...The benefit to the community The Police Athletic League (sometimes Police Activities League) (PAL) is an organization in many American police departments in which members of the police force coach young people, both boys and girls, in sports, and help with homework and other school-related activities. The purpose is to build character, help strengthen police-community relations, and keep children off illegal drugs. Most PAL programs now call themselves "Police Activities Leagues" because many of the programs are now focused on youth enrichment, educational and youth leadership programs and not just sports. Some organizations are also called Sheriff Activities Leagues "SAL" because their sponsoring agency is a Sheriff's Department. According to local Police Athletic Leagues, the program generally solicits funds, equipment, and volunteer help from members of the community, so that the cost to taxpayers is small while the returns are great. Participants in the League's activities are supposedly much less likely to engage in crime, far more likely to praise the character of the police force, and discourage their friends from either committing crimes or covering up criminal activity. Police Athletic League programs usually have a competitive component. Although the vast majority of the League's contests are with other youths in the same city, there are regularly scheduled national contests between teams in different parts of the country. For many of the young people who participate...
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...The history of the TPA stretches back to the fall of 1918. In September of that year the Toronto Police Union was chartered by the Trades and Labour Congress. Facing low wages and seriously sub-standard working conditions, the then members of the Toronto Police Force saw unionization as a means of improving their workplace and gaining respect from the employer. An indication of the labour relations climate of the day is provided by the Police Commission’s response. The Union was swiftly denounced and the Commission refused to recognize its existence. The Union’s Secretary, Gordon Ellis, was summarily fired for allegedly failing to properly perform his duties as a police officer. The Police Commissioner, Magistrate Colonel Dennison, stated...
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...and Cons of Labor Unions The right to self-organization is the right of every worker, free of any intrusion from the employer to form, join or assist in the formation of any legitimate worker's organization or union of his or her own choice. The reason for granting this right is grounded on the essential unfairness in the bargaining situation between an employer and his employees. As the issue of employment bargaining is concerned, there is no doubt that the employer stands on higher ground than the employee. That being said brings me to ask the question: Are labor unions good or bad? To start with, there is greater supply of labor than the demand for labor. Consequently, the employer has the choice to levy demands upon his employees. Next, the need for employment by labor often times arises out of desperation and necessity. As a result, the labor must protect labor to the extent of raising him to equal stability in bargaining relations with his employers and to protect him against abuses. This is in recognition of the principle that those who have less in life should have more in law. The right to form unions is a palpable indicator of the protection accorded by law to labor. By giving employees the opportunity to unite themselves against the employers, they can negotiate with their employers for better wages, benefits and terms and conditions of employment. Certainly, there is no better vehicle for securing change in the workplace than the employees’ union. When employees...
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...You’re Never Fully Dressed Without A Smile Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience to maintain healthy dental hygiene. Attention: A. According to, the American Dental Hygienists Association, forty million people suffer from bad breath. How many of you like to have yellow teeth or bad breath? B. If you want to avoid obtaining yellow teeth and bad breath, then you should listen here. C. I’m interested in dental hygiene because I wonder why some people have perfect, white teeth, while others need to head to the dentist chair. I wonder why some people don’t want to have sparkling white teeth while others do. And then they wonder why they don’t have a boyfriend or a girlfriend. D. I am going to discuss with you today why dental hygiene is important. Then, I will discuss how people should take care of their teeth. E. Let us begin by discussing what punishing your teeth looks like. Need: A. We’ve all been to parties before. Imagine waking up to that leftover pizza and beer sitting on the counter the next morning. It’s already been sitting in your mouth if you don’t brush your teeth daily. B. Bad dental hygiene can result in bad breath and nothing is worse than people telling you, you need a breath mint. C. Not only that, but bad dental hygiene can also lead to those nasty infectious cavities also known has tooth decay. Who wants their teeth withering away? In fact, “cavities are the most common diseases throughout the world”. This infectious...
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...Collective Bargaining Case Study LaTonia Gover HRM/532 December 10, 2012 Steve Nance Collective Bargaining Case Study The Case Study regarding the PBA (Police Benevolent Association) union was a situation against the city management. The case study is regarding negotiation for improved pay, and benefits with a bad relationship between the management and the union with fear and disagreement. The relationship between the city management and the unions seemed unstable and negative because the last negotiation that the city management was part of was the city’s solid waste and public works. There was a threat of privatization that the city was willing to hire new employees to replace those not satisfied. The PBA (Police Benevolent Association) was afraid this they would have to experience this situation. Yes there were many problems with the relationship between management and the unions. The unions successfully negotiated with the public waste area at that time and are currently renegotiating a new contract with the PBA (Police Benevolent Association). The city is prepared to bargain hard with the union regarding a new contract. The public sector was threatened with privatization and outsourcing and hiring new employees because this has been done many times before (Klingner, Nalbandian, & Liorens, 2010). The relationship differs because the public service...
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...the PBA (Police Benevolent Association) union was a situation against the city management. The case study is regarding negotiation for improved pay, and benefits with a bad relationship between the management and the union with fear and disagreement. The relationship between the city management and the unions seemed unstable and negative because the last negotiation that the city management was part of was the city’s solid waste and public works. There was a threat of privatization that the city was willing to hire new employees to replace those not satisfied. The PBA (Police Benevolent Association) was afraid this they would have to experience this situation. Yes there were many problems with the relationship between management and the unions. The unions successfully negotiated with the public waste area at that time and are currently renegotiating a new contract with the PBA (Police Benevolent Association). The city is prepared to bargain hard with the union regarding a new contract. The public sector was threatened with privatization and outsourcing and hiring new employees because this has been done many times before (Klingner, Nalbandian, & Liorens, 2010). The relationship differs because the public service was negotiated for pay and benefits, the PBA is renegotiating the city council is seeking to lower the budget to make cuts. The PBA has been threatened with the hiring of other companies, such as security companies and retired police officers...
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...Case Study #2: Fire or be Fired In this scenario, new city-manager for the city of Adams, Josh Peters, is tasked with finding and hiring a new Chief of Police; although it seems uncomplicated enough, problems arise with the discontentedness of the police union. The complications end up being a “them vs. us” situation, with a few city council members and Peters on one side, standing firm in their decision to hire a qualified Chief of Police, and the police union, local newspapers, and city council members on the other, demanding an internal applicant to be Chief of Police. As Peters follows his ethical code and hires the new chief, John Wilson, more and more prevalent threats begin to arise from the police union, with very little resistance...
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...Introduction In common law, there is a phrase used to describe justified police shootings. This particular phrase is referred to as lawfully apprehended, meaning that the arrest, and the precautions that are taken to make the arrest, must be lawfully reasonable. Then there is a term for those who shoot to kill, assisted suicide, which is death by a cop. This can be either justified or unjustified, depending on the circumstances. For example shooting someone who poses a danger to his or herself as well as others, justified, versus the shooting and killing of a person who had a wallet in his pocket, unjust. Before I dive into the significance of police shootings as it is witnessed throughout the world, I would like to compare a couple of things. Are Police officers who shoot to kill any better than civilians who...
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...Exhibit 4: Memo on Police Officers’ Reaction to Planned Cuts in Overtime Pay To: Maria Valdez, City Police Commissioner From: Officer Isaac Haines, Steward, Local 102 of the United Federation of Police Officers (police officers’ union) Date: July 2, 2014 Re: Planned Cuts in Police Officers’ Overtime Status: Under Consideration I am writing on behalf of the members of Local 102 of the United Federation of Police Officers to report our deep disapproval of and concern with the mayor’s planned cut in overtime for our members. For several years, the city’s officers have been called upon to work long shifts and put in extra hours due to escalating crime and the mayor’s newly-imposed efforts to step up patrols in high-crime areas. Loyal officers have sacrificed personal time with their families to ensure the public’s safety and comply with the mayor’s directives. According to the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 and the city’s contract with the United Federation of Police Officers, all non-exempt officers working over 40 hours per week must be paid at a rate of 1.5 times their current hourly wage. The overtime pay earned by these officers was legal and necessary given the city’s needs and the mayor’s directives. We have now learned that, due to public disclosure of the salaries earned by a few officers, the mayor has ordered that 25 new police officers be hired and overtime hours be drastically reduced. This decision was made arbitrarily without consulting the officers...
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...CJS/250 Introduction to Security Mr. Jeremy Busch June 24, 2013 Biography of Allan Pinkerton Allan Pinkerton is the name that is often associated with private security in the annals of police history. With his private detective agency, he left an unforgettable mark regarding the private investigation not only in America, but across the globe as well (Dempsey, 2007). This was reinforced by the company’s logo of the all-seeing eye. Pinkerton was born in 1819 in Scotland, and his father was a known police officer. He was not destined to be a law enforcer, as he opted for other careers, but following the political upheavals that manifested in Scotland, he was forced to change his mind. His family had no option but to flee Scotland, and settled in Illinois where he ran a cooperage—a profession that had never crossed his mind. Later on he became a deputy sheriff and was mandated to pursue the counterfeits products that were being transacted in the region. His investigative career commenced when he was transferred to Chicago after his efforts were recognized. He was given a job in the Treasury Department from which he formed a private police investigation unit that dealt with railroad crime. In 1857, Pinkerton’s Protective Police Patrol was developed and it contracted out private security services to local businesses. The agency grew and covered an area encompassing five states. After some successful high-profile investigations, Pinkerton’s fame grew...
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...Police officers play many different roles in society. These roles include maintaining peace and order within a community, enforcing the laws, pursuing justice for victims, and serving the public need. Many officers favor a public service role, while others adhere more to a crime fighter role. The way they fulfill these roles in the community is based on the application of a formal code of ethics of law enforcement and an informal police subculture. The two roles officers can adopt greatly influence their professional and moral behaviors. The formal code of ethics of law enforcement is a type of code adopted by most police agencies and taught in police academies to serve as a guide for expected behaviors as a law enforcement officer. When...
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...Today's Police Put On a Gun and a Camera Author: Johnson, Kirk ProQuest document link Abstract: Liability-conscious city attorneys say the cameras could help in lawsuits; rights groups, including the American Civil Liberties Union, say police accountability will be bolstered by another layer of public documentation; and the Justice Department, surveying 63 police departments that were using body cameras and many others that were not, concluded in a report this month that the technology had the potential to "promote the perceived legitimacy and sense of procedural justice" in interactions between the public and law enforcement. Links: Linking Service Full text: PULLMAN, Wash. -- Amateur videos of police officers doing their jobs have become part of the fabric of urban democracy, with embarrassing or violent images spreading via social media in minutes. But more police agencies, especially after the unrest following an unarmed teenager's shooting in Ferguson, Mo., are recording events with small body-mounted cameras. In just the last few weeks, law enforcement agencies in at least a dozen cities, including Ferguson; Flagstaff, Ariz.; Minneapolis; Norfolk, Va.; and Washington, have said they are equipping officers with video cameras. Miami Beach approved the purchase of $3 million worth of cameras for police officers, parking enforcement workers, and building and fire inspectors. The New York Police Department, the nation's largest urban force, has studied how Los Angeles is incorporating...
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...have beneficial connections within the local police departments and with political officials. Bribing the police to look the other way as they conducted their illegal operations was very common practice in the Mafia. Nowadays, the Mafia is in decline due to the increased efforts of police departments in major cities, effective mayors anxious to ‘clean up’ their cities, the FBI, and other law enforcement agencies that prevent their illegal activities from continuing with any great success. Evidence of this, is the amount of increased arrests, Mafia members turning informants and supplying important information regarding mafia ‘family’ operations, and less Mafia activity occurring in the big cities. In my opinion, the future of organized crime not favorable due to all the safeguards and effective operations law enforcement agencies currently have in place. While I don’t believe organized crime and Mafia ‘families’ will ever cease to exist completely, great strides have been made in eradicating and suppressing current activities and discovering any new involvements due to advances in criminological technology and effective police work. The American Mafia emerged during Prohibition as the wealthier and more violent successor to local city gangs involved in prostitution and gambling. It is thus a contemporary of the Soviet Union, another long-standing problem for the United States government. Coincidentally, the Mafia and Soviet Union have ceased to be significant strategic adversaries...
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...women's right, and met Joan his wife. In 1850, he created a detective agency which is named The Northwest Police Agency and noted that his greatest accomplishment was the capture of Rose Greenhow. According to Pinkerton (2005), “Pinkerton did not follow in the footsteps of his father at first instead he trained as a cooper and educated to make barrels. In 1842, after he finished his apprenticeship, Pinkerton left his country to go to the United States. He remained in Chicago and put up a cooper's shop. In 1843 Pinkerton repositioned his business to Dundee, in Kane County, Illinois. He come across and detained a group of fraudsters in that year. The outcome changed Pinkerton's life. He became entailed with police work and was assigned deputy sheriff of Kane County in 1846. He soon transferred to a more like position in Cook County, with a headquarters in Chicago. According to Pinkerton (2010), “In 1850 Pinkerton left his job from Chicago's new police force in order to organize a private detective agency that specialized in railway theft cases. The Pinkerton National Detective Agency became one of the most famous organizations of its kind. Its successes included capture of the principals in a $700,000 Adams Express Company theft in 1866 and the thwarting of an assassination plot against President-elect Abraham Lincoln in February 1861 in Baltimore. In 1861, working for the Union during the Civil War, Pinkerton, under the name E.J. Allen, headed an organization whose...
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...Biography of Allan Pinkerton CJS 250 April 2, 2011 John Feltgen Biography of Allan Pinkerton The name Pinkerton is synonymous with private eyes around the world. The son of a police sergeant, Allan Pinkerton was born in Glasgow, Scotland in 1819. His father was injured on-the-job and died as a result of his injuries in 1828, thus causing the family to live in poverty. For a short period he worked as a barrel maker to support his family. Then in 1842, at the age of 23, young Allan Pinkerton decided to migrate to the United States. He settled in Kane County, Illinois, where he opened a cooper’s shop that would eventually become a station on the Underground Railroad (Allan Pinkerton, 2010). It was just happenstance that Allan Pinkerton became interested in detective work. His accidental uncovering of a group of counterfeiters led to his interest in detective work and an appointment to Kane County Sheriff in 1846. Within two years of becoming an investigator, Pinkerton had racked up more arrests than any other officers on the police force. Just four years later, Pinkerton was appointed first city detective on the Chicago police force (Allan Pinkerton, 2010). That same year (1850) he opened the Pinkerton Detective Agency, an agency still thought of as the first modern detective agency (Pinkertons, 2004). The agency attracted national fame for solving train and express-company robberies. In 1861, during an investigation of a train robbery, agents from the...
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