great Plains during the nineteenth century was no easy task. There were many hardships involved in the laborious task of the moving process and even more involved in building and maintaining a home. The fact that the settlers were moving to the Great Plains added even more difficulties to the task because of its climate and geography. One of the hardships that settlers faces was that there were few building materials on the Great Plains. They usually constructed their houses out of sod which was less than ideal. Sod houses allowed bugs and animals to easily dig through the walls and it also leaked water into the homes very easily. These sod homes also allowed very little light or even air to pass into them. Other hardships included their isolation from one another, the unfortunate use of manure as fuel for fire because of the lack of wood, the dry climate of the Great Plains, and as a result of the climate, the lack of water. Settlers could not plant crops because the ground was too dry and the climate was too humid, that and the fact that there was the lack of water. This forced the settlers to build windmills just so they could pump water. There was also the obstacle of having a lack of money. Since the settlers were so isolated from one another that meant there were no nearby businesses or places of work for settlers to earn money. This lack of money meant living in sparse...
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