...Political Science 330 March 23, 2014 Liberalism vs Socialism There have been many ways countries/colonies have been governed throughout history. Some forms of government were able to lead their people using peaceful means. Some were chaotic and involved massive bloodshed. Liberalism derived from the word liberty is a form of that has two forms, classical and modern. Classical liberalism heavily rooted from Jock Locke and Adam Smith of the seventeenth and eighteenth century. Modern liberalism introduced around the nineteenth century uses classical liberalism as a structured base with some modified theorists from Jane Adams and T. H. Green. Socialism introduced around the early nineteenth century is another form of government which is similar yet different than liberalism. Socialists deriving from the word society, believe in meeting basic needs of the entire society. Socialism has two types as well which include Marxism-Leninism and social democracy. Socialists and liberals share similar positions on many social issues such as civil rights, gay rights and gender equality. They oppose racism and sexism as well as keep religion out of the government. Both forms of government support Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, minimum wage as well as other laws and regulations aimed at helping poor and working people. Classical and modern liberalism differ in slight but significant ways. In classical liberalism, the people are more important than the state. The people have their own...
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...definition of ideology is crucial, due to the ideas of ideology changing as it encompasses many different concepts. One way to describe ideology is to think of it as being a shared system of values, beliefs and attitudes or a way that help enable individuals to understand their realities. Ideology can be portrayed as a system of attitude that helps us understand the world. Ideology does not belong to individuals but to social groups and in particular, larger capitalist political groups that shape the world in today’s society. Louis Althusser (1993) described ideology as an imaginary relationship of individuals to their real conditions of existence (Althusser 1993), explaining that it is more about people being profoundly...
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...AP ® WORLD HISTORY Modified Essay Questions for Exam Practice This document provides modifications of the AP World History Comparative and Continuity and Change-Over-Time (CCOT) essay questions from the 2002 to the 2010 operational exams. The modified questions provide examples of essay questions that align more closely with the Curriculum Framework for the revised course as of the 2011-12 academic year. The accompanying rationale for each question explains the revisions. 2 Mission Statement The College Board’s mission is to connect students to college success and opportunity. We are a not-for-profit membership organization committed to excellence and equity in education. About the College Board The College Board is a mission-driven not-for-profit organization that connects students to college success and opportunity. Founded in 1900, the College Board was created to expand access to higher education. Today, the membership association is made up of more than 5,900 of the world’s leading educational institutions and is dedicated to promoting excellence and equity in education. Each year, the College Board helps more than seven million students prepare for a successful transition to college through programs and services in college readiness and college success — including the SAT® and the Advanced Placement Program®. The organization also serves the education community through research and advocacy on behalf of students, educators and schools. For further...
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...to Politics and Law Major Assignment Essay: Worth 25% Due: Thursday November 3 at 5pm Choose ONE question 1. Compare and contrast the ideology of the Australian Labor Party with the ideology of the Australian Liberal Party. OR 2. “The Liberal Party is a conservative party and the Labor Party is a progressive Party.” Discuss critically OR 3. “The philosophies and policies of the Liberal and Labor parties have had to change for them to survive.” Discuss critically Length 500-700 words The objective of this assessment This assessment requires you to write an essay on Australian political parties based primarily on Willmot and Dowse’s chapter on pages 181 to 206 of the Course Reader. You can also read Dean Jaensch’s chapter (attached) and other sources, such as those referred to in lectures. You may wish to find books in the Reid Library (3rd floor) on your question. See me by October 24 to discuss how your research and writing is progressing. With this essay you should write critically and analytically, rather than descriptively. If you are claiming, for example, that the Liberal party is a conservative party, you will need to support your argument with evidence and your points must be properly referenced. Your essay will need to have an introduction, a body and a conclusion. The grade you receive will depend on how much effort you have put into researching and writing your essay. Essays written the night before they are due usually...
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...In the companion essay to this work, TITLE TBD*, a theory of moral nihilism provides an account of the common existence of illusory morality, using the language and context of popular culture to help identify the individual sub-forms of this collective phenomenon. Here, the standards (self-awareness, completeness of ideation, and intention) at the center of that moral theory are applied to political ideology, identity, and participation. Applying these standards to many common political behaviors, like the suppression of public political expression and political action contrary to stated principles, reveals these behaviors to be inconsistent with the very concept of ideology. The process of ideation is corrupted by, among other things, the...
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...Government FCOM 111 Trimester 1, 2014 Government Essay Cover Sheet Instructions Please complete and sign this form and attach it as the cover page to your assignment. Student Name (Please print): | | Student ID No: | | Tutor Name: | | Tutorial Day and Time: | | Due Date: | Monday 31 March 2014 at 1:00 p.m. | Date Submitted: | | Word Count: | | Plagiarism Declaration Plagiarism is a form of cheating which undermines academic integrity. Plagiarism is prohibited at Victoria. Plagiarism is presenting (without due acknowledgement) someone else’s work as if it were your own, whether you mean to or not. Plagiarism takes many forms and includes material from books, journals or any other printed source, the work of other students or staff, information from the internet and other electronic material. You are expected to adhere to the VUW Statute on Student Conduct and its references to plagiarism. The Statute may be assessed at http://www.victoria.ac.nz/home/about /policy/students.aspx. I have read and understood the University’s policy on plagiarism outlined as above and declare that this Government Essay is my own work and that all source material used in this essay is accurately acknowledged. Signed: ___________________________ Date: ____________________ Political ideologies are vague and not as regimented and defined throughout New Zealand politics. An ideology represents political philosophies, views, core principles or beliefs,...
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...Powers Enumerated Powers Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) Roe v. Wade (1973) Commerce Clause McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) Supremacy Clause Necessary & Proper Clause Civil Liberties v. Civil Rights Incorporation Doctrine Brown v. Board of Education (1954) Party Primary General Election Closed Primary Open Primary Caucus Electoral College Gerrymandering Advise & Consent Filibuster & Cloture Speaker of the House Senate Majority Leader Standing Committee Conference Committee Pork Barrel Legislation Logrolling Council-Manager System Interest Group Public Interest Group Lobbyist Political Action Committee (PAC) Presidential Veto Inherent Powers The Appointment Power Treaty Power Department of State Commander in Chief Impeachment Take Care Clause Bureaucracy Rulemaking Patronage **New Terms for Unit 5** Agents of Political Socialization Socio-Economic...
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...Fascism and The Political Spectrum In todays political world, most politicians and ideologues want to be as far removed from Fascism as is possible. Additionally, these same politicians often attempt to brand their opponents as fascists. This has resulted in fascism being used as more of a insult than an ideological identifier. This is not surprising given the unpopular nature of Fascism in modern society. That said, this name calling creates a great deal of confusion and can leave one wondering “Is Fascism Left or Right?” Fascism — a governmental system led by a dictator having complete power, forcibly suppressing opposition and criticism, regimenting all industry, commerce, etc., and emphasizing an aggressive nationalism and often racism....
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...changing their lives of countless men and women. Gender, Ideology, and Historical Change: Explaining the Women’s Movement was a great chapter because it explained and analyzed the change and causes of the women’s movement. Elaine Tyler May’s essay, Cold War Ideology and the Rise of Feminism and Women’s Liberation and Sixties Radicalism by Alice Echols both gave important but different opinions and ideas about the women’s movement. Also, the primary sources reflect a number of economic, cultural, political, and demographic influences on the women’s movement. This chapter really explains how the Cold War ideologies, other protests and the free speech movements occurring during this time helped spark the rise or the women’s right’s movements. In Cold War Ideology and the Rise of Feminism by Elaine Tyler May, May examines the impact of political changes on American families, specifically the relationship of a Cold War ideology and the ideal of domesticity in the 1960s. May believed that with security as the common thread, the Cold War ideology and the domestic revival reinforced each other. Personal adaption, rather than political resistance, characterized the era. However, postwar domesticity never fully delivered on its promises because the baby-boom children who grew up in suburban homes abandoned the containment ethos when they grew up. They challenged both the imperatives of the cold war and the domestic ideology that came with it. The first to criticize the status...
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...This essay will discuss some of the main topics covered during this week’s readings. This essay will discuss the steps that must be taken to make amendments to the United States Constitution, the reasons the ten amendments that make up the Bill of Rights were successfully added to the United States Constitution and why the Equal Rights Amendment was not added. This essay will also discuss what ideology is and the differences between liberalism and conservatism and will lastly outline the differences between Dual Federalism and Cooperative Federalism. Let’s first discuss what steps must be taken to amend the United States Constitution. In order to amend the United States Constitution the amendments may be proposed by the United States Congress or by a national convention assembled at the request of the legislatures of at least two-thirds of the several states (Bardes, Shelley, and Schmidt, 2012, pg. 53). Another method that can be used to make amendments to the United States Constitution is ratification, although this method in the past has rarely been used, but it can occur by two methods either by obtaining a positive vote of at least three-fourths of the legislatures of several states or by having special conventions called in the states and obtaining a positive vote in three-fourths of them (Bardes, Shelley, and Schmidt, 2012, pg. 53). Congress has considered more than eleven thousand amendments to the Constitution, but only thirty-three amendments were submitted to the...
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...Thesis Statement: Henry David Thoreau is one of the pioneers of Transcendentalism, and his famous work, Civil Disobedience has great effect on Mahatma Gandhi’s ideology and movement which drives the India for independence. Outline 1. Introduction 1. Brief introduction of Henry David Thoreau 2. Brief introduction of Mahatma Gandhi 2. Writing background and cores of Civil Disobedience 2.1 Writing background 2.2 Cores of Civil Disobedience 2.2.1 Conscience of human 2.2.2 Effect of morality 2.2.3 Suspicion of American’s democracy 2.3.4 In-cooperation with government 3. Embodiment on Mahatma Gandhi 3.1 Effect on Gandhi’s ideology 3.1.1 Works of Gandhi 3.1.2 Speeches of Gandhi 3.2 Effect on Gandhi’s movement 3.2.1 Gandhi in South Africa 3.2.2 Gandhi in India 4. Conclusion 1. Introduction 1.1 Brief introduction of Henry David Thoreau Henry David Thoreau was one of the most famous writers, naturalist, philosophers, abolitionists, and the pioneers of Transcendentalism in America in 19 century. He was born in Concord, Massachusetts, 1817. Thoreau met Ralph Waldo Emerson when he studied in university. And he was deeply influenced by Emerson who advocated that man should be true to himself and close to nature. Emerson was not only a friend but also a teacher to Thoreau. They had edited the journal Sundial together. Thoreau graduated from Harvard College in 1837 and worked as...
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...Ingrid B. US History 114-602 Fall 2012 Bergen Community College THE PAUL ROBESON—JACKIE ROBINSON SAGA AND A POLITICAL COLLISION. By Ronald A. Smith Journal of Sport History, Vol. 6, No. 2 (Summer, 1979) P 5-27 Dr. Ronald A. Smith, a historian and Professor Emeritus at Penn State University analyzes Jackie Robinson's appearance, and impact before the House UN-American Activities Committee in light of anti-American messages made by the entertainer and former Rutgers University All-American football superstar Paul Robeson. Smith argues that for symbolical grounds, the federal government reached out to Jackie Robinson so he can assist in getting rid of Paul Robeson from his function as a black leader. Using a relative analysis of both Robinson and Robeson early lives, Author Ronald Smith affirms that they spearheaded change from different paths. Smith illustrates how Jackie Robinson was willing to cooperate with white society for the purpose of positive racial goals and Paul Robeson wanted improvement own his own terms, not necessarily those suggested by white society. Nonetheless, Smith insists both Robinson and Robeson fought for equal rights in their respected ways. In this informative and well written essay, The Paul Robeson-Jackie Robinson Saga and Political Collision, Ronald A. Smith (following his Ph.D. at the University of Wisconsin, he spent 28 years at Penn State teaching sport history and researching intercollegiate athletics) illustrates how a...
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...purpose of a writer is to keep civilization from destroying itself,” (Albert Camus). As this quote clearly says, authors not only use their books as a way to entertain the reader but also as a way to prevent society from destroying itself. A way authors do this is by critiquing norms of society. For example, George Orwell uses his book 1984 to critique the normalities found in society. To be specific, Orwell uses the novel 1984 to critique the social, political, intellectual norms of today’s society which can be seen extensively throughout the book. To start, George Orwell uses 1984 to critique to social norms of today’s society. One way he does this is through the use of telescreens. Telescreens are a propaganda tool used by the Big...
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...Discuss the concepts of 'ideology' and 'discourse' in relation to the ways in which representation functions in media texts. You might like to do this in the context of representations of gender, sexuality, 'race', ethnicity, war, refugees or celebrity, for example. Your essay should include your own analysis of a media text that has not been discussed in detail in the lectures, required or additional readings, or in your other assessments. Representation is both the process and the product of media texts, in terms of sexuality in media these representations are shaped by ideologies; the way people think and interpret the word. In turn, different ideologies promote discourse and the discussion of ideas in relation to sexuality. In relation to specific media texts such as True Blood, there are several ideologies in the program, social, political and cultural which show a non-heteronormative view on sexuality. Ideologies are ways of thinking and how we interpret the world around us. It’s through ideology that representation in media text functions to reinforce the view of that particular school of thought. Representation can be through stereotype, strengthening sometimes negative views or typecasting those who are represented. Looking especially True Blood, vampires are being “re-presented” as the gay community which have to struggle and fight for equal rights(Dhaenens, 2013). The concept of Ideology, a way of thinking which impacts how you view and world and interact with people...
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...(Laqueur, 1976) This essay will propose that the media coverage of acts of terror occurs for the main purpose of reporting on the news, it heightens the public’s awareness of such incidents and aids in counterterrorism, thus having a detrimental effect on the terrorists and their cause. Laqueur’s statement that the media are the terrorists’ best friends implies that their coverage of terrorism aids the terrorists. We will examine and disprove the hypotheses that coverage of terrorism in the media, and the publicity and attention terrorists gain through media reporting of their acts of terror are beneficial to their cause. For the purposes of this essay media will be used as a “…generic term meaning all the methods or channels of information and entertainment” (P.Wilkinson, 1997:51) and as found within majority of the theories and concepts discussed, the term terrorism, and therefore terrorist, is used to describe violence carried out in the name of a political, ideological or racial cause by a person who wishes to influence the government and, or, intimidate the public. (www.mi5.gov.uk) Terrorism is a psychological weapon (P.Wilkinson, 1997:54), which is dependent upon communication of its threat. The easiest way terrorists can disseminate their messages of threat is through the manipulation of the media. When using the media, the terrorists’ have four core objectives; communicate propaganda; mobilise support from the public through dissemination of ideology; frustrate the government...
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