...BOTANICAL PEST CONTROL The Philippines is rich in various varieties and species of plants that can be used to regulate and control pests and diseases. Theses plant species are endangered because they are not known, or the local farmers do not know their uses. Farmers by clearing and burning continually destroy them, as they are considered weeds and a hindrance to their crop production. Here is a short list of plants that can be effective against a wide range of insect pest including those attacking the mango. 1. GOAT WEED (Aegaratum conisoides) Leaves- Extract juice and spray against diamond black moth and cotton Steiner. 2. DAMONG MARIA (Artemesia vulgaris) Leaves – Pound, extract juice and spray at the rate of 2 to 4 tbs. per 16 litters of water wit detergent or AZ41 and spray against cotton borer and mango tip borer. 3. LANTANA (Lantana camara) Flowers – Pound and store around the grains to serve as repellant against weevils. 4. DITA (Derris philippinensis) Roots – Pound and extract juice. Spray at the rate of 1 cup per gallon of water or powder, mix with detergent or AZ41 and spray at the rate of 120 grams powder + 250 to 300 grams detergent per 4 35 gallons of water against diamond black moth and other insect pests. 5. WILD SUNFLOWER (Tethornia diversifolia) Leaves – Pound and extract juice and use as spray at the rate of 1 to 2 kg. Fruit per litter of water against cotton Steiner, black armyworm and diamond black moth. 6. MARIGOLD (Targetes erecta)...
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...Since deciding to landscape your backyard, you have realized there are many things to consider, such as budget, time, and space. Application Practice Answer the following questions. Use Equation Editor to write mathematical expressions and equations. First, save this file to your hard drive by selecting Save As from the File menu. Click the white space below each question to maintain proper formatting. Please highlight your answers. 1. You are planning to spend no less than $5,000 and no more than $9,000 on your landscaping project. a) Write an inequality that demonstrates how much money you will be willing to spend on the project. $5,000 ≤ $9,000 b) Suppose you want to cover the backyard with decorative rock and plant some trees as the first phase of the project. You need 20 tons of rock to cover the area. If each ton cost $50 and each tree is $85, what is the maximum number of trees you can buy with a budget for rock and trees of $3,000? Write an inequality that illustrates the problem and solve. Express your answer as an inequality and explain how you arrived at your answer. 20 x $50 = $1,000 $3,000 - $1,000 = $2,000 left for trees $2,000/$85 = 23 trees can be purchased c) Would 15 trees be a solution to the inequality in part b? Justify your answer. No, because 15 trees is less than 23 trees....
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...Energy Summary SCI/362 January 18, 2012 The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge source of energy is oil. The oil drilling is harming or kills so many animal species. It is taking up the land they are living on and the ground they find food on. They closed the oil drilling in 1989 due to the oil spill in the Prudhoe Bay. A lot of animals were killing with the oil spilled. They are to help the animals in the Prudhoe Bay area. The Yucca Mountain was the first commercial power plant it gives off nuclear waste. They have done many of studies on Yucca Mountain to make sure the site is safe. With the earthquakes and volcanic it can make the nuclear waste come out. The Three Gorges Dam was needed to be done to save people’s lives. People have drought and floods from the waters. The toxic in the water is what will make it hard to make the Dam. The waterborne diseases and human and animals wastes in the water. They will have to move from the area the build it. The one thing is we could save money by doing our own oil. The thing is when we have oil spill it hurts the animal and gets in our water. We would have to find away the make it work to not do that. We make more jobs too. We would not have to spend so much on gas and oil if you would drill the oil in the US. We have enough in the US to have. The Yucca Mountain with the nuclear waste in it will cause people to die from cancer and other illnesses. If they take the nuclear waste out of the mountain it can cause earthquakes...
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...CASE # 1: BUILDING A DAM Central Problem: Whether to construct the proposed dam that would bring most benefit to the community and to lose a certain species of small fish only found in that river. Minor problem: A reasonable decision to not build the dam should the fish be edible and with commercial use. Alternative Courses of Action: 1. To continue in the construction the proposed dam so that the community will be benefited in terms of having hydroelectric power and creating recreational activities such as boating, swimming and water-skiing, however the river will lose that certain species of small fish. Applying the principle of utilitarianism which to sacrifice something for a greater good. 2. To transfer the small fish with the help of a government sector like the DENR, or government agency concerning aquatic life forms/ resources to a fish sanctuary or a new habitat before building the dam/ project so that this certain species of small fish will not become extinct. 3. To reject the proposed construction of the dam and preserve the existence of the small fish. Recommendation/Ethical Solution: The group recommends the second alternative course of action. The members of the group believe that although there will be additional costs in the transfer of the small fish; still we took into consideration of the possible extinction of the species. And in the very first place the ones responsible may it be the government or a private group for the proposal of the dam should...
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...back memories. One summer night, I was walking and was attracted to a smell like a magnet. The perfume reminded me of my mother. I tried to find the smell, but it was too dark for me to find it. I just felt the perfume and walked alongside the smell. The fragrance was intoxicating and I walked for a long time. Just then I saw faint something. There were some people who looked after plants in the garden. They preferred working at night rather than daytime because during the day it was very hot. While I was looking at the people who were working, I felt the smell strong more and more. One of the people looked after the plant which gives out the scent in the garden. The name of the plant is Angel’s morning glory, one of the flowers. My mom has lots of talents. She is a nimble-fingered person. When I was young, my mom made me pretty dolls and clothes. I liked playing with them. She gave me a celebrated painting which is cross-stitched by her as a gift. It is really amazing and fantastic! She has great dexterity. Also she is interested in her very beautiful garden and takes good care of plants. She takes care of them sincerely like when she brought us up. Our garden has lots of gorgeous and fancy flowers. One of the flowers is my mom’s favorite, called Angel’s morning glory. The flower has a lovely sweet scent, but it smells only at night! Every summer night, my family used to enjoy spending time at our garden. We took a walk around the garden together looking at the adorable...
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...two different ecosystems by collecting qualitative and quantitative data about the biotic and abiotic factors that exist in them. The two ecosystems in which the biodiversity will be assessed are the DCVI soccer field and Sparling Bush. The independent variables that will be examined are temperature, moisture, amount of light, and soil. The dependent variable in this inquiry is the level of biodiversity. Hypothesis (What do you think will happen?) Temperature I hypothesize that it will be warmer at Sparling Bush because creatures, plants, cells, etc, are able to grow and live in a warmer climate much more easily. The temperature will be warmer at Sparling Bush because there will be many trees around creating a higher density which will help keep the heat in better. Wind will be able to pass through the soccer field much more easily compared to Sparling Bush therefore the soccer field will not be able to maintain the heat. For example, plants have a tougher time trying to grow in colder conditions making it harder for the organism to survive. This means that the living organisms at Sparling Bush should have a greater level of biodiversity compared to an open soccer field because trees protect the biotic and abiotic organisms. Moisture / Humidity I hypothesize that the humidity level at Sparling Bush will be higher compared to the soccer field. I believe this because, if the morning dew soaks up into the air, then the humidity level will stay high because the trees at Sparling...
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...are a very important source of nutrients that one has to intake to stay vital in their everyday life. The dispersal of fruits and seeds are factors that distributed in many ways. Seeds are dispersed in many ways by the wind, human dispersal, and animal dispersal are sources that contribute to very favorable environment for plants to flourish, and be able to grow. In order for plants to be able to survive, and grow they need to be in a separate environment from the parent plant so that they are able to thrive, and not become overcrowded. Essentially, a seed consists of a miniature undeveloped plant which, alone or in the company of stored food for its early development after germination, is surrounded by a protective coat. Frequently small in size and making negligible demands upon their environment, seeds are eminently suited to perform a wide variety of functions the relationships of which are not always obvious: multiplication, perennation, dormancy and dispersal. (Britannica Online seed and fruit 2012). Why are some fruits sweet and some sour, whereas others have no specific taste? The taste of fruits depend on a lot factors such as the chemistry of the plant where it is derived from, how much glucose that may be in the particular fruits as many fruits are made up of many ingredients such has vitamin fructose, acids, vitamins, starch, proteins and cellulose found in the fruits. They each have different amounts of these components. That determines what the particular fruit may...
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...JoTT CommuniCation 3(7): 1899–1908 Some aspects of the ecology of the Indian Giant Squirrel Ratufa indica (Erxleben, 1777) in the tropical forests of Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary, southern India and their conservation implications Nagarajan Baskaran 1, S. Venkatesan 2, J. Mani 3, Sanjay K. Srivastava 4 & Ajay A. Desai 5 Bombay Natural History Society, Bear Bungalow, Kargudi, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu 643211, India Present Address: Asian Nature Conservation Foundation, Innovation Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India 4 Tamil Nadu Forest Department, Panagal Building, No. 1 Geenis Road, Saidapet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600015, India 5 Present Address: BC 84 Camp, Belgaum, Karnataka 590001, India Email: 1 baskar@ces.iisc.ernet.in (corresponding author), 4 sks2700@yahoo.co.in, 5 ajayadesai.1@gmail.com 1,2,3,5 1 Date of publication (online): 26 July 2011 Date of publication (print): 26 July 2011 ISSN 0974-7907 (online) | 0974-7893 (print) Editor: Renee Borges Manuscript details: Ms # o2593 Received 01 October 2010 Final received 29 January 2011 Finally accepted 09 July 2011 Citation: Baskaran, N., S. Venkatesan, J. Mani, S.K. Srivastava & A.A. Desai (2011). Some aspects of the ecology of the Indian Giant Squirrel Ratufa indica (Erxleben, 1777) in the tropical forests of Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary, southern India and their conservation implications. Journal of Threatened Taxa 3(7): 1899–1908. Copyright: © Nagarajan Baskaran, S. Venkatesan,...
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...garden, consider what and how much you will plant. It is better to have a small garden well maintained than a large one neglected and full of weeds. Diagram the garden rows on paper and note the length you wish to assign to each vegetable. Use a scale of a selected number of feet to an inch. Then you can decide how much seed and how many plants to buy. Consider also the possibility of working your vegetables in plots in front of your shrubbery. Many vegetables are ornamental in appearance. Some vegetables can be grown in your flower beds; others can be grown entirely in containers. The amount of sunlight your garden gets must also be considered. Leafy vegetables, for example, can be grown in partial shade but vegetables producing fruit must be grown in direct sunlight. Protecting The Garden Usually, the garden should be surrounded by a fence sufficiently high and close-woven to keep out dogs, rabbits, and other animals. The damage done by stray animals during a season or two can equal the cost of a fence. A fence also can serve as a trellis for beans, peas, tomatoes, and other crops that need support. In most sections of the country, rodents of various kinds damage garden crops. In the east, moles and mice cause much injury. Moles burrow under the plants, causing the soil to dry out around the roots. Mice either work independently or follow the burrows made by moles, destroying newly planted seeds and young plants. In the West, ground squirrels and prairie dogs...
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...A Detailed Lesson Plan in English (Reading) I. Objectives At the end of the lesson, the pupils are expected to: a. State the sequence of the story b. Identify the different seasons describe c. Appreciate the story read II. Subject Matter Topic: The Tiny Seed Reference: Reading Network, pages 103- 108 Author: Delia Hamoy Soroy Materials: Charts, pictures III. Procedure A. Preparation Teacher’s Activities Pupils’ Activities 1. Energizer I have here a song entitled “ Minicar “. I’ll sing it first then afterwards we will sing it together. The song goes like this. Minicar(2x) Beep(3x) the minicar Stop and go(3x), the minicar Camera (2x) Click (3x) the camera Smile and pose (3x) to the camera B. Motivation Form 3 groups. Each group should have 2 members to arrange the puzzle in front. The first group who can arrange the puzzle will get additional points in your quiz later. What picture is formed? The picture formed is a seed. Have you seen a seed? Yes Teacher! Can you describe the seed that you have seen? The seed that I have seen is rough. What can you say about their size? ...
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...Lena's most poignant moments might be when she admits to Ruth that sometimes her children frighten her. This is one of those sad and beautiful moments that make her character seem truly human. Throughout the play, Lena struggles to connect with her children, Beneatha and Walter. She's extremely worried about Walter's obsession with money and is totally disapproving of Beneatha's lack of faith in God. Mama even goes so far as to slap Beneatha in the face when the girl says that God doesn't exist. Except for that ‘face slap’ moment, Mama is mostly kind and patient with her family. Her nurturing personality is symbolized by the way she treats her houseplant. Though it is wilting, Mama loves it unconditionally. Just like her family, Lena's plant lacks the necessary resources to flourish. Rather than giving up, however, Mama does all she can for it and has faith that one day it will truly thrive. As a proud woman, Lena Younger does not have much material wealth, but she walks tall, exudes dignity, and carries herself as though she walks with a "basket or a vessel upon her head." Her children are her life she even refers to them as her "harvest." With no significant dreams of her own, she lives vicariously through her children, for even her dream of having a house is motivated only by her desire to make living conditions better for her family. She says, upon receiving the $10,000 insurance check, that, for her part, she'd just as soon donate the entire sum to her church. Mama's faith...
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...The Arctic and subarctic regions Compared with other biomes, the tundra biome is relatively young, having its origin in the Pleistocene (1,600,000 to 10,000 years ago). Individual plant and animal species of the tundra, however, probably first appeared in the Late Miocene (11.2 to 5.3 million years ago) or Early Pliocene (5.3 to 3.4 million years ago). Coniferous forests were present on Ellesmere Island and in northern Greenland, the northernmost land areas, in the mid-Pliocene (2.5 million years ago). Most paleoecologists believe that tundra flora evolved from plants of the coniferous forests and alpine areas as continents drifted into higher and cooler latitudes during the Miocene (23.7 to 5.3 million years ago). The Antarctic region Antarctica has been isolated from other continental landmasses by broad expanses of ocean since early in the Tertiary Period, about 60 to 40 million years ago. Prior to its separation it existed, along with Australia, South America, peninsular India, and Africa, as part of the landmass known as Gondwanaland. This long separation has impeded the establishment and development of land-based flora and fauna in the Antarctic. Other significant factors that have hampered terrestrial biotic evolution are the harsh climate, the ice cover that completely engulfed the continent during the Pleistocene glaciations, and the present limited number of ice-free land areas, which are restricted primarily to the coastal fringes and nunataks (mountain peaks surrounded...
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...what are the advances in complexity of bryophytes over algae regarding their morphology, habitat,asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction. Bryophytes: are plants that lack vascular tissue and require environmental water to reproduce. General characteristics of this group include: a waxy cuticle to slow down water loss and gametangia that protect developing gametes. The male gamatangium is called the antheridium which produces flagellated sperm. The female archegonium produces a single egg. Bryophytes need water to reproduce. They do not contain any vascular tissue for up right support. These plants usually form mats of horizontally growing tissue. The plant grips the ground with elongated cells called rhizoids. Photosynthesis occurs in the stem-like structures above the matted plant bodies. They undergo an alternation of generations with the haploid generation being the dominant form of this cycle. The sporophytes are generally smaller and depend on the gametophyte for water and protection. Algae The term algae embraces all photosynthetic protists. It refers to an aquatic, photosynthetic way of life, not an evolutionary kinship. Most algae live in water, but some are terrestrial. Most algae live near the surface of the water producing 30 to 50 percent of the earth's oxygen. Algae are classified on the basis of conservative characteristics such as the type of cell wall, flagella, photosynthetic pigments, and the form in which food is stored. They are single celled or live...
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...spots on them. Perhaps the poor plant has lost most of its leaves altogether. No longer looking strong and regal, it has developed a very sickly appearance. The plant looks as though it is on the brink of death. For there are three main reasons your plant may be on the verge of its demise, it could be that it is being incorrectly watered, it could need transplanting, or locating it to a new setting is necessary. How much water to give a houseplant can be one of the most frustrating aspects to its owner. When a plant gets too much water, it causes the leaves to turn an ugly yellow color. The opposite is true when we tend to withhold watering for too long. This causes the leaves to turn brown and dried out. Most plants need watered once every couple of weeks, but then there are those who prefer a more arid soil. The cactus plant is one that rarely needs watering. Of course, there is always a lush in the group. A fern cannot seem to get enough water and would prefer a daily misting. Some plants such as the African Violet cannot tolerate water on its leaves. Sometimes adjusting the watering intervals and rate at which the water is given does not seem to help revive the ill-looking specimen. The next step to try to remedy the situation would be by repotting the plant. The roots can no longer grow when a plant becomes root bound. In essence, the plant is actually suffocating. Being cramped up in a small space is not beneficial for its growth. When a plant is repotted it regains its...
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...pollutants or hazards that we might introduce into our environment. That leaves us free to try to survive in the "natural" environment which includes things like sharks, poisonous insects and reptiles, pollen, poisonous plants, viruses, bacteria, thousands of parasites, and other animals that compete for food and land. Protecting the environment allows future generations of humans to grow and live without having to deal with anything we've done to contaminate the environment in which we do live and they will live, protecting the environment is the best way to protect our own selves against diseases. However, forests prevent soil erosion, landslides, and flooding; maintain the purity of the air and water; affect local and global rainfall. Protecting the environment as it was before human additions allows plants to continue growing, plants that help regulate temperature, humidity, an provide oxygen. Plants are very useful to humans. We eat many different types of plants. Some products are made from plants such as shampoos, rubber, paper and camera film. Animals use plants in many different ways. They eat many fruits and other plants. Many animals use plants for shelter. Plants also provide animals with protection from predators. The destruction of different plants sometimes leads to animals becoming endangered....
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