...Snakebites are often treated by administering specific “anti-venom”. Explain how “anti-venom” may work. Snakes are cold blooded animals that are found in tropical and subtropical countries. Snakes have some glands in their mouth that produce very poisonous substance and its even worst through their bites. The seriousness or extend of the poison depends on various factors. One is the body tissue where the venom is injected. It’s more serious when the poison is injected directly to the blood vessels meaning it spreads very quickly through blood transmission in the rest of the body. The extent of the poison also depends on the part of the body where the snake bites. Snake bites that occur on parts of the body with a lot of adipose tissue are less poisonous than in the parts with less adipose tissue. This is because these tissues are low in blood supply hence they end up delaying transmission or the spread of poison to the rest of the body (Timbrell, 2009) Specific anti-venom is used in treating snake bite since the severity of the poison depends on the snake type and other factors. Since the venom is injected in the blood the anti-venom should also be administered to the blood In order to neutralize the poison. This means that it might have some side effects if not well used since its injected directly to the blood. The anti-venom neutralizes the poisonous venom injected by the snake hence causing venom release from the receptor site. Since venom causes blockage of these receptor sites...
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...The ten Avaters In Hinduism, an avatar from Sanskrit "descent") is a deliberate descent of a deity to Earth, or a descent of the Supreme Being (e.g., Vishnu for Vaishnavites), and is mostly translated into English as "incarnation", but more accurately as "appearance" or "manifestation". The phenomenon of an avatar is observed in Hinduism, Ayyavazhi, and Sikhism. Avatar is regarded as one of the core principles of Hinduism. The term is most often associated with Vishnu, though it has also come to be associated with other deities Varying lists of avatars of Vishnu appear in Hindu scriptures, including the ten Dashavatara of the Garuda Purana and the twenty-two avatars in the Bhagavata Purana, though the latter adds that the incarnations of Vishnu are innumerable. The avatars of Vishnu are a primary component of Vaishnavism. An early reference to avatar, and to avatar doctrine, is in the Bhagavad Gita. Shiva and Ganesha are also described as descending in the form of avatars. The various manifestations of Devi, the Divine Mother principal in Hinduism, are also described as avatars or incarnations by some scholars and followers ofShaktism. The avatars of Vishnu carry a greater theological prominence than those of other deities, which some scholars perceive to be imitative of the Vishnu avatar lists. In Sikhism, an avatar is a deliberate descent of a soul to earth in any form. Guru Granth Sahib believes in the existence of the Dashavatara. In Dasam Granth, Guru Gobind Singh...
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...Fear is something that everybody has. Even if theyre characters in a book/story. Some people are afriad of snakes, spiders, death, the dark, sharks and way more. In “The Colomber” by Dino Bizzatti and “Poison” by Roald Dahl, it talks about fear, dreams, and racism. It is obvious that there are many types of conflict in stories. However, in “The Colomber” and “Poison” there are numerous amounts of both internal and external examples of conflict. First, in the story, “The Colomber” by Dino Bizzatti, the conflict is internal. It is Stefanos fear of the colomber, it limits him from following his dream of sailing the seven seas like his father did. It develops by the fact that Stefano is avoiding the shark, even when it keeps following him around whenever and wherever he goes to sail. However, it resolves by Stefano facing his fear and confronting the shark. Then, the next conflict is external. It is Stefano vs. Nature, also known as, the colomber. It is developed by the colomber choosing stefano as his next “victim” and following him around and not giving up until he finds him. Although it resolves by Stefano going into a sail boat and waiting for the colomber, to confront it, all the colomber wanted to do was give him a speacial pearl. Now on to another story, “Poison” by Roald Dahl. The first conflict is external. It is Harry vs. The krait (person vs. Nature). It develops by the krait slithering on Harry’s stomach while...
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...The author describes the pre-battle between the man and the rattler as a “furious signal, quite sportingly warning [the man] that [he] had made an unprovoked attack,” by attempting to “take his life.” The warning signal is stressed to reveal the significance of the man and snake’s value of life. The author conjures the image of how one of their lives must end in order to keep peace. In addition to this, the author then describes how “there was blood in [snake’s] mouth and poison dripping from his fangs.” This gruesome image of the snake’s impending death shows the importance of the man’s acceptance toward the snake. In a way, the reader can see the man’s sympathy toward the snake because the man should have let him go instead of killing...
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...If the person has no symptoms but has taken a potentially dangerous poison, you should also call a poison control center or go to the nearest emergency department for an evaluation. Poison is anything that kills or injures through its chemical actions. Most poisons are swallowed. But poisons can enter the body in other ways: By breathing , Through the skin, By IV injection, From exposure to radiation, or Venom from a snake bite. There are many different poison and there is a way for treating many of them. If you exposed areas with rubbing alcohol next, wash the exposed areas with water only, take a shower with soap and warm water, lastly put gloves on and wipe everything you had with you, including shoes, tools, and your clothes, with rubbing alcohol and water.are exposed, according to the FDA, you should quickly (within 10 minutes), you should first, cleanse Treatment of poisonous snake bites involves thorough cleansing of the wound and observation of the victim to determine whether symptoms suggestive of evenomation develop over time. In most cases of poisonous snake bites, an antivenin is given, preferably by intravenous administration. For rattlesnake, cottonmouth, and copperhead bites, Antivenin Polyvalent (ACP) equine derived antivenin was the standard treatment in emergency departments for many years. ACP, however, is known to cause a number of potentially severe allergic reactions because of its equine origin. In 2000 the U.S. FDA approved the sheep-derived antivenin...
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...Dear Wikipedia readers: We are the small non-profit that runs the #5 website in the world. We have only 150 staff but serve 450 million users, and have costs like any other top site: servers, power, rent, programs, and staff. Wikipedia is something special. It is like a library or a public park. It is like a temple for the mind, a place we can all go to think and learn. To protect our independence, we'll never run ads. We take no government funds. We run on donations averaging about Rs. 1500. If everyone reading this gave Rs. 100, our fundraiser would be done within an hour. If Wikipedia is useful to you, take one minute to keep it online another year. Please help us forget fundraising and get back to Wikipedia. Thank you. Please Help Common krait From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Common krait | | Scientific classification | Kingdom: | Animalia | Phylum: | Chordata | Subphylum: | Vertebrata | Class: | Reptilia | Order: | Squamata | Suborder: | Serpentes | Family: | Elapidae | Genus: | Bungarus | Species: | B. caeruleus | Binomial name | Bungarus caeruleus (Schneider, 1801) | Synonyms | Pseudoboa caerulea Schneider, 1801 Bungarus candidus Var. CÆRULEUS Boulenger, 1896 | The common krait (Bungarus caeruleus, also known as Indian krait or Blue krait) is a species of genus Bungarus found in the jungles of the Indian subcontinent.[1] It is a member of the "big four", species inflicting the most snakebites in...
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...The Little Prince plot The narrator, an airplane pilot, crashes in the Sahara desert. The crash badly damages his airplane and leaves the narrator with very little food or water. As he is worrying over his predicament, he is approached by the little prince, a very serious little blond boy who asks the narrator to draw him a sheep. The narrator obliges, and the two become friends. The pilot learns that the little prince comes from a small planet that the little prince calls Asteroid 325 but that people on Earth call Asteroid B-612. The little prince took great care of this planet, preventing any bad seeds from growing and making sure it was never overrun by baobab trees. One day, a mysterious rose sprouted on the planet and the little prince fell in love with it. But when he caught the rose in a lie one day, he decided that he could not trust her anymore. He grew lonely and decided to leave. Despite a last-minute reconciliation with the rose, the prince set out to explore other planets and cure his loneliness. While journeying, the narrator tells us, the little prince passes by neighboring asteroids and encounters for the first time the strange, narrow-minded world of grown-ups. On the first six planets the little prince visits, he meets a king, a vain man, a drunkard, a businessman, a lamplighter, and a geographer, all of whom live alone and are overly consumed by their chosen occupations. Such strange behavior both amuses and perturbs the little prince. He does not understand...
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...Toxicology is the scientific study of adverse effects that occur in living organisms due to chemicals. It involves observing and reporting symptoms, mechanisms, detection and treatments of toxic substances, in particular relation to the poisoning of humans. It is difficult to discuss toxic phenomena at different levels of biological organisation separately because of complex relationship and interlinking between such levels. It should be noted that every biological level toxicology includes chemical and/or molecular toxicology in a sense. Scientists need to study natural situations to understand life processes and to investigate how introducing a particular substance can change living systems. It is often helpful to break a process into steps and then investigate how introduction of the substance affects each step. This first stage in toxicity assessment takes place in vitro. The investigator can pinpoint the various changes that could occur when a compound encounters a living cell and then make safety recommendations. Only a few substances successfully pass these initial trials. Those substances must then be tested further. Humans and other living things—plants, animals, and even molds and bacteria—are complex systems. The processes in any organism are far more complicated than just the sum of the individual parts. It is difficult to replicate at the lab bench the complex interactions. When safety is not assured, ethical research procedures restrict testing on...
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...alternative medicines were really safe if we do not know their effectivity limits or right doses? All herbal plants have its own limitation, a limitation which can measure the effectiveness and the toxicity of a certain herbal plant. Herbal plants like synthetic drugs depend on the dosing, gender, age and the condition of the patient to enact its action to the body. Most of the alternative and traditional herbal medicines used in many cultures were crude drugs. This means that even though they undergo extraction, there was high certainty that both therapeutic constituent and toxic constituents were present. Just like what Philippus Aureolus also known as Paracelsus once said “All things are poisons, for there is nothing without poisonous qualities. It is only the dose which makes a thing poison.”[1] Based on what Philippus Aureolus Paracelsus said, the researchers have the fervour to discern the toxicity profile of the aqueous extract of Euphorbia hirta Linn. (Tawa-tawa). This plant was...
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...Risk Assessment Hazard Identification Risk assessment begins with hazard identification. Malathion is a wide spectrum, non-systemic organophosphate insecticide commonly used to control ectoparasites, household insects, sucking and chewing insects in agriculture, and mosquito populations (Pmep.cce.cornell.edu 2012). It is also sold over the counter as a medicine used to kill lice and their eggs. Toxicity in animals depends on product purity and the method it is administered. Dose-Response Assessment Dose responses in humans and animals differ from species to species and according to dose concentration. Malathion exposure occurs through ingestion, inhalation, and absorption. Human exposure usually results in nausea, headache, and tightness in the chest. Although Malathion is classified as a slightly toxic, lethal doses have been recorded for humans. The lowest lethal dose of Malathion recorded is three times higher for men than women (Pmep.cce.cornell.edu 2012). Alergic reaction to Malathion causes severe dizziness and trouble breathing. Lab tests indicate that rats do not normally have adverse reproductive and development effects from Malathion exposure at low doses and prolonged exposure. High doses can cause teratogenic effects when fed to rats through a stomach tube. Malathion can, however, pass through the placenta of pregnant goats and cause birth defects and increased newborn mortality rates. Chronic toxicity may cause mutagenic risks to humans. Lab test results...
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...This is the dark time my love Themes: War, power and authority/lack of freedom Tones and Moods: anxiety pressure and fear Metaphor: brown beetles "This is the Dark Time My Love" is poem that deals with cruelty and the pain and suffering of war The repetition of the line ‘This is the dark time, my love’ emphasizes on what a dreadful and fearful time it was. They were almost there, almost free of the British hold. Even Mother Nature herself was aware of the struggle: ‘The shining sun is hidden in the sky. Red flowers bend their heads in awful sorrow’ * 'brown beatles' refers the tankers. PERSONIFICATIONS 'Red flowers bend their heads.....' this is to show that flowers/nature is feeling the pain. 'dark metals' represents the guns. 'hidden sun in the sky' symbolizes the hidden hope of the people. OXYMORONS- 'carnival of misery' and ' festival of guns' Who comes walking in the dark night time? Whose boot of steel tramps down the slender grass? It is the man of death, my love, the strange invader Watching you sleep and aiming at your dreams. Aiming at the dreams of the innocent, people who had a right to look forward for a brighter future for their country and themselves. Free of being bullied, hated and looked down upon because of being different only to have a dark shadow cast over them by the invasion of the soldiers. Dulce et decorum est Simile Like old beggars’ l.1. The soldiers are deprived of dignity and health like the elderly and...
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...Newmont Case Analysis As can be seen in this case, a truck of Newmont Mining Company leaked 151 kilograms of mercury, which was a by-product of gold mining in the Yanacocha mine in Peru, along a village road. Due to this leak incident, more than 1,000 local residents were sickened by the toxic mercury, which had caused blindness, neurological damage and other health problems. The company, however, claimed that the mercury had no long-term damage to the patients, and those who hadn’t become ill at that time didn’t have a risk to become ill in the future. This argument, nevertheless, had been challenged by the US Environment Protection Agency (EPA), which warned that elemental mercury was extremely poisonous, which could cause severe health problem. What made thing worse was that after the occurrence of this incident, Newmont hired both the local residents and a team of day laborers to collect the mercury and clean up the road without any protective clothing or safety training. Besides this leak incident, Newmont had already caused numerous damage to environment in Yanacocha such as the contamination of water and crops. Eventually, Newmont’s violation of both the environment and the local residents’ way of life had led to the fierce protest from the locals. Due to the locals’ resistance, Newmont’s business and operation in Yanacocha had been disrupted, which had caused a decline in profits. One possible way for Newmont to improve the intense situation is to build up relationship...
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...The Pesticide Problem and Proposed Solution Risk Assessment Oscar Rodríguez Marrero SCI275 February 27, 2011 The Pesticide Problem and Proposed Solution The city council of Genericville has been presented with a proposal regarding the use of the pesticide Malathion within the city limits. This pesticide is used to control the mosquito population and is been registered for use in the United States since1956 (EPA). According to the US Environmental Protection Agency, the administration of the Malathion pesticide is not harmful to humans or the environment if applied in accordance to the product safety regulations. It the responsibility of the City Council members of Genericville to make and inform a decision that is in the best interest of the residents of Genericville, the city council members, and their visitors. Due to an enlarged mosquito breeding area after a season of heavy rainfall, recent studies have been performed in our wetlands. There are projections that there could be 50 cases of WNV in Genericville this year with two fatalities. With a population of 100,000, this would mean that one out of every 2,000 people will likely become infected this year without the use of pesticides. The Malathion pesticide program could reduce the number of cases from 50 to five, with less than a 20% chance of a fatality. These numbers are too significant to ignore. There is also the concern about the summer tourism and the Generic River, and how they could be affected...
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...THE RESEARCH QUESTION The study should be based on finding out the effects of toxins on living organism. This research will try to find out the positive and negative effects of enzyme toxin in plants and animals. The excessive use of toxins can be harmful to the environment while the use of controlled amounts of this same enzyme can be useful to the environment. Toxins are said to be any poisonous substances that are produced in the living cells. Organic chemist Ludwig Brieger is said to be the first chemist to use the word toxins in the 19th century. Small molecules, proteins and peptides are all said to be toxins. These organisms are capable of causing diseases on the contact with any contact or absorption by body issues. Toxins greatly vary in the degree of severity from the minors such as bee stings to majors such as botulinum toxins Toxins are also constituents that are made by plants and are harmful to humans. But some toxins can be used in small doses and help in medication but become poisonous when used in large amounts DESCRIPTION OF IDENTIFIED PERSPECTIVE (natural sciences) In the natural science subjects such as biology and chemistry, toxins are well described and experimented on by scientists. In chemistry toxins are said to be chemical agent depending on their method of production. On the other hand, toxins that disturb organisms may be said to be biologically produced. Toxins can be either biologically or chemically produced depending on the mode of production...
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...Wrath” in 1965-1973. He dedicated his life in making a difference for immigrants working conditions. Chavez witnessed Immigrants dying every day because of the harmful pesticides used in agriculture. He organized a union called UFW (United Farm Workers of America) (Monte 10). This was the first effective farm workers’ union in America. Chavez knew that he had to find a way to stop the use of the poisonous pesticides, so he gave his speech for the consumers of the grapes. Consumers did not care what was happening to the immigrants, but they do care about what happens to them. Chavez told consumers they were eating poison and they started to listen. Chavez wanted the consumer to see and feel the dangers through his speech and facts he spoke about. He knew once they heard how the poison pesticides affect everyone, the farmers would finally stop using that poison because consumers would not buy a poisonous grape. Chavez used logos to strengthen his speech to the consumers. Logos is known as logical evidence, facts used to prove what is said. For example, Chavez talks about the five insecticides used on the grapes to keep...
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